banking system

On most measures the Japanese banking system looks as if it has slept through the past 20 years.

Once the banking system began to look frail, there was a boom in the sale of safes for people to keep their cash at home.

And the sort of arbitrary and brutal credit decisions being dished out to customers mean parts of the banking system are breaking down.

Stocks were subdued on both sides of the Atlantic as analysts reflected on a year's progress in cleaning up the banking system.

Although China's banking crisis has not occurred, the fact that the vulnerability of the banking system is often a key factor in the crisis.

Muddling through by trying to resurrect a failed banking system, which will likely fail again, is not the answer.

Leading up to the crisis, market participants and policymakers failed to understand the interconnections within the "shadow banking" system.

When they met in Washington last November they were still in a state of shock at the wreckage that was the private banking system.

Partial nationalisation of the banking system may be part of that process but any nationalisation should be regarded as a means to an end.

Europe's feuding leaders could hash out a deal to put the single currency and the zone's banking system on a sustainable footing.

Trust among the banks will have to be re-established and that can only be achieved by restructuring and recapitalizing the banking system.

What I expected to get out of the programme was something about how people outside the banking system viewed the crisis.

He would do what he had to to fix the banking system, to get the economy out of the rut in which he was inheriting it.

By 2007, he began to tell his students the banking system would collapse.

When the German government set up a bail-out fund to stabilise the country's banking system, he said he would be "ashamed" to use it.

IT IS now more than a year since the clean-up of Nigeria's banking system began, after a credit boom that went bad.

But he said the nation must not forget the near-collapse of the banking system in 2008 without fixing its causes.

It said the collapse in the country's banking system would produce a "very sharp" recession.

Our plans to dismantle the banking system, as you know it today, are well under way.

A well-organized banking system developed as a state monopoly, although some of the banks were handed over to private concerns to run.

Like Ireland it had a runaway real-estate boom that has left its banking system with a pile of sour property loans.

Mervyn King, Bank of England governor, was forced into a policy U-turn yesterday in an attempt to ease pressure on the UK banking system.

A year ago, many of us were ready to be impressed with China's banking system.

Nevertheless, if the aim of the exercise was to restore confidence in the US banking system, the early signs are that it has worked.

How can it be a sound banking system that depends on keeping the public in the dark about the condition of its financial institutions?

It was, as one economist put it to me, "the most rapid expansion of a banking system in the history of mankind. "

That might be your question, basically, Cyprus's banking system has gotten too big and is at risk of collapsing .

He said "our banking system is going to lose hundreds of billions of dollars" and taxpayer money was "going down the drain" .

The health of the commercial banking system depends on the assumption that, at any time, most depositors will keep their money in the bank.

But he said JPMorgan did not want to stand in the way of an initiative that benefited the banking system as a whole.

None of that excuses the mess it has made of its banking system.

The Federal Reserve has used its authority as a bank supervisor to help facilitate the flow of credit through the banking system.

However, the bulk of Gaddafi's fortune seems to be tied up in the Western banking system.

This indeed is the case, and is the result of a number of initiatives specifically to increase competitiveness in the banking system.

Real wealth appears to be tied up in the banking system and not with the general public.

Using exchange and interest rates as well as the bank reserve requirement ratio to ensure liquidity in the banking system.

The international banking system would have collapsed if the authorities had not banded together to save it.

Alternatively, the Bank may know something about the risks of a fresh accident in the banking system that the rest of us do not.

The Bank of Japan released $24 billion into the banking system, to make it easier for financial companies to borrow the cash they need.

In Washington, Bush said the government stood ready to help the banking system as it did with Sunday's Citigroup deal.

One country trying to mend one part of its banking system will not work.

They would have to reorient their thinking if the EFSF were to be used to guarantee the banking system.

The US banking system has always been a little bit like a leaky bucket.

At least part of this is due to a banking system failure that banks were encouraged to court by perverse incentives and implicit subsidies.

But, without increased final demand from other parts of the world and a working banking system, there will not be sustainable growth.

This meant that there was no room in the prevailing models for such things as bubbles and banking-system collapse.

The missing ingredient was a clean-up of the banking system, on which Japanese firms were more dependent than their American counterparts.

An obvious solution is to revert to a tightly regulated, oligopolistic banking system. This is the sort of system Canada has enjoyed.

China is one of the few large economies whose banking system has not been crippled by the global credit crunch.

Today, as a result, the entire liabilities of the banking system seem to be contingent liabilities of the state.

That means huge flows of money swishing around the banking system , temporarily being lodged with the custodian bank of the IPO deals .

Government became the biggest, baddest market force around, but many players continued to bet against the banking system.

And he is concerned that this problem could threaten the stability of the banking system if the economy fails to recover.

That said, the dangers that loan losses in the region pose to Europe's staggering banking system can be overstated.

China's economy is protected by its current-account surplus and vast reserves, but its banking system would be hurt by an abrupt withdrawal.

These are the same markets that so wounded the banking system that it had to be rescued by the taxpayer.

To subsidise the banking system as a whole to persuade it to undertake what is but a small part of its activity is grotesquely inefficient.

"Our national debt is rising rapidly, not least as the consequence of support to the banking system. " he said.

Japan was not at the heart of last autumn's financial storm, and its banking system is not yet on its knees.

Sweden's rescue of its banking system in 1992 pushed its gross publicdebt up to 73% of its GDP from 55% a year earlier.

After all, a year ago, it was feared that if the banking system collapsed, the whole economy would break down.

These decreases were partly offset by an increase in the balance of the banking system and placements received from fiscal reserves .

The result was an orgy of misspending that sent the U. S. banking system over a cliff.

Untold taxpayer cash has been used to save the banking system.

Wrong . The point of structural reform of the banking system is not to prevent banks from failing .

But it's hard to see how Greece could do that without triggering a catastrophic run on its banking system.

we've got to uphold the same standards as the banking system, or with the FAA's air traffic control system.

There are three issues that Europe is trying to struggle with at once: competitiveness, the banking system and sovereign debt.

"If that would be the price to get a really resilient banking system, that price is not too high, " said Mr Wellink.

The collapse of Lehman Brothers and the banking system's near-death experience (plus a slide in commodity prices) changed all that.

Each time easy money has been used to fight a crisis, the banking system has grown bigger.

Inquiries will be directed to a banking system that somehow managed to lose sight of the size of its balance sheet commitments.

Tight controls over the banking system and strict limits on capital movements enable China's leaders to hold down the value of its currency.

The purpose of this booklet is to describe the basic process of money creation in a "fractional reserve" banking system.

But a sound banking system was at least as important.

We had been discussing the state of the modern banking system as it collapses all around us.

It added that the U. A. E. banking system 'is more sound and solid than a year ago. '

Planes might fall from the sky, supermarkets could conceivably run out of food and the banking system would go into meltdown.

A collapse of the banking system would imply a US recession on a scale unprecedented since the Great Depression.

The bears argue that although governments may have stabilised the banking system, they have not been able to restart private-sector lending.

Restricting the flow of money into and out of China protects the country's immature banking system.

This impromptu market has turned mobile-phone credit into a quasi-currency, undermining the traditional informal hawala banking system.

"Had the authorities not pressed the banking system to have more capital, we would probably be in a worse position now. "

Brown said the final deal included agreement on tighter regulation of hedge funds, tax havens and the banking system.

"We also have to deal with the whole shadow banking system, which has not been addressed in a coherent manner, " the G20 source said.

The stress tests are a central part of the Obama administration's effort to restore confidence in the U. S. banking system.

Fifth, the banking system as a whole reduces risks through aggregation and enables them to be carried by those more willing to bear them.

The money multiplier is the amount of money the banking system generates with each dollar of reserves.

The US banking system is still woefully undercapitalised for the size of its balance sheets.

If it does not, much more than the US banking system is at risk.

My colleague Hyun Song Shin at Princeton has pointed out to me lately that the shadow banking system in the US is largely European banks.

The weaknesses in Germany's banking system have long been a worry for the federal government.

This imposed losses on an already crippled banking system, and led to a sharp contraction in domestic credit.

It was the entire banking system, not a few individual firms, that failed.

As late as the beginning of the 1970s, the American banking system was still frozen into immobility.

a slice of it is direct investment in big firms; but a worryingly large chunk, some 46% of GDP, is funnelled through the banking system.

Truth be told, Germany has been bailing out the heavily indebted countries as a way of protecting its own banking system.

Falling asset prices could bring back an old problem that many thought had been conquered: bad debts in the banking system.

Just like the Federal Reserve, it should be responsible for maintaining a sound banking system and stable capital markets.

As the trend of global banking development, reengineering the bank has a demonstrative effect to the Chinese banking system reform.

This dialogue of the deaf perfectly illustrates the weaknesses of a banking system that nearly destroyed itself during the crisis.

It is the banking system that has to be put back together, and it has got to be put back together fast.

The recommendations come after a year-long investigation into the near-collapse of the UK banking system in 2008.

And since the banking system is still dominated by the government, the banks will not refuse to offer new loans, even if old loans sour.

Bank Panic A situation where depositors lose confidence in the banking system and withdraw all or a majority of their funds from the bank.

Worries over the vulnerability of the European banking system have pumped up the risk premiums for banks to borrow in the open market.

All payments are done in cash because Somalia, a failed state, has no functioning banking system.

The province of the Federal Reserve is the health of the banking system, generally, through regulation of the money supply, specifically.

And financial regulators have continued to build a banking system that steers towards longer-term gains.

Derivatives is able to hold considerable sway over the banking system.

He said more needs to be done to clean up the banking system.

A change in the United States banking system will affect how thousands of millions of dollars in payments are processed.

At the same time, the supposedly clever idea was to demonstrate to the outside world that the rest of the banking system remained sound.

Quantitative easing is a way of pouring money into a cash-starved banking system.

When such a vital source of financing runs out, the small-business owner must turn to the banking system.

Rather, financial markets and regulations were not mature enough to cope with disintermediation and the rise of the "shadow banking" system.

It is not true to say that authoritarian leadership has brought on the collapse of the banking system.

Many of these investments are not financed by real savings but just by money created out of thin air by the banking system.

Any banking system would be challenged by anaemic growth, grinding deflation and interest rates close to zero.

Clearly a more robust banking system requires far more capital and a robust loan loss reserve adding to the capital cushion.

Second, takes office the period in the company, primary cognizance XX area banking system product sale and new service development.

The banking system is the heart of our economy. It pumps blood to our industrial muscles, and right now it's not pumping.

For more than a year, the Chinese central bank tried to squeeze the country's banking system in hopes of restraining inflation.

The banking system can create more money when people wish to borrow to supplement their spending out of current income.

It is also unfair on the Fed, which had to stand in place of America's collapsed shadow-banking system.

The Zapatero government has finally begun to force consolidation of the banking system , forcing troubled regional cajas to merge.

Russia's banking system has been a poor channeller of commodity wealth into non-energy businesses.

With a few changes, the banking system could enjoy a revival backed by private investment, not public funds.

If any country's banking system started to suffer losses on such a scale, debt-to-equity swaps might become inescapable.

This law encouraged the growth of Canada's branch-banking system, in which a few large banks operate all the country's banking offices.

This law encouraged the growth of Canada's branch-banking system, in which a few large banks operate all the country's banking offices.

In fact, Germany has been bailing out the heavily indebted countries as a way of protecting its own banking system.

The problem was not so much deregulation but regulation's failure to evolve with the so-called "shadow banking system" .

Europe's banking system relied more than any other on fickle borrowing markets that had dried up.

Dubai may not be the next Lehman or AIG, but it could offer up some nasty surprises for the world's banking system.

So you can probably say that there is not much of a problem of the asset side in the Asian banking system.

Emergency policies have been put in place to help a banking system that suffered a flight in deposits after the onset of protests.

As the shadow banking system grew, our system failed to require real transparency, sufficient capital or meaningful oversight.

Over the recent credit cycle, these non-executive directors permitted a huge escalation of risk across the banking system.

A banking system compatible with a growing socialist market economy has begun to take shape.

A banking system compatible with a growing socialist market economy has begun to take shape.

The endpoint would be a banking system more intent on shedding assets than assuming them, an event commonly termed a credit crunch.

On top of that, hot money is also hazardous to the safety and stability of the financial market and the banking system.

The U. S. banking system is not fully recovered from the crisis, and losses on commercial real estate lending are mounting.

In the space of a few days, practically the entire banking system has been seized by the government.

One of the most urgent aims was to fix a weak link in the local banking system: risk governance.

Pawn business, as a supplementary resource for finance, is an effective and necessary supplementation for banking system.

If anything, it's a symptom of the deep imbalances that lie at the heart of China's banking system.

A stability fund would help boost an already robust banking system, he said in the letter seen by Reuters.

None of this means China's banking system is about to implode.

None of this means China's banking system is about to implode.

The insurance contracts that made AIG so entwined with the banking system were designed to help banks boost their capital ratios.

The White House had originally left room in its budget proposal for as much as $750 billion in additional aid to the banking system.

But the greater transparency also could highlight previously unknown vulnerabilities in parts of the banking system.

One disappointment in Mr. Obama's speech was his failure to deliver any more clarity on his plan to rescue the nation's banking system.

These changes are the minimum needed for a banking system run in the interests of shareholders, customers and the economy, not bankers.

That is a substantial level and , with proper regulatory supervision, more than enough to stabilise the banking system .

Banking system's trouble is usually created by the bad account or the credit risks.

The deposit reserve policy is one of the important monetary policy tools in the central banking system.

At the meeting of European Union finance ministers this week, we agreed to work together to rebuild confidence in the banking system.

At the meeting of European Union finance ministers this week, we agreed to work together to rebuild confidence in the banking system.

But there has also been a broader effort to contain risks in the banking system.

denied reports the British banking system is about to collapse.

To keep economic activity flowing, central banks around the world have coordinated efforts to inject funds into the banking system.

Without a bailout, the banking system would have stayed paralyzed and the recession would have been much deeper and longer.

That might be the price society has to pay to keep the banking system afloat without crippling future taxpayers.

The banking system was strong; so was the balance of payments (official reserves covered about eight months'-worth of imports).

Modern banking competition is, in essence, institutional competition, and corporate governing structure is the core of banking system.

Some are spiriting savings out of the country or stuffing money into mattresses, fearing a collapse of the banking system.

As Mr Haldane comments: "A banking system that does not accurately assess and price risk is not adding much value to the economy. "

The only solution is for the government to convince the public that it stands behind the banking system.

To put it bluntly, the banking system has been gaming the taxpayer on an intolerable scale.

A stimulus package that does not also unclog the arteries of our banking system will never stimulate sufficiently.

French banks are the biggest lenders to Greece so a Greek default would also bring down the French banking system and hence the Euro.

For the time being, we aim to tackle the flow of renminbi cash through enticing it into the banking system.

But America's economy is now dominated by a shadow banking system of investment banks, financial firms and investment funds.

Add in the cash that the Fed has been hosing into the banking system and we are bound to see growth in 2009.

The release of the assessment results in May increased investor confidence in the U. S. banking system.

Blithely rolling over unpayable debts is not the hallmark of a healthy banking system.

The ensuing monetary creation is fuelling rising inflation, systematic overinvestment and an overextended banking system.

For now, the Treasury's calculated risk looks better judged than those of a banking system intoxicated by bail-outs.

CHINA is in the grip of a severe drought. In contrast, its banking system is awash with liquidity.

This began to change with the creation of the Federal Reserve in 1913, providing stability to the American banking system.

The sharing of credit information among banks, subject to the protection of data privacy, helps to promote a more effective banking system.

The U. S. banking system needs more than $2 trillion of extra capital by some estimates as loans of all stripes suffer during the recession.

"This is a significant long-term structural problem, but not a near-term threat to China's banking system or fiscal health, " he said.

Weak consumer demand, falling property prices, and the rise of a predatory shadow banking system have stoked concerns of a hard landing.

The prospects of getting to that place of confidence depends upon important changes to the current banking and shadow banking system.

In the 1957 gentleman's final, a Mrs. Helen Jarvis invaded the court, shouting and waving a banner calling for a new world banking system.

Europe's banking system is still built for a bull market that isn't coming back.

At the time, worries about banks' government-debt holdings were fanning fears about the health of Europe's banking system as a whole.

Some sunny optimism from Europe's periphery is sorely needed. Jitters over Ireland and its banking system returned last week to the markets.

But he conceded there were persistent worries about the health of the banking system and said that was impeding a broader economic recovery.

Given decentralized planning and a corrupt and poorly managed banking system, it's a delicate balancing act.

Once the entire banking system had loaded up on mortgage derivatives and credit default swaps, the crisis was just waiting to happen.

Control of the credit supply through the state-owned banking system remains an essential tool in Beijing's conduct of monetary policy.

in accordance with the provisions of the banking system, reasonable use loan, strengthen cash management, completes the settlement.

They are already under pressure from slowing global growth, and a cash squeeze there could feed back into the banking system.

To put that figure into context, it is around 10% of what Britain spent this autumn recapitalising the banking system.

The banking system is still hobbled by bad loans to state enterprises and state projects that Mr. Zhu championed.

Indeed, much of the instability in the shadow banking system stemmed from using short-term wholesale funding for longer-term investment.

It makes it all the more likely that Beijing will continue to use the banking system for purposes that textbooks never saw as appropriate.

It's widely used in call center and telephone banking system. Because customers in these systems will probably request a extra service.

Such a withdrawal of liquidity would doom the country's banking system and might even lead to Greece's departure from the euro zone.

Iceland, reeling from the collapse of its banking system and currency, is selling its ambassadorial residence in Washington.

Tensions are rising in the money markets in spite of the injection of huge amounts of liquidity into the banking system by central banks.

The state banking system's massive increase in lending has led to worries about inflating housing and stock prices.

The woeful legacy of the crisis could be a supersized banking system gorging on the taxpayers' tab .

As such it would act as the lender of last resort only to the eurozone banking system, not to sovereigns.

The news fanned fears that the worst isn't over for the American banking system, and some investors are worried about bank failures.

Huge amounts of risk moved outside the more regulated parts of the banking system to where it was easier to increase leverage.

But a funny thing happened on the way back to a sound banking system: last week both Citi and BofA announced losses in the third quarter.

It could be a while yet before the big cracks start showing in the banking system.

That could be devastating to the country's banking system and hit investor confidence around the world.

The plan includes more funds for stabilizing the banking system and a move toward universal health care.

The deal was the key to "a more stable banking system that is less prone to excessive risk-taking" , chorused US regulators.

Keen competition in the banking system will probably persist, particularly if loan demand slows along with a slower economy.

That would leave much to do, especially to unleash growth and to reform the banking system.

In acting as insurer of last resort to the British-based banking system, it is taking on huge risks on behalf of taxpayers.

Suppose Greece defaults. That will spread losses across the European banking system.

But the deposit credits constitute newadditions to the total deposits of the banking system.

So the commission recommends higher standards only for the bits of the banking system that are rooted in the domestic market.

Under these conditions, the risks to the domestic banking system, rather than the currency, are likely to be more significant.

THE NEAR-COLLAPSE of the world's banking system two-and-a-half years ago has prompted a fundamental reassessment of the industry.

Now that partial nationalisation of the banking system has restored some calm, Asia may see a modicum of confidence restored.

Indeed, so long as you are quite senior you can bring the entire banking system down and still get a big bonus.

The banking system that would emerge would be like nationalisation, only not as fast-moving.

Far from improving, the funding profile of the Western banking system has been getting even sicker this year.

The government must temporarily support the U. S. banking system, until banks can attract substantial amounts of new money from investors.

Spain's cajas account for almost half of its banking system and have been hit by the collapse in property prices.

That, said Nomura Securities economist Zach Pandl, would mean 'the banking system is in better health than feared. '

As the meltdown in Iceland last autumn showed, an economy can be overwhelmed by its banking system.

As I mentioned earlier, interest rate volatility can undermine the stability of the banking system.

By contrast, Italy's very large banking system is heavily exposed to its government debt.

There is nothing new in strong state interventions into the banking system and the economy in general.

Much of these flows go through the shadow banking system.

Failures in the shadow banking system fed failures in the more regulated parts of the banking system.

In a deflationary environment, the weight of accumulated debt can sink the banking system and push the economy into depression.

This may be true for individual banks but not for the banking system as a whole, as the LTCM crisis in 1998 demonstrated.

The balance sheet expansion of the banking system is to support the corporate sector's balance sheet expansion.

Ms Lagarde is right to warn that sovereign debt and stagnant growth pose new risks of instability in the banking system.

The ECB has responded as a lender of last resort to the banking system, expanding and extending its liquidity lines for banks.

It looks like a good step towards increasing resilience of the banking system.

Once the banking system regains its strength, the banks will pay back the British people.

Indeed, a banking system that does not accurately assess and price risk could even be thought to subtract value from the economy.

Wall Street was also increasingly losing its dominance over the banking system.

We have experienced a comprehensive failure of the banking system at all levels.

The capital to protect the European banking system from big defaults by important sovereigns simply does not exist.

Basement prices are a reminder of the two big problems still dogging the Spanish banking system.

In an expansion, the banking system turns on the taps. It magnifies purchasing power. . . by making loans.