32. How? Well, they have tough sort of ... uh ...underground stems called rhizomes.

这是怎么做到的呢？它们长出一种叫做地茎的水下根系。

Real wasabi is made from the ground rhizomes (aka the stems) of the Brassicaceae mustard plant.

真正的芥末是由十字花科芥菜植物磨碎的根茎（又名茎）制成的。

33. Rhizomes from one plant grow through the muddy soil and interlock with those of other nearby plants.

一株草的地茎穿透、包围它覆盖的泥土，并且和其他植株的地茎铰链在一起。

By the way, when you picked this, you're not killing a plant because it's a network of underground stems called rhizomes that give rise to the leaves.

顺便说一下，当你摘这个的时候，你并没有杀死一株植物，因为它是一个地下茎网，叫做根茎，它产生叶子。

36. So in addition to the interlocking underground rhizomes, they have yet another adaptation and it's, well, we're back to reverse osmosis again.

所以，除了相互铰链的地枝外，它们还有另一种进化… 嗯，我们还是回到反渗透吧！

Now we know that seagrasses are beautiful swans -- which actually eat seagrass leaves and rhizomes -- and healthy seagrass meadows are harbingers of a healthy ocean.

现在我们知道海草是美丽的天鹅——它们实际上吃海草的叶子和根茎——而健康的海草草甸是健康海洋的预兆。

Their rhizomes are set in black mould accumulated in hollows of the metamorphic slates beside the pools, where they are well watered without being subjected to flood action.

它们的根茎长在黑色的霉菌中，这些霉菌堆积在水池旁边的变质板岩的空洞中，在那里它们得到了很好的浇水，没有受到洪水的影响。

He thought this could've been a rhizome – a special type of root that grows sideways, which some modern plants use to reproduce, sort of like the creeping vines that come out of a strawberry plant.

他认为这可能是根茎——一种特殊类型的横向生长的根，一些现代植物用它来繁殖，有点像从草莓植物中长出来的匍匐藤蔓。

Seagrasses grow by extending a rhizome -- that is a subterranean stem that elongates at rates of about one centimeter to about five meters per year, and they branch and extend along the seafloor, forming large clones.

海草通过根茎的生长而生长——根茎是一种地下茎，以每年约一厘米至约五米的速度伸长，它们分枝并沿着海底延伸，形成大型克隆。