| 单词 | evidential |
| 释义 |
例句释义: 提供证据的,作证的,可作证据的,证据性的,基于证据的 1. Evidential study went through from the perspective of typology to that of cognition, epistemic modality, narratology and pragmatics. 言据性研究经历了从拓扑学角度到认知、认知情态、叙事学和语用学等角度的历程。 202.119.108.211 2. Any non-Chinese materials without attaching a Chinese translation shall not be considered as valid and lawful evidential material. 非中文资料如未附有中文译文将不被视为有效的和合法的证据材料。 www.showxiu.com 3. The article has made a relatively complete dissertation on performance management and practically evidential exploration. 本文对绩效管理做了较为全面的论述，并结合本单位实际进行了实证探索。 dictsearch.appspot.com 4. In a sense, auditing is evidential . The improvement of auditing process should take into account basic evidence theory. 一定意义上来说，审计过程是一个证据的过程，故此，审计过程的改进也应该考虑证据的基本理论。 dictsearch.appspot.com 5. The first part of this article introduction evidential burden assignment theory outline. 本文第一部分介绍举证责任分配理论概述。 www.13191.com 6. The MOFCOM may, in the absence of substantial content, order the interested party to supplement relevant content and evidential materials. 未表达实质内容的，商务部可以要求其补充相关内容和证据资料。 dictsearch.appspot.com 7. To the auxiliary verb, adopt the method listing then, having analysed several auxiliary verbs' evidential shows. 对于助动词，则采用列举的方法，分析几个助动词的传信表现。 dictsearch.appspot.com 8. To declare credits, a creditor shall explain the relevant matters and provide relevant evidential materials. 债权人申报债权，应当说明债权的有关事项，并提供证明材料。 dictsearch.appspot.com 9. And it shall issue relevant evidential documents to those that are found to be qualified upon examination. 对检验合格的，行政机关应当发给相应的证明文件。 bbs.fanyijia.com 10. The names of witnesses and the entity they work for shall be indicated in the testing report of evidential testing. 见证取样检测的检测报告中应当注明见证人单位及姓名。 www.edu114.cn 1. From the view of the multiple sensor information fusion, a method of solving uncertainty problem-evidential theory is studied principally. 从多传感器信息融合的角度出发，重点研究了一种解决不确定性问题的有力方法-证据理论方法。 www.chemyq.com 2. Therefore no matter records or archives, their evidential attribute cannot become an essential attribute that differ from each other. 因此，无论对于文件还是档案，凭证属性都不可能成为相互区别于对方的本质属性。 www.showxiu.com 3. There are four research methods in this paper: evidential analysis, logical demonstration , comparative analysis and normal analysis. 本文主要采用实证分析法、逻辑论证法、比较分析法及规范分析法等研究方法。 www.lw23.com 4. D-S An evidential reasoning approach is proposed to evaluate the project of multi-reservoir flood control. 提出了利用D-S证据推理方法，对多水库联合防洪调度方案进行评价。 dictsearch.appspot.com 5. Explanation of "Evidential Fact is not Evidence" “证据事实并非证据”释义 ilib.cn 6. It does not agree with social circumstances or lead to expected evidential effect. 既与我国社会环境不相融合，又无法产生预期的证明效果。 www.ceps.com.tw 7. Note areas on the sketch where photographs are taken and items of evidential value are found. 注意的地方，素描那里的照片，是采取和项目的证据价值被发现。 gdpccsi.blog.163.com 8. This ia an evidential signs of a forced entry. 这是武力入侵的明证。 www.59edu.com 9. The letter of demurral shall include specific claims, be supported by facts and be accompanied by relevant evidential materials. 商标异议书应当有明确的请求和事实依据，并附送有关证据材料。 dictsearch.appspot.com 10. This is the evidential function. Evidentiality is a inherent syntax category, the same as tense, mood and modality. 传信范畴与时体范畴、语气范畴、情态范畴一样，也是语言所固有的一个语法范畴。 dictsearch.appspot.com 1. Therefore, the principle of inverted evidential burden can not be applied to the litigations over trade secret infringements. 果彼，反在商业秘密侵权诉讼中出无能实行举证义务反放； www.qk114.net 2. So we can see an evidential reason for the selection of the miracles as narrated in the Gospels. 所以我们可以看到一个证据的原因，选择奇迹的叙述中的福音。 word.hcbus.com 3. of belief function, the process of founding a generic evidential model is described for kinds of uncertainty in this paper. 本文通过扩展信任函数的相容性关系，探索性地描述了一个适用于各种不确定性的通用证据模型的建立过程。 www.showxiu.com 4. One way or the other, China is determined to close the gaps with the West, and it has becoming more and more evidential. 无论如何，中国下了决心要与西方缩小差距，现在已越来越明显了。 www.nawomen.com 5. The Evidential Burden of the Case of Illicit Income and its Handling Principles 非法所得案件的举证责任及处理原则 211.151.89.183:8089 6. A Comparison between the Evidential Attributes of the Litigation Assistant's Opinions and Forensic Expertise Conclusions 诉讼辅助人意见与鉴定结论证据属性比较研究 www.ilib.cn 7. Evidential Value of Electronic Documents in a Case of Judicial Judgment 从一起司法审判看电子文件的证据性 www.ilib.cn 8. On Evidential Status of Expert Conclusion and Its Confrontation, Authentication 鉴定结论的证据地位及其质证、认证 www.ilib.cn 9. The Evidential Value of Forensic Document Examination Conclusions and Its Realization 文件检验结论的证据价值及其实现 www.ilib.cn 10. An Evidential-reasoning-based Optimization Model to Select Collaborating Partners of Agile Virtual Enterprises 基于证据推理的动态联盟伙伴选择优化模型 ilib.cn 1. An evidential statistical inference method of hydrologic characteristic parameters 水文特性参数的证据统计推断方法 service.ilib.cn 2. On the Discussion of "The Inversion Principle of Evidential Responsibility" in Medical Dispute 关于医疗纠纷中“举证责任倒置”热点问题的探讨 service.ilib.cn 3. Reliability Evaluation of Turbocharged Diesel Engine System Using Fuzzy Sets and Evidential Reasoning 基于模糊推理方法的涡轮增压柴油机系统可靠性评估 ilib.cn 4. failing to set up and keep account books , evidential documents and relevant records as prescribed in article 11 三产制厂商未依第十一条规定设置或保存帐簿、凭证或会计纪录者。 www.ichacha.net 5. The relevant evidential documents about the modification registration of the taxpayer; 纳税人变更登记内容的有关证明文件； dictsearch.appspot.com 6. On Rule of Distribution of Evidential Burden in Criminal Private Prosecution Cases of Intellectual Property Right 论知识产权刑事自诉案件中举证责任的分配原则 www.ilib.cn 7. Determination of breath alcohol concentration - Part 2: Specification of evidential breath measuring instruments 呼气酒精浓度测量.第2部分：证实呼气酒精测量仪的要求 www.mapeng.net 8. Documents of approval of the administrative organ or evidential documents; 行政机关的批准文件或者证明文件； www.chinalawedu.com 9. The evidential materials proving the ownership or use right of the business place; （六）营业场所所有权或使用权的证明材料； www.bing.com 10. On the evidential method in arbitration agreement for international commercial affairs 论国际商事仲裁协议的准据法 service.ilib.cn 1. On The System of Evidential Disclosure Established in The Criminal Procedure law 试论我国刑事诉讼中证据开示制度的建立 www.ilib.cn 2. The New Explanation of the Evidential Standard for Criminal Public Prosecution 提起公诉的证明标准新释 www.ilib.cn 3. Reform on International Regulations of Evidential System and China's Criminal Evidential System 证据制度国际性准则与中国刑事证据制度改革 www.ilib.cn 4. Application of D-S evidential reasoning to the comprehensive fault diagnosis of rotating machine 证据理论在旋转机械综合故障诊断中应用 www.ilib.cn 5. Characteristics of Accounting Data and Their Evidential Effects in Economic Crimes 试论会计资料的特点及其在经济犯罪案件证明中的作用 www.ilib.cn 6. determination of breath alcohol concentration - part 2 : specification of evidential breath analyzers 呼气酒精浓度测量.第2部分：证实呼气酒精测量仪的规范 www.ichacha.net 7. Ponderation over the Evidence and the Evidential Burden of Unidentified Source of Huge Property Case 对巨额财产来源不明案的证据和举证责任的思考 211.151.89.183:8089 8. determination of the breath alcohol concentration - part 4 : testing of evidential breath analyzers by using calibration gas 呼气酒精浓度测量.第4部分：使用校验气体证实呼气酒精 www.ichacha.net 9. The Thoughts on Evidential Law of Electronic Contract 电子合同的证据法学之思考 scholar.ilib.cn 10. Legal liability and evidential function of medical act in medical expert testimony 医疗行为在伤情鉴定中的证据作用及法律责任 service.ilib.cn 1. The Evidential Status of Oral Evidence and its Admissibility 口供的证据地位及其可采性 service.ilib.cn 2. Solutions to the issue of Accessory Evidential Administrative Act in Litigation 论诉讼中附属证据性行政行为问题的解决 211.151.89.183:8089 3. Reliability Evaluation of Weapon System Using Fuzzy Sets and Evidential Reasoning 基于模糊集和证据推理方法的武器系统可靠性评估 www.ilib.cn 4. Research on equity in assigning the evidential burden in medical infringement lawsuits 医疗侵权诉讼中举证责任分配的公平性研究 www.ilib.cn 5. The Partaking of Evidential Burden in Chinese Administrative Procedure 试论我国行政诉讼中举证责任的分担 www.ilib.cn 6. Determination of breath alcohol concentration - Part 4: Testing of evidential breath measuring instruments by using calibration gas 呼气酒精浓度测量.第4部分：作为证据的使用校验气体的呼气酒精测量仪的检验 www.mapeng.net 7. To discuss inversion of evidential burden in considering medical staff's awareness of evidence 从医务人员的证据意识谈举证责任倒置 www.ilib.cn 8. A Brief Talk on the Establishment of the Evidential Demonstration System 浅论我国证据展示制度的构建 www.ilib.cn 9. Application of Evidential Theory for Rotation Machine Fault Diagnosis 证据理论在旋转机械故障诊断中应用 www.ilib.cn 10. on evidential regulations in administrative lawsuit 论行政诉讼证据提供规则 www.ichacha.net 1. An Evidential Reasoning Approach to Transformer Fault Diagnosis 基于证据推理的电力变压器故障诊断策略 ilib.cn 2. Approach to Evidential Reasoning in Teaching Quality Evaluation 证据推理在教学质量评价中的应用 www.ilib.cn 3. An Evidential Reasoning Approach for Partner Selection in Dynamic Alliance 动态联盟中伙伴选择的证据推理方法 ilib.cn 4. Rethinking the Rule of Distribution of Evidential Burden in Our Law of Civil Procedure 对我国民事举证责任分配规则的反思 www.ilib.cn 5. The Legal stipulation and Discretion of Criminal Evidential Capacity 刑事证据能力的法定与裁量 211.151.89.183:8089 6. An Evidential Analysis on the Rural Urbanization Development in Chongqing 重庆市农村城镇化发展的实证分析 ilib.cn 7. A Study of Evidential Attribute for Archives 档案凭证属性来源的研究 www.ilib.cn 8. The Assessment of Support Capability for Engineering Practice by D-S Evidential Theory 基于D-S证据理论的工程实践保障能力的评估 service.ilib.cn 9. On the Problem of Value in Limitation of Evidential Proof and its Application 民事举证时限制度价值与适用问题的探讨 service.ilib.cn 10. Research on load forecasting of fusion between D-S evidential theory improved BP network D-S证据理论融合改进BP网络的短期负荷预测研究 www.ilib.cn 1. Application of D-S Evidential Reasoning to the Fault Diagnosis of Aviation Engine D-S证据理论在航空发动机故障诊断中的应用研究 www.ilib.cn 2. Analysis on Evidential Function about Conclusion of Lie Detecting 测谎结论的证据价值分析 www.ilib.cn 3. Application of D-S Evidential Theory to Compound Vibration Recognition D-S理论在复合振动识别中的应用 ilib.cn 4. Several Problems of Evidential Legislation 关于证据立法的若干问题 www.ilib.cn 5. On Chinese Public and Private Documents and Their Evidential Effects 我国公、私文书及其证明力之探讨 www.lawinfochina.com 6. An Arithmetic of Evaluating the Evidential Certainty Factor 证据确定性因子求取的算法 www.wanfangdata.com.cn 7. Analysis of Conflict Evidence Combination about D-S Evidential Theory D-S证据理论中冲突证据组合分析 www.ilib.cn 8. A Multi-criteria Classification Approach Based on Evidential Reasoning for Incomplete Information 基于证据推理的信息不完全的多准则分类方法 www.ilib.cn 9. Multi-criteria ranking approach based on evidential reasoning with incomplete certain information 基于证据推理的信息不完全的多准则排序方法 service.ilib.cn 10. The Practical Method of Dynamically Evaluating the Comprehensive Performance Based on Evidential Reasoning 一种基于证据理论的动态综合效绩评价实用方法 service.ilib.cn 1. The Research of Data Fusion from Multiple Sources by Evidential Reasoning 证据推理应用于多源信息融合分析 ilib.cn 2. Comparative Research on the Evidential Burden of Consumers 消费者举证责任的比较研究 www.ilib.cn 3. Application and Improvement of D-S Evidential Reasoning Theory in Data Fusion D-S证据理论在数据融合中的应用及改进 www.ilib.cn 4. A Jurisprudential Analysis on Several Basic Issues of Evidential Law 证据法若干基本问题的法哲学分析 211.151.89.183:8089 5. A Method of Comprehensive Evaluation with Subjective and Objective Information Based on Evidential Reasoning and Rough Set Theory 基于证据推理与粗集理论的主客观综合评价方法 ilib.cn 6. On the Legal Character of the Evidential Burden in Civil Affairs 论民事举证责任的法律性质 scholar.ilib.cn 7. On Evidential Rules on Criminal Identification 刑事辨认证据规则初探 scholar.ilib.cn 8. The Developments and Problems of D-S Evidential Reasoning in Data Fusion System D-S证据推理在信息融合应用中的存在问题及改进 www.ilib.cn 9. Spatial-Temporal Information Fusion for Multi-Source Node Cluster Based on D-S Evidential Theory and Fuzzy Integral of Support Degree 基于支持度D-S证据理论与模糊积分的多源节点簇信息时空融合 www.ilib.cn 10. Information Fusion Methods Based on Evidential Theory for Vehicle Integrated Navigation System 基于证据理论的车辆组合导航系统的信息融合 service.ilib.cn 1. Multi-sensor Information Fusion Theory Based on D-S Evidential Theory and Its Application on TI 基于D-S证据推理的多传感器信息融合技术在战场目标识别中的应用 www.ilib.cn 2. The Analysis of our Civil Evidential System 我国民事诉讼证据制度探析 www.ilib.cn 3. The Evidential Effect of Forensic Science Conclusions 浅谈司法鉴定的证据效力 www.ilib.cn 4. Application of D-S evidential theory in track-to-track correlation problem D-S证据理论在航迹关联问题中的应用 www.ilib.cn 5. Study on the Approach for Evaluation of Industrial Cluster Competitiveness Based on Fuzzy-Evidential Theory 运用模糊-证据理论对产业集群竞争力评估方法的研究 www.ilib.cn 6. Study of flood prediction based on multi-evidential fusion model 基于多证据融合模型的洪水预测研究 service.ilib.cn 7. Financial Institution's Evidential Burden in CD Dispute 论存单纠纷案件中金融机构的举证责任 www.ilib.cn 8. Study on Quality Evaluation of Satellite Reconnaissance Imagery Based on Evidential Entropy 基于证据熵的卫星侦察图像质量评估研究 service.ilib.cn 9. The Particularity of Drugs - Cases and the Features of Evidential Apply 毒品犯罪案件的特殊性及证据运用的特点 168.160.184.72 10. The Evidential Effects of Electronic Data in Network Crimes 电子数据在网络犯罪中的证据作用 ilib.cn 1. Study on Evaluation Method for Pavement Deterioration Causes Based on Expert System and Evidential Theory 基于专家系统和证据理论的路面破损原因评价方法研究 www.ilib.cn 2. Probe into Evidential Liability in Procedure 诉讼中证明责任探讨 211.151.89.183:8089 3. The Reasons and Evidential Requirement for Search 论搜查的理由及证据要求 service.ilib.cn 4. On-line Analyzing Boiler Air Preheater Fault with D-S Evidential Theory 应用D-S证据理论进行锅炉空气预热器在线故障分析 ilib.cn 5. Information fusion fault diagnosis technology based on combination of SVM and evidential theory SVM与证据理论集成的信息融合故障诊断技术研究 www.ilib.cn 6. Research on Multi-Source Information Fusion System Based on Wavelet Neural Network and Evidential Theory 基于小波网络和证据理论的多源信息融合系统研究 ilib.cn 7. Data Fusion Algorithm Based on D-S Evidential Theory and Its Application for Circuit Fault Diagnosis 基于D-S证据理论的数据融合算法及其在电路故障诊断中的应用 www.ilib.cn 8. Part image recognition based on wavelet-neural network and dempster-shafer evidential theory 基于小波神经网络和证据理论的零件图像识别 www.ilib.cn 9. Research on Date Fusion Target Recognition Method based on Dempster-shafer Evidential Theory 基于证据理论的多传感器信息融合目标识别方法 www.ilib.cn 10. Review on the Evidential Burden of Consumers in American 美国消费者的举证责任评析 www.ilib.cn 1. An Analysis of Evidential Effect of Suspending Witness 浅议悬赏证言的证据效力 ilib.com.cn 2. Two evidential Studies about Wang Yangming 有关王阳明的两个考证 www.ilib.cn 3. Research on invalidation of D-S evidential theory in data fusion D-S证据理论在数据融合中失效问题的研究 www.ilib.cn 4. Fault diagnosis method of integration of neural networks based on Dempster-Shafer evidential theory 基于证据理论的集成神经网络故障诊断方法 ilib.cn 5. The Method of Comprehensive Evaluation Based-on Evidential Theory for Industry Management 基于证据理论的企业管理水平综合评估方法 www.ilib.cn 6. Theoretical Basis of Evidential Science of Law 证据法学的理论基础 www.ilib.cn 7. Evidential studies in modern Chinese 试论现代汉语的言据性 www.ilib.cn 8. Evaluation Based on Evidential Theory for Knowledge Sharing Risk in Organization 一种基于证据理论的组织内知识共享风险评估方法 www.ilib.cn 9. Research on data fusion fault diagnosis method based on Dempster-Shafer evidential theory 基于证据理论的信息融合故障诊断方法 www.ilib.cn 10. Sliding Mode Control Based on Information Fusion of D-S Evidential Reasoning with Measuring Noise 量测噪声情况下基于D-S证据推理信息融合的滑模控制 www.ilib.cn 1. The Application of D-S Evidential Reasoning in Mechanical Fault Diangosis D-S证据推理在机械故障诊断中的应用 service.ilib.cn 2. Question on the evidential effect on electronic case 对电子病历证据效力的质疑 www.ilib.cn 3. Application of D-S Evidential Theory for Security System of Building D-S证据理论在楼宇安全系统中的应用 service.ilib.cn 4. An Evidential Study on the Value Sources in Annexing and Buying 有关并购中价值来源的一项实证研究 www.ilib.cn 5. The Diagnosis Method of the Electric Machines Fault Based on Evidential Theory 基于证据理论的电机故障诊断方法研究 service.ilib.cn 6. Identification method of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns based on neural network and D-S evidential theory 基于神经网络和D-S证据理论的气液两相流流型识别方法 www.ilib.cn 7. The institution, trading costs and market quality: theoretical and evidential research on securities market in China 交易制度、交易成本与市场质量：中国证券市场的理论与实证研究 qk.lib.cug.edu.cn 8. Mufti-sensor Target Identification in Battlefields Based on D-S Evidential Theory 基于D-S证据推理的多传感器战场目标识别 www.ilib.cn 9. Sliding Mode Control Based on Adaptive D-S Evidential Reasoning in the Presence of Measuring Noise 量测噪声情况下基于自适应D-S证据推理的滑模控制 ilib.cn 10. Study on the Multi-information Fusion Fault Diagnosis Based on Evidential Theory 基于证据理论的多信息融合故障诊断研究 www.ilib.cn 1. New Ideas of Criminal Evidential Rules in the View of Settling Criminal Dispute 消解冲突视野中的刑事证据规则新理念 www.ilib.cn 2. Discussion of Data Fusion Algorithm Based on D-S Evidential Theory and Fuzzy Mathematics 关于D-S证据理论和模糊数学的数据融合算法探讨 www.ilib.cn 3. Design of a New Controller Based on D-S Evidential Theory 一种基于D-S证据理论的控制器设计方法 www.ilib.cn 4. Evidential burden in press tort action 新闻侵权诉讼中的举证责任 ilib.cn 5. Fault Diagnosis Based on Integrated Neural Network and D-S Evidential Reasoning 基于神经网络与D-S证据理论的故障诊断 www.ilib.cn 6. A Synthetic Method for Situation Assessment Based on Fuzzy Logic and D-S Evidential Theory 基于模糊逻辑和D-S证据理论的一种态势估计方法 www.ilib.cn 7. Decision method for product type selection based on evidential theory 基于证据理论的产品选型决策方法 www.ilib.cn 8. The Choice of Supply Chain Partners based on Evidential Reasoning and Rough Set Theory 基于证据推理与粗集理论的供应链合作伙伴选择方法研究 www.ilib.cn 9. The Evidential Effect of Data Telegraph 析数据电文的证据效力 scholar.ilib.cn 10. Establish the System of Evidential Disclosure In China's Criminal Procedure 浅议刑事诉讼证据展示制度在我国的确立 ilib.cn 1. Interest Points Matching Algorithm Based on D-S Evidential Reasoning 基于证据理论的特征点匹配算法 ilib.cn 2. The Process of Founding a Generic Evidential Model Based on Extending Compatibility Relation 基于扩展相容性关系的通用证据模型建立过程 www.ilib.cn 3. The evidential burden or the burden of adducing evidence 与说服责任或证明负担 www.chinalawedu.com 4. Evidential Effects of Bill of Lading 提单的证据效力 www.bing.com 5. Fault Diagnosis in Hydraulic Turbines Based on D-S Evidential Reasoning 基于D-S证据推理的水轮机调速器故障诊断 service.ilib.cn 6. Evidential Reasoning of Knowledge Base System Based on Rough Set Theory 基于粗集理论的知识系统证据推理研究 www.ilib.cn 7. Study on method of evaluating optimum alliance based on evidential theory 基于证据理论的最佳联盟评价方法研究 ilib.cn 8. An Algorithm of Data Fusion Based on Neural Networks with DS Evidential Theory 一种基于神经网络和证据理论的信息融合算法 www.ilib.cn 9. Study on electronic circuit fault diagnosis based on D-S evidential theory 基于D-S融合的电子电路故障诊断研究 www.ilib.cn 10. An Analysis on the Structure of Criminal Evidential System 刑事证据体系的结构探究 www.ilib.cn 1. Rotor Fault Diagnosis Method of Induction Motor Based on D-S Evidential Theory 基于D-S证据理论的感应电动机转子故障诊断方法研究 www.ilib.cn 2. Custom Credit Assessment Based on D-S Evidential Reasoning 基于D-S证据融合的商业信用风险评价 scholar.ilib.cn 3. Target recognition based on fuzzy set theory and D-S evidential theory 基于模糊集理论和D-S证据推理的空袭目标识别 service.ilib.cn 4. The Part Image Recognition Based on Evidential Theory 基于证据理论的零件图像识别 www.ilib.cn 5. Fault Diagnosis of DC Machine Based on D-S Evidential Theory and BP Network 基于D-S证据理论和BP算法的直流电机故障诊断研究 www.ilib.cn 6. IR Small Target Recognition Based on the D-S Evidential Theory 一种基于D-S证据理论的红外小目标融合识别方法 ilib.cn 7. A Result-merging Algorithm of Structure Damage Identifications with Multi-resolution Based on D-S Evidential Theory 基于D-S证据理论的结构多精度损伤识别结果融合方法 www.ilib.cn 8. Public information refers to 2 kinds of information. The first kind is the unclassified evidential materials and other written advices; 公开信息是指在产业损害调查活动中利害关系方向调查机关提供的非保密证据材料和其它书面意见； www.lawyee.net 9. Discussion on the Inversion of Evidential Burden in Civil Lawsuit of Our Country 论中国民事诉讼中举证责任倒置的几个问题 www.ilib.cn 10. The Special Evidential Rules of Anticorruption in Foreign Countries and Hong Kong 外国和中国香港反贪污贿赂的特殊证据规则 www.ilib.cn |
| 随便看 |
|
英汉双解词典包含2704715条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。