外弹道是研究弹丸在离开身管后的运动和行为的学科。外弹道学研究对于非制导武器的瞄准有着重要作用。俗称的弹道一般指外弹道。

External ballistics or exterior ballistics is the part of ballistics that deals with the behavior of a non-powered projectile in flight.

External ballistics is frequently associated with firearms, and deals with the unpowered free-flight phase of the bullet after it exits the barrel and before it hits the target, so it lies between transitional ballistics and terminal ballistics.