太阳能发电卫星、又称为轨道发电机（SBSP），自1970年代早期已在构想中的一种太阳能发电系统，在卫星轨道上的太阳能收集器，将从太阳光收集所得的能量以微波或激光传送到地球，在地球表面接收后转化为电能。其优势是在太阳与太阳能收集器之间无大气层阻碍，因此效率较高，并且不受昼夜周期的影响。是一种可再生能源。目前的造价仍非常高，不俱经济效益，有可能在技术进一步发展或能源价格进一步上涨后被建造。

Space-based solar power (SBSP) is the concept of collecting solar power in space (using an "SPS", that is, a "solar-power satellite" or a "satellite power system") for use on Earth. It has been in research since the early 1970s.

SBSP would differ from current solar collection methods in that the means used to collect energy would reside on an orbiting satellite instead of on Earth's surface. Some projected benefits of such a system are a higher collection rate and a longer collection period due to the lack of a diffusing atmosphere and night time in space.