狸藻科（学名：Lentibulariaceae）多年生沉水或漂浮之双子叶植物，该科植物共有4属，170种，全世界均有分布，为相当普遍之捕虫植物。在中国或**，该科草本植物有2属19 种，无根性，冬芽不明显，捕虫囊通常生于叶片上，如**之黄花狸藻、挖耳草。

四萼狸藻属与双瓣狸藻属曾经是狸藻科下的二个属，目前已经将这二个属并入狸藻属内。狸藻科先前是分类为玄参目下的一个科，而APG分类法主张应将玄参目下的科合并至唇形目内。

Lentibulariaceae, the bladderwort family, is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera: Genlisea, the corkscrew plants; Pinguicula, the butterworts; and Utricularia, the bladderworts.

The genera Polypompholyx (two species of pink petticoats or fairy aprons) and Biovularia used to be regarded as fourth and fifth members of this family. Biovularia has been subsumed into Utricularia, and Polypompholyx has been relegated to a subgenus of Utricularia. Placement of the family used to be in the Scrophulariales, which has been merged with Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.