摩西（希伯来语：מֹשֶׁה‎），天主教称为梅瑟，是在旧约圣经的出埃及记等书中所记载的公元前13世纪时犹太人的民族领袖。史学界认为他是犹太教的创始者。他在犹太教、基督教里都被认为是极为重要的先知。按照以色列人的传承，摩西五经便是由其所着。

按照出埃及记的记载，摩西受亚哈威之命，率领被奴役的希伯来人逃离古埃及前往一块富饶的应许之地。在经历40多年的艰难跋涉，他在就要到达目的地的时候就去世了。在摩西的带领下，希伯来人摆脱了奴役的悲惨生活，学会遵守犹太十诫，并成为历史上首支尊奉单一神宗教的民族。

摩西是纪元前十三世纪的犹太人先知，旧约圣经前五本书的执笔者。带领在埃及过着奴隶生活的以色列人。到达神所预备的流着奶和蜜之地－－迦南（巴勒斯坦的古地名，在今天约旦河与死海的西岸一带)，神借着摩西写下《十诫》给他的子民遵守，并建造会幕，教导他的子民敬拜他。

Moses (/ˈmoʊzɪz, -zɪs/; Hebrew:מֹשֶׁה‎, Modern Moshe Tiberian Mōšéh ISO 259-3 Moše; Syriac:ܡܘܫܐ‎ Moushe; Arabic:موسى‎ Mūsā; Greek:Mωϋσῆς Mōÿsēs in both the Septuagint and the New Testament) is a prophet in Abrahamic religions. According to the Hebrew Bible, he was a former Egyptian prince who later in life became a religious leader and lawgiver, to whom the authorship of the Torah is traditionally attributed. Also called Moshe Rabbenu in Hebrew (מֹשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ, lit. "Moses our Teacher"), he is the most important prophet in Judaism. He is also an important prophet in Christianity, Islam, Baha'ism as well as a number of other faiths.