在统计学中，皮尔逊积矩相关系数（英语：Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient，又称作 PPMCC或PCCs, 文章中常用r或Pearson's r表示）用于度量两个变量X和Y之间的相关（线性相关），其值介于-1与1之间。在自然科学领域中，该系数广泛用于度量两个变量之间的相关程度。它是由卡尔·皮尔逊从弗朗西斯·高尔顿在19世纪80年代提出的一个相似却又稍有不同的想法演变而来的。这个相关系数也称作“皮尔森相关系数r”。

In statistics, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (/ˈpɪərsᵻn/) (sometimes referred to as the PPMCC or PCC or Pearson's r) is a measure of the linear correlation between two variables X and Y, giving a value between +1 and −1 inclusive, where 1 is total positive correlation, 0 is no correlation, and −1 is total negative correlation. It is widely used in the sciences as a measure of the degree of linear dependence between two variables. It was developed by Karl Pearson from a related idea introduced by Francis Galton in the 1880s. Early work on the distribution of the sample correlation coefficient was carried out by Anil Kumar Gain and R. A. Fisher from the University of Cambridge.