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单词 Ultrabasic rocks
释义

Ultrabasic rocks

英语百科

Ultramafic rock

Olivine in a peridotite weathering to iddingsite within a mantle xenolith
IUGS Classification diagram for intrusive ultramafic rocks based on modal percentages of mafic minerals. Green area represents typical mantle peridotite.

Ultramafic (also referred to as ultrabasic rocks, although the terms are not wholly equivalent) are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with a very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are composed of usually greater than 90% mafic minerals (dark colored, high magnesium and iron content). The Earth's mantle is composed of ultramafic rocks. Ultrabasic is a more inclusive term that includes igneous rocks with low silica content that may not be extremely enriched in Fe and Mg, such as carbonatites and ultrapotassic igneous rocks.

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