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单词 Base excision repair
释义

Base excision repair

英语百科

Base excision repair

8-oxoguanine forms a Hoogsteen base pair with adenine
Uracil DNA glycosylase flips a uracil residue out of the duplex, shown in yellow.


== Hydrolysis of cytosine to uracil ==

In biochemistry and genetics, base excision repair (BER) is a cellular mechanism that repairs damaged DNA throughout the cell cycle. It is responsible primarily for removing small, non-helix-distorting base lesions from the genome. The related nucleotide excision repair pathway repairs bulky helix-distorting lesions. BER is important for removing damaged bases that could otherwise cause mutations by mispairing or lead to breaks in DNA during replication. BER is initiated by DNA glycosylases, which recognize and remove specific damaged or inappropriate bases, forming AP sites. These are then cleaved by an AP endonuclease. The resulting single-strand break can then be processed by either short-patch (where a single nucleotide is replaced) or long-patch BER (where 2-10 new nucleotides are synthesized).

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