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This paper has analyzed the surface and cross-section morphology and the phase composition of the ceramic coatings by using SEM, XRD.

The surface appearance and corrosion products of Zn-Mg alloy coatings with different content of Mg were analyzed by SEM and XRD.

The structure, pore volume distribution and acid property of these samples were characterized by means of XRD, BET, NH3-TPD and Pyridine-IR.

The analysis of microstructure and XRD indicates that the bead welding is of good densification and has high combination strength.

The analysis result of X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the crystallinity of the treated silk fiber increased.

The obtained silver nanoparticles were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

The morphology, status, chemical state & properties of the composite deposits were studied by means of SEM, TEM and XRD.

Au nanoparticles were characterized by means of scan electron microscope (SEM), scan probe microscope (SPM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

The element valence, crystalline phase, microstructure have been studied by means of XPS, XRD and SEM.

The nanoparticle size, and phase were characterized by means of TEM, XRD, TGA, surface area and pore diameter measurements.

Quality and reliability analysis. AFM as well as the XRD results both demonstrate the good crystallinity of the thin-film after annealing.

XRD and SEM techniques were used to characterize the mullite solid solution synthesized from waste aluminum slag and kaolin.

Enhancement mechanism of S-activator on high calcium PFA expansive cement was studied by means of DSC, XRD, SEM, etc.

The pattern of XRD illustrated that the pure perovskite phase (tetragonal) had been obtained for all samples.

By means of XRD and SEM, the microstructure and crystallization phase identification are.

Analysis of ESEM and XRD showed that heavy metals configuration and crystal lattice had been changed after planting.

XRD analysis of the bar indicated that the main binding contents in the bar are magnesium phosphate and calcium phosphate.

XRD results demonstrate that the crystallization of the carbon spheres improved with the rise of reaction temperature.

However, XRD analysis and corresponding microstructure observations reveal that the aging process is influenced by grain size obviously.

It was character ed by XRD, BET method, the reaction kinetics at the catalytic process was also measured.

XRD and TEM show that the prepared catalysts possess high thermal-stability up to 923K.

The structure, composition, crystalline size and bactericidal capability of the film are studied by the methods of TEM , XRD.

XRD and IR were used to analyze the effect of different calcination temperature on phase composition of the precursor.

A novel 3-D nano-structured ZnO has been prepared by two-step solution method on the surface of silicon and characterized by SEM and XRD.

Meanwhile, XRD and TPR techniques are applied to character structure and properties of the catalysts.

These inclusion compounds were confirmed by means of IR and powder XRD, and their host-guest molar ratio was determined by ^1H NMR.

The mini X-ray diode (M-XRD) was developed, and was used in mini soft X-ray spectrometer.

The range of crystallization temperature, crystalline phase identification and microstructure were observed using DTA, XRD and SEM.

The micro-morphologies and phase structures of the samples are observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

The XRD pattern analysis indicated that the roasting temperature has a decisive effect on the phase composition of the prepared sample.

The form and structure were characterized by means of TEM, XRD and FTIR measurement.

X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) analyses show that the graphite block has an obvious orientation structure.

Using XRD and TG DTG technologies, the phase structure and reduction property of the catalyst are investigated and characterized.

But the Raman shift was still observed. For last series, we were experimented with XRD, reflectance, PL and Raman scattering.

XRD, TEM, BET and other means are used to detect and characterize the structural characteristics and properties of the catalyst.

The phase transformation and weight loss rate of ludwigite in oxidizing roasting were studied by DTA-TG, isothermal TG and XRD.

The microcrystal glass was prepared from granite scrap. The microstructure of the products were characterized by SEM and XRD.

The morphology, properties and microstructure of the coatings were studied by SEM, XRD, and microhardness tester.

The morphology of the powders was characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD).

The thermal property, phase constitution and micro-morphology of the glass-ceramics were investigated by DSC, XRD, and SEM.

The properties and microstructures of the MAS, LAS and composite glass-ceramics were tested by TG-DTA, XRD and SEM respectively.

Nanometer ZnO powders were prepared by sol-gel method. The structure and performance of the sample were studied by XRD, TEM and UV-Vis.

Both the two polymers were added to ammonium nitrate to prepare stabilized ammonium nitrate which were characterized by DSC, SEM and XRD.

Using XRD, SEM, VSM on the barium ferrite phase composition, microstructure and magnetic properties were characterized.

By the test methods of XRF and XRD, this article studies using desulfurization products from flue gas as cement mineralizer.

XRD and SEM are used to analyze hydration-hardening mechanism of the compound system.

Composition of inorganic phases and order degree of lamellar structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD).

The phase, microstructure and wear behavior of the composite were analyzed by DTA, XRD, SEM and two-body abrasive wear test.

The features? phases and anodic polarization curves of transform films were analyzed by ESEM? XRD and electrochemistry system.

They were characterized and analyzed by FE-SEM, Energy Dispersive System(EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD).

MPPCFwas characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and structure parameters were investigated.

Microstructure and surface morphology of the oxynitriding layers were studied by SEM, XRD, microhardness tester and digital camera.

From the XRD analysis, the results reveal that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and nano wires are wurtzite phases.

The XRD result shows that the main crystalline phase of the ceramic is mullite.

The composition of the particles has been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).

The crystal phases and microstructure of the as-received glass-ceramics are investigated by DSC, XRD, and SEM.

The process of dehydration for a group of metal ion-exchanged montmorillonite has been studied using DTA, TG, XRD and TPD-GC methods.

The procucts were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), infrared spectra(IR), photoluminescence (PL).

The phase composition and microstructure of the coatings and powders dried from sol was observed by XRD and SEM.

In this paper, XRD is used to detect the type of the crystalline and the primary factor effected the technological process are discussed.

Typical samples were tested and characterized by four-ball tester, optical microscope, XRD and SEM observation.

The measurements of XRD, SEM and XPS show that the as- grown BNN film is epitaxial single crystal with smooth surface.

The fact that coal mine refuse of Yongcheng is sandy mudstone was confirmed by XRD.

Furthermore XRD were used to measure and analyze rust layers.

The strength of the peak of the XRD tested sample increases with the thickness of the film increasing.

The effects of nucleation amd crystallization time on crystals behaviour and properties were studied by XRD, SEM and DTA.

XRD photos indicate that the sputtering pressure plays an important role on the microstructure and electrical resistivity of TGZO films.

Through XRD and the SEM microscopic test method, the microstructure of hydro-thermal synthesis hardening has studied .

The morphologies of surface and cross section and crystalline structure were characterized by FESEM, SEM and XRD.

The residual stress existed in subsurface and the amount of residual austenite were tested using XRD technique.

The suitable burning temperature and micro morphology of the cement were studied by XRD and SEM-EDS, etc.

The results of XRD analysis show that electrodeposits are of nanocrystalline construction which have strong (111) fibre texture.

XRD (X-ray diffraction)data reflect that the decomposition products are non-crystalline.

The average grain size of nc-Ni films are calculated by using XRD. The deposition and growth mechanism of nc-Ni films are discussed also.

The coated nickel hollow spheres were identified by FESEM, TEM, and XRD, and the uniform Co films with porous structure were observed.

The structure, morphology and composition were analyzed and characterized through XRD, SEM and EDS.

Structure and properties of diamond saw segments before and after partial prealloying were analyzed by SEM and XRD.

The microstructure, structure and morphology of the coating were analyzed by XRD and SEM.

The characteristic changes of particle sizes and phases in the process of mechanical activation were investigated through XRD analysis.

The adsorbent prepared is non crystalloid according to the results of XRD and SEM, and its surface has better activity.

The microstructure and fracture morphology of steel 20 were studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).

The phase analysis has been carried on through XRD, and its crystal grain size has been calculated.

It was found the FeCo metal coatings of composite powder was amorphous state through the results of XRD.

The metallographic structures of Cu-Zn powder under different conditions were studied by SEM, TEM and XRD in this paper.

The products of alkoxide hydrolysis are tested by XRD, Optical Microscope, Laser Particle Sizer, and SEM.

The SEM and XRD of the domestic and import methylcellulose products were different.

To satisfy the need of cavern water-proof, the minerals component and microstructure of rock are tested by XRD and SEM.

Carried on the test using EDS and XRD to the different coating ingredient and the organizational structure.

The effects of nucleation and crystallization time on crystals behaviour were studied by XRD, SEM and DTA.

XRD analysis of the Banxi Group slate in the northern Xuefeng Uplift suggest a lower greenschist facies metamorphism.

The different resins filling with thermoplastic starch were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and XRD.

By XRD and SEM, the phase composition, microstructure and morphology of TC4 titanium alloy after boronizing were investigated.

XRD results showed that the crystallinity of grafted membranes was lower than FEP.

X-ray diffraction(XRD) measurements reveal formation of titanium nitride in the as treated sample.

The characteristics of the nano sized TiO_2 powder were analyzed by TEM, XRD, specific surface area analyzer, TG-DTA and UV-VIS.

The properties of the hydration of ferri-cement doped with CaF_2 in minus temperature by XRD chemical analysis are studies.

The temperature and time could affect crystallization of products rather than the pattern positions of XRD.

The IR results showed that the product was cellulose ester. The XRD results showed that crystal structure of cellulose was destroyed.

Through XRD and XPS analysis, most of dolomite in palygorskite clay were removed in the acid treatment process.

Strength properties of geopolymenr cement are improved by polyvinyl alcohol. The mechanism is analyzed through XRD, SEM.

In addition, the structure and properties of these catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 isothermal adsorption-desorption, H2-TPR etc.

The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the starch had lost crystalline structure of B type hut showing some property of non-crystal.

Thermal behavior and aggregation structure of the polymers is investigated using DSC and XRD respectively.

The components of Fe-Al intermetallic compound coating were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction.

The XRD analysis shows the "water line" in Qinghai nephrite jade is mainly composed of tremolite.

In all the cases the films were characterized as the same Ni-TCNQ phase.

The phase compositions and morphology ies of the film were analyzed by XRD and SEM.

The red mud heated at different temperatures and the hydration pastes were determined with XRD, DSC-TG and FT-IR.

All the samples analyzed by XRD are orthorhombic structure.

The effect of catalyst and promoter on the morphologies and microstructure produced were investigated by TEM and XRD.

The micro-morphology was observed by SEM, the composition and phase structure of the coating was analyzed by EDS and XRD.

The transitions from sol to gel and from gel to luminescent crystal were studied with XRD, TG-DTA.

XRD patterns showed that the N-phthaloyl-chitosan oligosaccharide can crystallize though there is a bulky substituent group hung from it.

Catalyst structure was characterized by XRD and XPS techniques.

The nanoscale multilayered modulation structure and clear interface was confirmed by SEM and low-angle XRD.

Use of X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) of its size and structure were characterized.

Crystal structure and chemical composition of ZnO films are analyzed by XRD.

In succession, these composites were characterized by XRD, SEM or TEM.

The effects of sulfur on the carbon products were investigated by SEM, XRD, and EDX.

Morphology and phase structure of the black ceramic coatings were also investigated by XRD and SEM.

According to XRD curve, the main crystal phase is CaTi4P6O24. The glass-ceramic's surface topography and crystal size was observed by SEM.

XRD patterns show that the BSCFO phase structure is kept after laser ablation treatment.

Activation of low calcium fly ash, in different admixtures and at different temperatures, was stu- died by TGA, XRD and TSC-TG analysis.

TiC powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD).

Nanometric copper rod is prepared by electrolysis with unsymmetrical AC power, and the nano rods are characterized by using XRD and TEM.

The proton conductivity of two kinds of membranes were investigated by AC impedance and the structure property was studied by XRD and SEM.

Analysis the structure and morphology of ultra-fine cobalt by XRD and SEM.

The composition, surface morphology and phase structure of the films were tested by EDXA, FSEM, AFM and XRD, respectively.

Behavior of activated alumina in FCC catalysts were investigated by N2 absorption, IR and XRD.

The speciality of the films such as composition, microstructure and photo-degradation efficiency was studied by SEM, XRD and UV-Vis.

The crystallinity of the treated fiber observatory by the XRD increased by 2. 08%.

XRD patterns indicated that the TiO_2 still kept original crystal type and didn't bring impurities into the nano-TiO_2 concentrate slurries.

The metal elements and forms of abradant were analyzed by AES and XRD.

And the effect of different manufacturing parameters on the grinding wheel structure is also studied by XRD and SEM.

It is indicated by XRD that fluorocarbon film is partly crystallized.

XRD and SEM analysis indicate that the modified alloy is amorphized to some extent besides of the reduction of particle size.

By XRD method, the constitution of inorganic matter was analyzed, in which the content of quartz was 60. 8%.

The morphologies and properties of the particles were investigated by TEM, SEM, XRD and UV-vis spectra, and so on.

In addition, Corrision mechanism was discussed by Electrochemical, XRD, Stereo Microscope and SEM.

The phase structure of the films was determined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD).

The thermal expansion, conductivity and thermal shock resistance of NZP ceramics were studied by XRD, SEM and HREM and so on.

The content variation of four kinds of Huainan coal ash mineral under different temperatures was analyzed with X-ray diffraction(XRD).

The crystal forms of limestone have examined by SEM, XRD and other test means.

Two kinds of spent commercial hydrocracking catalysts were characterized using XRD, ESCA, FTIR and TEM techniques.

XRD patterns of the exchanged samples show that the exchange reaction can occur at ambient temperature.

It is also approved by the results of the XRD.

Because of its low prices, the low use-cost, practicability and quick analysis, There is a better prospect in the refining industry by XRD.

XRD curve didn't appear new crystallization peak.

The iron core size was 15 nm and the formation of Fe(3)O(4) crystal in SPIO nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.

But we need another researches like XRD to confirm the alloy phase which isn't know very well.

XRD, SEM and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to study the formation procedure and reaction mechanism of the products.

Electrochemistry, XRD and XPS of a Platinum Electrode Modified with Hybrid Hexacyanoferrate Films of Copper and Cobalt

Research and Analysis on Mineral Composition of Paper Surface Pigment by Means of SEM and XRD

Study of the XRD parameter evolution of coal of different metamorphism types

Studies on the Diffusion-controlled Solid-solid State Reaction by Means of XRD

XRD, SEM and EDX techniques were utilized to characterize the microstructures and composition of the cell components;

The XRD spectrogram of activated substrate indicated that the palladium membrane was formed on the flexible substrate;

XRD patterns of kaolinic rocks in coal measure: different views on characteristics of XRD patterns of kaolinite-dickite mixed-layer mineral

XRD Investigation on Comparative Crystal Chemistry of Channel-ions Substituted Apatite Solid Solutions

Methodology of XRD Second Derivative Fingerprint for Traditional Chinese Medicine

XRD showed that the doped samples fabricated by solid phase synthesis and Sol-Gel attached good perovskite;

By XRD diffraction analysis: The products of the main phase is anorthite;

XRD Investigation of Fluoridated Chlorapatite Solid Solution

Preparation and XRD Measurement of Interlayer Silicate Containing Water-Glass

Rapid Quantitative Determination of Hydrated Calcium Silicates Crystal by XRD

Pyrolysis Gasification Semicoke Characteristics of Fresh Biomass by XRD

XRD Analysis of Organic Montmorillonite and Study with Orthogonal Experiment

Study on Reaction Activity and Microstructure of Limestone Desulphation by XRD Method

Crystal Analysis of Light Magnesia, deadburned Magnesia, Fused Magnesia by XRD

Experimental Study on Interracial Bonding Strength of the Film by XRD

Poly-silicon's preparation by excimer laser annealing and characterization by XRD

Evaluation of effective elastic constants of PZT thin films by pole figures and XRD patterns

Experimental study of residual stress of galvanized passive film based on XRD

Determining grain size of nano-crystalline stainless steel by XRD and TEM

Dynamic XRD Phase Analysis of Rare Earth-Boronization for WC-Co Cemented Carbides

In situ XRD Investigation on the Crystallization Behaviors of Electroless High-Phosphorous Ni-P Alloys

Establishment of the Standard Curve Database for XRD Analysis Based on the External Standard Method

The Application of XRD Technique in Aluminium Production

results of XRD analysis indicated that cementite doesn't decompose and dissolve into ferrite;

Analysis of Dinosaur Fossils and Fossil Formed from Laochangqing Valley Lufeng County by XRD and RS

Residual Stress in The Electrodeposited Zn Coating by XRD

Fig. 3 XRD curves of the prepared specimen without addition of nano-alumina

Study on the Formation Product of Nickel Hydroxide by XRD

Zinc aluminate was prepared and detected by XRD and BET;

Analysis of Preferential Orientation of Aragonite Crystals in Nacre Based on XRD

XRD, X-ray diffraction or X-ray diffractometer

mica surface in tapping mode in air. The XRD patterns

Fig. 3 XRD spectrum of the powder after washing with HCl solution (18%) and wate

In situ XRD Study on the Phase Transformation of Nanoanatase

Fig. 2 XRD pattern of Nb foams