emerging economies

As you know, India and China are two great civilized nations, also two emerging economies.

Reversing the flow of hot money out of emerging economies into the U. S. economy would also, quite possibly, strengthen the U. S. dollar.

If there was a worry, it was that emerging economies would grow too quickly, inflating commodity prices.

The Federal Reserve has taken the lead with its imaginative expansion of swap arrangements with central banks in a few emerging economies.

'For China it is an important goal for emerging economies to be able to produce cooperation and unity, ' he said.

Whether emerging economies develop fast enough to start denting this figure will be one of the defining themes of the next decade.

"Emerging economies are getting stronger, " Mr. Tsai said. "The industry dynamic is always evolving. Anything can happen. "

Across the emerging economies, the plan of attack seems to be to keep quiet and pass the ammunition.

Without such a shift or some creative thinking, it is hard to see the fund winning more legitimacy among emerging economies.

US delegate Jonathan Pershing said the draft failed to address the issue of carbon emissions by emerging economies.

Yet emerging economies' reliance on America is often exaggerated.

In many ways, it is a reflection of the changing power toward emerging economies and away from developed nations like the U. S. and Europe.

At the talks, the issue of how the developed world will pay for climate saving measures by emerging economies is at the top of the agenda.

That was the beginning of the eurodollar markets and of large-scale lending to emerging economies.

And if America were able to emulate the emerging economies' export-led growth, it would not need to borrow their industrial policies.

There may well have been structural improvements in emerging economies, but just now markets are having none of it.

But America is less important as a locomotive for global growth than it used to be, thanks to the greater vigour of emerging economies.

One would expect emerging economies' money supply to outpace that of the rich world, because their GDP growth is faster.

Although the bank expected Asia's emerging economies as a whole to grow by 3 per cent, that figure masked wide variations between countries.

Unemployment is running high in major developed economies and inflationary pressure is building up in emerging economies.

Over the next decade, growth in emerging economies is expected to be more than three times faster than growth in advanced economies.

As America stumbles, growth in emerging economies seems to be holding up well.

Specifically, the beneficial spillover impact of a unit of growth in emerging economies varies a great deal from country to country.

The emerging economies' desire to squeeze more subsidy cuts out of the Americans is understandable.

Big chunks of that money are beginning to flow into countries such as China, India, Russia and the emerging economies of eastern Europe.

' Emerging economies also don't have the same costs as developed nations from regulations on carbon-dioxide emissions, he said.

Meanwhile, Mr. Dai said, the yuan and other currencies of emerging economies will eventually become international currencies.

Since 2000, world GDP per head has grown by an average of 3. 2% a year, thanks to the acceleration in emerging economies.

This does not mean emerging economies will grow fast enough to make up for the whole of a fall in America's output.

The bank warned that if not addressed immediately, a crash in the property market may derail economic growth in emerging economies.

But, given the continued rapid growth of emerging economies, they cannot be sure of that.

From a climate standpoint, he continues, the agreement lays the foundation for bringing emerging economies into a global climate agreement.

But the statistics temper somewhat the view of the economic power of big emerging economies, he said.

It would not be in the national interest of both developed countries and emerging economies.

So far, U. S. firms are lukewarm about the Doha Round because it seems to offer little from the large emerging economies, especially China.

Helping emerging economies through a crisis for which most have no responsibility whatsoever is a necessity.

The first development was the shift of emerging economies into a large surplus of savings over investment.

It isn't clear that emerging economies are ready to agree on a single candidate.

Barroso's comments cut to the heart of the standoff between industrialised countries and the emerging economies.

Any fall in aid would come on top of a dramatic outflow of private capital from emerging economies since the crisis started.

But some have wondered whether the fast-emerging economies like China, India and Brazil should be in a new category inbetween the two.

When BarCap put out a note in mid-January on what $120 oil would mean for Asia's emerging economies, it seemed like a distant prospect.

Due to the disorderly flow of international capital, emerging economies were reluctant to open capital account. 10 years later, U.

Still, there may be other reasons why football, with its notoriously murky finances, feels more comfortable in the emerging economies.

The total amount of American banks' loans to emerging economies is a fifth of the total lent to those markets by European firms.

Companies with a strong presence in emerging economies have the rosiest prospects.

Instead of all the futile bleating, what was needed was a co-ordinated appreciation of the the currencies of the emerging economies.

For these reasons, emerging economies must often raise interest rates in the teeth of a slowdown in an effort to defend their currencies.

France says taming food price volatility is one of its major goals as current head of the Group of 20 leading and emerging economies.

But some of the emerging economies should still be able to sustain reasonably rapid growth.

To help them cope with inflows of money, emerging economies may introduce capital controls.

Now, in the case of China in particular and several other "emerging" economies in general, it has become so inaccurate as to be misleading.

Granted, China has plenty of important companies which do not need to worry about their business disappearing to other emerging economies.

And that is an important reason why the outlook for many emerging economies is better than it was a couple of months ago.

Emerging economies have no interest in destabilizing Europe, given its importance as an export market.

The recent global crisis did not derail the rise of emerging economies, it accelerated it.

companies in the two largest emerging economies in the world are beginning to hunt intensively for business in each other's markets.

Emerging economies increasingly count as a threat to established global firms, as well as an opportunity.

Those emerging economies haven't given in, and the result has been a stalemate.

BRIC is now also used as a more generic marketing term to refer to these four emerging economies.

The local media frequently quote factory owners as saying that it is easier to sell goods in other emerging economies than it is at home.

But many emerging economies in Latin America and Africa would also be hurt, he said, because they sell masses of commodities to China.

Development that unleashes broader prosperity and builds the next generation of entrepreneurs and emerging economies.

WHEN a consumer-goods company casts around for the best growth prospects, rarely does anything look more promising than emerging economies.

The various emerging economies are in different states of readiness, but the cumulative impact of all this will be enormous.

Not so long ago, the rich world used to regard emerging economies as risky and unstable.

Emerging economies, especially in Asia, have had to deal with rising prices for food and other essential commodities.

That has big implications for the long list of Western firms desperate to gain more exposures to emerging economies.

This survey will argue that all of these puzzles can be explained by the growing impact of emerging economies.

Because emerging economies' supply of financial instruments is so unreliable, people may hoard more of them as a precautionary measure.

Prudent emerging economies have taken advantage of a growing acceptance of their currencies.

Executives in emerging economies had a different and optimistic story to tell.

But emerging economies like China insist on keeping their own currencies cheap against the dollar, to help their exports.

In emerging economies, the whole country has identified technology as the way out, the train to get on.

While most of Ms Lagarde's to-do list applied to Europe and America, the big emerging economies were not let off the hook.

Opinions on which emerging economies will outperform in the next 12 months vary.

The growth of a new middle class in emerging economies can fuel the next wave of global demand.

World leaders attending are reported to have agreed to give emerging economies more of a say.

At some stage there will have to be a deal between advanced and emerging economies.

Brazil, China, India and Russia, the four largest emerging economies, cluster at the bottom of the table.

Mr. Blanchard says that's temporary and that the challenges of handling too much money flowing into emerging economies will resurface.

Unlike the developed economies, most major emerging economies do face rising wages and income growth due to a shortage of skilled labour.

But with emerging economies now firmly at the top table of international finance, such an overhaul has become much more likely.

Controversy over the extent of human responsibility didn't help, but resistance by large emerging economies was the stumbling block.

Elsewhere, inflation is still modest by the standards of emerging economies. But pressure is building.

But a global flu pandemic would likely impede recovery from the recession, especially for emerging economies dependent on trade and tourism.

In aggregate, however, this can only happen if emerging economies shift towards current account deficit.

Some emerging economies exhibit this kind of improvement in other dimensions of governance as well.

Britain is due to host the next financial crisis summit of the G-20 group of industrialized and emerging economies in April.

The company cited strong demand from businesses and customers in emerging economies.

We are likely to grow at about half the rate of the major emerging economies, but about twice the rate of Europe and Japan.

Emerging economies were hit harder than optimists expected, but responded better than pessimists feared.

Second, effective policy will require big changes in incentives across the globe, including, not least, in the large emerging economies.

And it has left a growing gap between the growth trajectories of the large developed economies and the rapidly growing emerging economies.

McKinsey says the main driver of this turnround is emerging economies embarking on one of the biggest building booms in history.

Thus, by many measures of competitiveness, Europe appears to be coping better with the emerging economies than America.

Governments in many emerging economies concluded that in an era of financial globalisation safety lay in piling up huge reserves.

IMF chief Strauss-Kahn said he supports not only the increase in resources but also more voting power within the IMF for emerging economies.

Just as emerging economies are shaping the direction of global trade, so they will increasingly shape the future of finance.

It called for the governments of wealthy nations and emerging economies to help meet the shortfall.

They have been able to invest in new and highly profitable projects in emerging economies.

The various emerging economies are in different states ofreadiness, but the cumulative impact of all this will be enormous.

Britain is to host the next financial crisis summit of the G-20 group of industrialized and emerging economies.

The next goal for many European firms is to move even quicker into fast-growing emerging economies.

If consumer and business confidence does not fizzle, growth in emerging economies is likely to continue its upward trend.

The crisis has underscored the growing importance of the large emerging economies, especially China and India, but others as well.

The urbanization and industrialisation of the emerging economies is construction- and manufacturing- intensive .

This anaemic performance is not, however, matched in much of Asia's emerging economies and oil producers, where expansion has barely dimmed.

A human in the emerging economies consumes half as much and requires on third the land area.

In the case of the emerging economies, the answer is that they have been intervening in their currency markets on a simply enormous scale.

The idea of decoupling lives on, but that does not mean sustained prosperity in the big emerging economies is a foregone conclusion.

Emerging economies are suffering too, as commodity prices fall and capital flees faster than in those countries' own crises of a decade ago.

However, a few emerging economies have more creative unemployment-insurance schemes than anything in the rich world.

However, delegates exempted emerging economies like China, India and Brazil, which are now among the world's largest emitters.

Most crisis-hit emerging economies experienced huge recessions and a tidal wave of insolvencies.

Elsewhere, inflation is still modest by the standards of emerging economies.

The stock market rallies that will result will be based largely on the strength of these emerging economies.

Jim O'Neill has always been an optimist about the prospects for the leading emerging economies.

Asias emerging economies are already leading the way for a recovery, or was there a recession at all?

First, foreign currency reserves proved their worth during the crisis, which left emerging economies surprisingly unaffected.

With that in place other emerging economies can then allow more flexibility in their currencies.

A gaping growth gap between the emerging and rich worlds will, of course, shift economic heft more quickly towards emerging economies.

Thanks to the bigger, friendlier new IMF, emerging economies can count on more outside support than they used to.

Brazil's moves last week to stem the rise of its currency reflect the growing anxiety in many emerging economies about inflows of hot money.

Inflation was under control and China would suffer less than other emerging economies from capital inflows.

Rich countries' trade statistics tend to be more reliable than those of emerging economies, where data collection is less developed.

If you look at the main emerging economies, it is only really China and India that are continuing to grow strongly.

The "Great Recession" has transformed the governance of the world economy: emerging economies are now equal partners.

However, emerging economies are expected to come under pressure at Heiligendamm on economic protectionism and climate change issues.

By allowing their currencies to move more freely against the greenback, emerging economies can insulate themselves from the Fed's decisions.

Several large emerging economies have been critical of the longstanding tradition of the IMF being led by Europeans.

So the gloom over trade may be overdone; but Britain still needs to get a lot better at exporting, especially to emerging economies.

First, governments are much more indebted, compared both with their recent past and with fast-growing emerging economies.

Decoupling 2. 0 is a narrower phenomenon, confined to a few of the biggest, and least indebted, emerging economies.

Broadly, emerging economies are also seeing a freer flow of capital, thanks to globalisation as much as to the removal of restrictions.

The flight of private capital means emerging economies with current-account deficits face a drought of financing as well as export earnings.

A group of rapidly growing, emerging economies, led by Brazil and India, has proposed tariff cuts much smaller than the U. S. offer.

But other experts are looking at potential candidates outside Europe - including emerging economies like China or Brazil.

they want faster progress on a planned overhaul of emerging economies' voting rights within the institution.

The vigorous driving force of a new growth cycle will originate from the newly emerging economies including China.

But to generate growth in emerging economies, which have fewer resources, GE is learning to think small.

Yet in many ways Turkey has weathered the credit crunch better than other emerging economies.

The world would be better served by policies that both improve rich countries' prospects and reorient growth in emerging economies.

The doubling of food prices in many emerging economies in the past year hits the poor hardest, fuelling poverty, inequality and resentment.

However, blameless emerging economies, especially small, open ones, would also find domestic monetary stability hard to maintain.

Asia's emerging economies are recovering much more quickly than economies in other parts of the world.

But the productivity story is not just about opportunities for emerging economies and challenges for the developed world.

Emerging economies' rising foreign reserves therefore push the yen down against the euro, regardless of fair-value calculations.

Within the emerging economies, the big shifts were in Asia and in the oil exporting countries (see chart).

While China's exports to emerging economies grow rapidly, they account for just one-third of those lost to developed economies, Wei said.

Mr Rodrik is, in effect, asking technocrats in emerging economies to emulate the venture capitalists of Silicon Valley.

When Lehman Brothers collapsed, emerging economies ground to a halt, forcing government to step in with stimulus.

Over the five years to 2007, emerging economies grew by an annual average of more than 7%.

Financial crises used to start in the developing or emerging economies: in Latin America, Asia or Russia.

Yesterday, Beijing warned that the US policy could swamp emerging economies with destabilising inflows of speculative capital.

Whether emerging economies decouple from the US in the current cycle is merely a sideshow if you look beyond the next 12 months.

Emerging economies have denounced the money glut as currency warfare, and have fought back with capital controls.

And China is only one among scores of emerging economies that look set to prosper.

For several years, emerging economies had been making fewer and fewer demands on its rescue services (see chart 1).

Money is pouring into the hot emerging economies, creating inflationary pressure that policy makers are having trouble containing.

In many emerging economies, the lagging performances of the stock markets have not necessarily pointed to slower overall growth.

If emerging economies remain resistant to an American recession and commodity prices stay strong, America's exporting regions will benefit.

Problems in Greece and consequential contagion in Europe might only aggravate capital flows to emerging economies.

With the emerging economies being much more commodity intensive, the demand for commodities is expected to remain strong.

But a proposal for Europe to surrender some seats on the I. M. F. 's board to emerging economies ran into resistance.

Commodity prices, too, will continue to feel the effect of the emerging economies' increased importance.

The first hurdle is settling on a candidate acceptable to a large number of big emerging economies.

But now demand from emerging economies is helping to prop up rich-world exports to a larger degree than is commonly realised.

Portugal has lost export-market share to emerging economies (including those of eastern Europe) that churn out similar low-value products.

These tactics are nothing new, especially among the emerging economies of Asia.

China and Russia, both as fast-growing emerging economies, are devoted to promoting economic restructuring and accelerate modernization.

Emerging economies, however, failed to unite behind a single candidate as Russia and Mexico declared their support for Dr Kim.

While the issue reached critical mass in emerging economies such as China, it is not the only country that has lobbied for a change.

They do this by shutting down their own factories and importing goods from China or other emerging economies.

Are emerging economies able to withstand the downturn?

His words were aimed at rich-country central banks, but policymakers in emerging economies are the ones who should most take heed.

More important, there were different priorities for the industrialised countries and emerging economies.

Unemployment in major advanced economies remains high, while emerging economies are facing upward inflationary pressure.

After all, emerging economies have come out of the 2008-09 crisis growing much faster than the developed world.

Emerging economies that have been greedily buying America's wares now have troubles of their own.

The gathering unease has left global investors less willing to tolerate the risks associated with volatile emerging economies.

Emerging economies are confronted with the pressure of massive capital inflow, lagging domestic demand and rising inflation risks.

Since then, the share of its exports to America has shrunk; the European Union and other emerging economies are now more important markets.

Even in booming emerging economies core consumer prices are rising much more slowly than they were in 2008.

But most studies show that fiscal multipliers are small in emerging economies, especially over the medium term.

Even in the best managed emerging economies, aggregate risk management is being done with stone-age instruments and methods.

Are the vast fortunes being made in emerging economies the result of productive entrepreneurship or of rent-seeking?

The emerging economies, with bulging foreign exchange reserves, continue to grow vigorously on investment expenditure.

But the evidence on the benefits of liberalisation in emerging economies, though not absent, is not as strong as proponents desire.

Part of the reason that the IMF needs more money is the flight of private capital from emerging economies.

Many OEM machine builders are also moving close to these emerging economies.

China exports more to other emerging economies, which as a group now send more to China than to America.

Real interest rates are negative in two-thirds of the 25 emerging economies tracked by The Economist.

Policy decisions will also influence the relative strength of the recoveries in the emerging economies versus the rich world.

To stop prices accelerating, most emerging economies will need tighter policies next year.

If the world economy were to collapse, emerging economies have scope to ease policy.

But with the rapid urbanization and industrialisation of emerging economies continuing apace, few see an early end to the super-cycle.

The big investment banks are also active in emerging economies but may find the going increasingly tough as local banks get better.

Otellini said, were in sales activities in emerging economies and designing chips for laptop computers and other mobile products.

Emerging economies struggle to fight business cycles partly because theirs are more pronounced.

The old-schoolers now find themselves wishing for both a run of bad vintages and a downturn in the emerging economies.

It says it will support a second commitment only if the Durban summit agrees binding cuts for the emerging economies.

But if broadly correct, this could be a relatively mild downturn for emerging economies.

Persistent relative strength in emerging economies, especially China, suggests that commodity prices will stay stable or firm.

Indeed, rather than raising doubts about the emerging economies, the stockmarket excesses perhaps raise doubts about the markets themselves.

Weaker global outlook could lead some developed and emerging economies outside Europe to expand fiscal stimulus to sustain private demand.

Emerging economies' comparative advantage will largely remain in labour-intensive industries.

The UK bank says: "This creates the risk that in emerging economies inflation shocks turn into self-perpetuating inflation processes. "

The past few years have reinforced the suspicion of many that the story of the century will be the inexorable rise of emerging economies.

The strategic partnership creates the opportunity for joint ventures and project development in emerging economies.

Central banks in most emerging economies have responded by raising interest rates and imposing quantitative controls on bank lending.

Indeed, many emerging economies are now suppliers of capital to the rest of the world, not borrowers.

I think this is especially likely in emerging economies with a strong commodity-export sector.

In recent years many emerging economies have shifted from exchange-rate pegs to a "managed float" .

As construction booms in emerging economies and more sources dry up, however, exploitation of the remaining ones is likely to intensify.

Asia's emerging economies are leading the way out of recession; now they must make their recovery last.

But equally vital for his or her tenure will be reshaping the organization to ensure emerging economies are fully engaged.

Emerging economies feel no responsibility for the crisis, even as they suffered from it.

Because of the co-ordinated action the G20 took then, the global economy began to grow again. Emerging economies rebounded.

All the main Asian emerging economies apart from India have relatively low ratios of public debt to GDP.

Many other emerging economies, especially in Asia, are reluctant to risk their competitiveness by letting their currencies rise by much.

This time, most emerging economies have been running huge current account surpluses.

Western leaders are worried efforts by emerging economies to weaken their currencies could derail the fragile economic recovery.

The strength of demand in emerging economies does not entirely explain the rise in commodity prices.

Fast-growing emerging economies have supported the recovery in developed economies, which has sustained demand for exports.

Just like America during its take-off in the late 19th century, emerging economies tend to be subject to economic ups and downs.

Finally, equity market valuations in many emerging economies are extremely cheap by historical standards.

Many emerging economies, often at the IMF's behest, have limited their fiscal flexibility by introducing clear budget rules.

Rapidly rising commodity prices help cause high inflation in emerging economies and stagflation in advanced countries.

According to the fund, the bonds will give emerging economies access to "a safe investment instrument with reasonable return" .

In particular, the new ascendancy of the emerging economies has changed the relative returns to labour and capital.

The worry is that if several large emerging economies needed to turn to the IMF at once, the latter's resources could prove inadequate.

Money managers enthuse about a fundamental shift under way, a transfer of power from developed to emerging economies.

In the short term, some of the hardest-hit emerging economies will be in eastern Europe.

Europe fought two debt crises, and emerging economies tried to fend off potential inflation risks.

Thanks to better economic management and the boom in commodity prices, several emerging economies have enviably strong public finances.

Taking a longer-term perspective, the stock market winners of the decade are also those in emerging economies.

Certainly, many of these emerging economies carry with them a considerable amount of political risk.

Endeavor is a non-profit group based in New York dedicated to promoting entrepreneurship in emerging economies.

Big emerging economies are in the best shape, with strong growth in domestic demand and scant spare capacity.

Most of the emerging economies are preferred destinations for industrial and manufacturing plant set up by developed countries.

Central banks and regulators in emerging economies have already imposed a host of measures to cool property prices and capital inflows.

Industrial production growth decelerated, as in other emerging economies.

The new leadership should also continue increasing the influence of emerging economies in the organisation's governing bodies.

Although emerging economies are growing faster than the richer world, their bourses have largely struggled to outperform developed markets.

Most emerging economies' large reserves will help to keep them out of danger.

Booming middle classes in Brazil, China, India and other emerging economies are creating legions of new international travelers.

But only three of the emerging economies, Indonesia, South Korea and Australia, explicitly committed to the 50 percent reduction plan.

As with many debt crises in emerging economies in the post-war period, the euro crisis was born of the preceding boom's excesses.

China, unlike many emerging economies, does not need foreigners' money.