坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是一种多发于早产婴儿的疾病，可能会导致小肠坏死，严重时会危及生命。

多发于早产儿，其发病率和出生时的胎龄成反比。出生越早的婴儿，越容易得NEC。初期症状包括喂养不耐受，增加胃残留物，腹胀，便血。症状可能迅速恶化至小肠穿孔，腹膜炎和低血压以及腹部变色。

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a medical condition primarily seen in premature infants, where portions of the bowel undergo necrosis (tissue death). It occurs postnatally (i.e. it is not seen in stillborn infants) and is the second most common cause of morbidity in premature infants, causing 342 deaths per year in the United States in 2012, down from 386 in 2011.