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单词 Iskander Bey
释义

Iskander Bey

中文百科

斯坎德培 Skanderbeg

(重定向自Iskander Bey)
Xilografía de un enfrentamiento entre tropas de Skanderbeg contra las otomanas.
Estatua ecuestre del héroe albanés, Jorge Castriota Skanderbeg, en la Plaza Albania en Roma, Italia.
Museo de Skanderbeg en Kruja.

乔治·卡斯特里奥蒂·斯坎德培阿尔巴尼亚语:Gjergj Kastrioti Skënderbeu希腊语:Γεώργιος Καστριώτης "Σκερντέμπεης"1405年-1468年1月17日)是一位阿尔巴尼亚民族英雄。

斯坎德培出生于克鲁雅的一个拜占庭帝国贵族家庭,其父是伊庇鲁斯地区众多反抗奥斯曼帝国苏丹巴耶塞特一世的小领主之一。当抵抗失败后,其父被迫臣服,并交出包括乔治·卡斯特里奥蒂在内的四个儿子作为人质。

乔治被迫改信伊斯兰教后,在阿德里安堡接受了军事训练,成为奥斯曼帝国的一位统帅,在获得一系列胜利后,他被封为“阿纳夫特鲁·伊斯坎德·贝伊”(Arnavutlu İskender Bey),意为“阿尔巴尼亚的亚历山大老爷”,将其与亚历山大大帝相提并论。该称号在阿尔巴尼亚语中为“Skënderbe shqiptari”,其后成为他最常用的名字“斯坎德培”。

英语百科

Skanderbeg 斯坎德培

(重定向自Iskander Bey)
Coat of arms of the Kastrioti family[20] According to records, Skanderbeg raised a red flag with the black eagle over Krujë.[21]
Skanderbeg was sent to the Sultan's court in 1415. Ottoman miniature painting illustrating the devşirme.
Skanderbeg dueling with a Tatar in the Ottoman court.

George Castriot (Albanian:Gjergj Kastrioti); 1405–17 January 1468), known as Skanderbeg (Albanian:Skënderbej/Skënderbeu from Turkish:İskender Bey), was a 15th-century Albanian warrior and nobleman.

A member of the noble Kastrioti family, he was sent as a political hostage to the Ottoman court, where he was educated and entered the service of the Ottoman sultan for the next twenty years. He rose through the ranks, culminating in the appointment as sanjakbey (governor) of the Sanjak of Dibra in 1440. In 1443, he deserted the Ottomans during the Battle of Niš and became the ruler of Krujë, Svetigrad, and Modrič. In 1444, he was appointed the chief commander of the short-lived League of Lezhë that consolidated nobility throughout what is today Albania. Despite his military valor he was not able to do more than to hold his own possessions within the very small area in northern Albania where almost all of his victories against the Ottomans took place. Skanderbeg's rebellion was not a general uprising of Albanians, due to the fact that he did not gain support in the Ottoman-controlled south or Venetian-controlled north. His followers included, apart from Albanians, also Slavs, Vlachs, and Greeks. For 25 years, from 1443 to 1468, Skanderbeg's 10,000 man army marched through Ottoman territory winning against consistently larger and better supplied Ottoman forces, for which he was admired.

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