The Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz voltage equation, more commonly known as the Goldman equation, is used in cell membrane physiology to determine the reversal potential across a cell's membrane, taking into account all of the ions that are permeant through that membrane.
![E_{m} = \frac{RT}{F} \ln{ \left( \frac{ \sum_{i}^{N} P_{M^{+}_{i}}[M^{+}_{i}]_\mathrm{out} + \sum_{j}^{M} P_{A^{-}_{j}}[A^{-}_{j}]_\mathrm{in}}{ \sum_{i}^{N} P_{M^{+}_{i}}[M^{+}_{i}]_\mathrm{in} + \sum_{j}^{M} P_{A^{-}_{j}}[A^{-}_{j}]_\mathrm{out}} \right) }](/Images/godic/202501/15/b484cb90615da3a7b33eef659f2da93e3454.png")
![\ E_{m}](/Images/godic/202501/15/7edb93c849a720b9791e536b47b5300b3454.png")
为膜电位（伏，即焦每库伦）![\ P_\mathrm{ion}](/Images/godic/202501/15/04e431f563bdfae669d0d1910a067b1c3454.png")
为离子通透常数（米每秒）![\ [ion]_\mathrm{out}](/Images/godic/202501/15/a8b4d1aef1d5b7fb0a5dab0ccfd7009d3454.png")
为细胞外离子浓度（摩每立方米）![\ [ion]_\mathrm{in}](/Images/godic/202501/15/83c3e550e1b9e19dde99b63c9b0dd32a3454.png")
为细胞内离子浓度（摩每立方米）![\ R](/Images/godic/202501/15/c97811b12c3a42dc75d17140400c4f353454.png")
为气体常数（焦每开尔文每摩）![\ T](/Images/godic/202501/15/c26e071b57ddece0b9834fc1f4de65cc3454.png")
为温度（开尔文）![\ F](/Images/godic/202501/15/bcf9798dc8df3db3ad0b17e773b5070a3454.png")
为法拉第常数（库伦每摩）