堆栈溢出（英语：stack overflow）在计算机科学中是指使用过多的内存时导致调用堆叠产生的溢出。堆叠溢出的产生是由于过多的函数调用，导致调用堆叠无法容纳这些调用的返回地址，一般在递归中产生。堆叠溢出很可能由无限递归（Infinite recursion）产生，但也可能仅仅是过多的堆叠层级。

堆叠溢出在核心设计中尤其危险，因此很多入门核心设计教程建议用户不要尝试使用递归程序；而是基于安全和性能考量，改用循环处理问题。

在POSIX兼容平台上，堆叠溢出通常会造成操作系统产生SIGSEGV信号。

In software, a stack buffer overflow or stack buffer overrun occurs when a program writes to a memory address on the program's call stack outside of the intended data structure, which is usually a fixed-length buffer. Stack buffer overflow bugs are caused when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than what is actually allocated for that buffer. This almost always results in corruption of adjacent data on the stack, and in cases where the overflow was triggered by mistake, will often cause the program to crash or operate incorrectly. Stack buffer overflow is a type of the more general programming malfunction known as buffer overflow (or buffer overrun). Overfilling a buffer on the stack is more likely to derail program execution than overfilling a buffer on the heap because the stack contains the return addresses for all active function calls.