To the specified power vested in Congress by the Constitution, the advocates of a strong national government added a general clause authorizing it to make all laws " necessary and proper" for carrying into effect any and all of the enumerated powers.

——对于宪法赋予国会的具体权力，强大的国家政府的拥护者增加了一个一般条款， 授权它使所有法律“必要和适当” ，以实施任何和所有列举的权力。