扁头泥蜂（学名：Ampulex compressa）属膜翅目细腰亚目长背泥蜂科，以控制蟑螂繁殖而知名。扁头泥蜂身黑而长，表面带有绿宝石般的金属光泽，体型不大。

主要分布于南亚、非洲、太平洋三大岛群等热带地域，特别是气温较高的时期成虫较多。

1941年，美国生物学家F.X. Williams曾把扁头泥蜂从美国本土引进夏威夷，试图以此来防治蟑螂，但最后失败了。

The emerald cockroach wasp or jewel wasp (Ampulex compressa) is a solitary wasp of the family Ampulicidae. It is known for its unusual reproductive behavior, which involves stinging a cockroach and using it as a host for its larvae. It thus belongs to the entomophagous parasites.