飞轮（flywheel）是在旋转运动中用于储存旋转动能的一种机械装置。飞轮倾向于抵抗转速的改变，当动力源对旋转轴作用有一个变动的力矩时（例如往复式发动机），或是应用在间歇性负载时（例如活塞或冲床），飞轮可以减小转速的波动，使旋转运动更加平顺。

有些测试需要间歇性的高功率输出，若此功率直接由电力系统提供，可能会造成不想要的电流突波。若配合飞轮使用，当输入功较输出功大时，飞轮会将多余能量转换为本身的动能，同时使飞轮加速；当输入功较输出功小时，飞轮会减速，释放的动能即可成为功率的输出。

飞轮通常由钢制成，并在传统的轴承上旋转;旋转速率一般仅限于几千RPM。一些现代的飞轮是用碳纤维材料制成的，并采用磁性轴承，使它们的旋转速度能够高达60,000 RPM。

A flywheel is a rotating mechanical device that is used to store rotational energy. Flywheels have an inertia called the moment of inertia and thus resist changes in rotational speed. The amount of energy stored in a flywheel is proportional to the square of its rotational speed. Energy is transferred to a flywheel by the application of a torque to it, thereby increasing its rotational speed, and hence its stored energy. Conversely, a flywheel releases stored energy by applying torque to a mechanical load, thereby decreasing the flywheel's rotational speed.