Anau (also spelled Annau, Turkmen:Änew), Turkmenistan, capital of Ahal Province, is a city 8 kilometers southeast of Ashgabat which is connected via the M37 highway. Traces of habitation in the area date back to the 4th millennia BC, with fine painted potteries. The name Anau is from Persian ab-i nau (آب نو) meaning "New Water".