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单词 Product of inertia
释义

Product of inertia

中文百科

转动惯量 Moment of inertia

(重定向自Product of inertia)
走钢丝者手里端着长杆,为了靠转动惯量保持平衡,对抗转动运动。图为撒姆尔·迪克森(Samuel Dixon)于1890年穿过尼加拉河的相片。
飞轮拥有很大的转动惯量,可以用来使机械运转顺滑。
图A
图B

在经典力学中,转动惯量又称惯性矩英语:Moment of inertia),通常以I表示,国际单位制为[kg]·[m]。转动惯量是一个物体对于其旋转运动的惯性大小的量度。一个刚体对于某转轴的转动惯量决定了对于这物体绕着这转轴进行某种角加速度运动所需要施加的力矩。转动惯量在转动动力学中的角色相当于线性动力学中的质量,描述角动量、角速度、力矩和角加速度等数个量之间的关系。

英语百科

Moment of inertia 转动惯量

(重定向自Product of inertia)
Tightrope walker Samuel Dixon using the long rod's moment of inertia for balance while crossing the Niagara River in 1890.
Flywheels have large moments of inertia to smooth out mechanical motion. This example is in a Russian museum.
Spinning figure skaters can reduce their moment of inertia by pulling in their arms, allowing them to spin faster due to  conservation of angular momentum.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
Pendulums used in Mendenhall gravimeter apparatus, from 1897 scientific journal. The portable gravimeter developed in 1890 by Thomas C. Mendenhall provided the most accurate relative measurements of the local gravitational field of the Earth.

The moment of inertia, otherwise known as the angular mass or rotational inertia, of a rigid body determines the torque needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis. It depends on the body's mass distribution and the axis chosen, with larger moments requiring more torque to change the body's rotation. It is an extensive (additive) property: the moment of inertia of a composite system is the sum of the moments of inertia of its component subsystems (all taken about the same axis). One of its definitions is the second moment of mass with respect to distance from an axis r, I = \int_{Q} r^2 \mathrm dm , integrating over the entire mass Q.

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