超音速燃烧冲压发动机（Supersonic combustion Ramjet，缩写为Scramjet）是一种进气流速超过音速的航空用冲压发动机，属进气式喷射发动机的一类。超音速燃烧冲压发动机与一般的冲压发动机虽然都被使用在超音速飞行器上，但其关键的差异在于冲压发动机的进气在实际进入燃烧室之前，需经过适当的导流减速到次音速，但超音速燃烧冲压发动机的进气仍可保持在超音速状态，因此可达到更高的飞行速度。目前人类曾制造出、飞行速度最快的进气发动机飞行器——美国航太总署所开发的X-43A极音速无人实验机，就是搭载超音速燃烧冲压发动机作为动力来源。

A scramjet (supersonic combusting ramjet) is a variant of a ramjet airbreathing jet engine in which combustion takes place in supersonic airflow. As in ramjets, a scramjet relies on high vehicle speed to forcefully compress the incoming air before combustion (hence ramjet), but a ramjet decelerates the air to subsonic velocities before combustion, while airflow in a scramjet is supersonic throughout the entire engine. This allows the scramjet to operate efficiently at extremely high speeds.