Research can be carried out using secondary data – information that already exists and is publicly available – and primary data – information collected for a specific purpose.

可以使用二手数据（已经存在且公开可用的信息）和原始数据（为特定目的收集的信息）进行研究。

The referred evidence may be from published texts, or it may consist of primary research data gathered by your own, for example a sociological study of attitudes to gender roles based on research methods such as interviews and questionnaires.

所引用的证据可能来自已发表的文本，也可能包括你自己收集的主要研究数据，例如基于访谈和问卷调查等研究方法对性别角色态度的社会学研究。