The resin is a sticky substance — like pine resin — and it forms a hard coating on the painting after everything dries.

树脂是一种粘性物质——比如说松树树脂——在所有东西变干后，它会在画上形成一层坚硬的涂层。

They found pine resin which has anti bacterial properties, animal fats and possibly olive oil, known for its use in ancient perfumes and medicinal preparations.

其中有抗菌特性的松树树脂、动物脂肪、可能还有常用在古代香水和制药中的橄榄油。