胰腺癌（又称胰脏癌；英语：pancreatic cancer）是癌细胞生长于胃后方的腺体器官胰脏的疾病，症状包含腹痛或背痛、黄疸、不明原因体重减轻、脸色苍白、粪便颜色变淡、尿色变深及无饥饿感。疾病早期通常并无症状。当确诊癌症时，通常已转移到其他脏器。

危险因子包括：抽烟、肥胖、糖尿病、和一些特殊基因问题如第一型多发性内分泌肿瘤症候群或遗传性非瘜肉结直肠癌等。大约20%胰脏癌和抽烟有关，约10%胰脏癌则和遗传因素有关。依产生癌变的组织和细胞类型不同，病理学上有不同分类。由运行外分泌功能、产生消化液和酵素的胰管细胞产生的腺管腺癌，约占所有胰脏癌90%；由运行内分泌功能的胰岛细胞产生的神经内分泌瘤，约占1-2%。另外仍有其他种类的胰脏癌。胰脏癌通常借由合并超音波和电脑断层、血液检查包含癌症胚胎抗原和癌症抗原19-9、以及切片。借此再将疾病分成五期。

Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass. These cancerous cells have the ability to invade other parts of the body. There are a number of types of pancreatic cancer. The most common, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, accounts for about 85% of cases, and the term "pancreatic cancer" is sometimes used to refer only to that type. These adenocarcinomas start within the part of the pancreas which makes digestive enzymes. Several other types of cancer, which collectively represent the majority of the non-adenocarcinomas, can also arise from these cells. One to two in every hundred cases of pancreatic cancer are neuroendocrine tumors, which arise from the hormone-producing cells of the pancreas. These are generally less aggressive than pancreatic adenocarcinoma.