毛茛目（学名：Ranunculales） 在植物分类学上是位于真双子叶植物分支较原始的一个目。 本目包括了下列几个科：

在以前的《克朗奎斯特分类法》中，本目不包括领春木科，而且罂粟科、荷包牡丹科（紫堇科）和蕨叶草科分属于其他目。

Ranunculales is an order of flowering plants. Of necessity it contains the family Ranunculaceae, the buttercup family, because the name of the order is based on the name of a genus in that family. Ranunculales belongs to a paraphyletic group known as the basal eudicots. It is the most basal clade in this group; in other words, it is sister to the remaining eudicots. Widely known members include poppies, barberries, and buttercups.