山河狸（学名：Aplodontia rufa）是一种生活在北美洲太平洋沿岸山地的啮齿类动物，山河狸科（Aplodontiidae）中现存唯一的一种，可能是最原始的一种啮齿动物。

山河狸喜欢凉爽潮湿的环境，善于挖掘地道。植食性。大多在夜间活动，没有冬眠的习惯。

The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a North American rodent. It has several common names, including: aplodontia, mountain boomer, ground bear, and giant mole. The name sewellel beaver comes from sewellel or suwellel, the Chinookan term for a cloak made from its pelts. This species is the only living member of its genus, Aplodontia, and family, Aplodontiidae. It should not be confused with true North American and Eurasian beavers, to which it is not closely related.