部落民（日语：ぶらくみん）是日本社会里的少数族群之一，跟阿伊努人、琉球人、在日朝鲜人和在日中国人一样；不同的是，部落民在民族上与一般日本人一样同属大和族，不过社会阶级不同。古代日本曾独自从印度聘请僧侣赴日，种姓制度因此在日本独立发展，最早的部落民等同种姓制度下的贱民或中亚的齐米。

部落民是过去封建时期贱民阶级的后代，主要从事被认为是宗教上「不洁」的工作，如殡仪业者、屠夫或皮革工人、拾荒者、小丑等，并传统上居住于对外隔绝的村庄或贫民区(多不适于农耕)，分为非人与秽多。非人多数是乞丐、算命、监狱看守，秽多则是处理与死亡有关的工作（因神道教与佛教也认为宰杀与血不洁）。他们要住在特别区域穿特别衣服自异于其他人。

Burakumin(部落民, "hamlet people"/"village people", "those who live in hamlets/villages") is an outcast group at the bottom of the Japanese social order that has historically been the victim of severe discrimination and ostracism. They were originally members of outcast communities in the Japanese feudal era, composed of those with occupations considered impure or tainted by death (such as executioners, undertakers, workers in slaughterhouses, butchers or tanners), which have severe social stigmas of kegare (穢れ or "defilement") attached to them. Traditionally, the burakumin lived in their own hamlets or ghettos.