碘（I，原子量：126.90447(3)）有37种已知同位素，其中只有碘-127是稳定同位素，其他都具有放射性，因此碘是一种单一同位素元素。天然存在的碘元素中含有两种同位素，主要为127I，以及痕量的129I。

除了碘-127之外，其余皆为碘的放射性同位素。在碘的放射性同位素中，寿命最长的是碘-129，半衰期长达1570万年，但仍然远低于原生放射性同位素。自然界中存在痕量的碘-129，但基于宇宙射线生成的碘-129也十分微少，甚至不足以影响原子量的测定，这也使碘因此成为单一同位素元素的原因——在自然界中仅能找到一种稳定的同位素。大部分在地球上存在的碘-129几乎都是人为放射性，主要是因为碘-129是早期核试验以及核事故的一个不须要的长寿命产物。

There are 37 known isotopes of iodine (I) from I to I; all undergo radioactive decay except I, which is stable. Iodine is thus a monoisotopic element.

Its longest-lived radioactive isotope, I, has a half-life of 15.7 million years, which is far too short for it to exist as a primordial nuclide. Cosmogenic sources of I produce very tiny quantities of it that are too small to affect atomic weight measurements; iodine is thus also a mononuclidic element—one that is found in nature only as a single nuclide. Most I derived radioactivity on Earth is man-made, an unwanted long-lived byproduct of early nuclear tests and nuclear fission accidents.