转译医学（translational medicine, 又称转化医学）是指将基础医学的研究，能够直接和临床治疗上链接的一个新的思维。最早由美国国家卫生研究院（National Institute of Health, NIH） 之爱力思·乐霍尼 (Elias A. Zerhouni) 院长，在美国医学会期刊(JAMA)发表了一篇「US Biomedical Research-Basic, Translational, and Clinical Sciences」 之文章,提到了转译医学这个新的思维。

Translational research (also referred to as translational science) is defined by the European Society for Translational Medicine (EUSTM) as an interdisciplinary branch of the biomedical field supported by three main pillars: benchside, bedside and community. The goal of TM is to combine disciplines, resources, expertise, and techniques within these pillars to promote enhancements in prevention, diagnosis, and therapies. Accordingly, TM is a highly interdisciplinary field, the primary goal of which is to coalesce assets of various natures within the individual pillars in order to improve the global healthcare system significantly.