| 单词 | washback |
| 释义 | 例句释义: 翘度,反拨作用,反拨效应,语言测试的后效 1. Washback, which can be positive or negative, generally refers to the influence of testing on teaching and learning. 反拨效应是指测试对教与学的影响，其影响可能是积极的，也有可能是消极的。 www.fabiao.net 2. Washback usually refers to the impact tests have on language teaching and learning, which can be positive or negative. 反拨作用常指语言测试对语言教学和学习的影响，根据其影响的性质，反拨作用有正、负之分。 paper.pet2008.cn 3. Washback effect regularly refers to the impact of a test both on teaching and learning. 反拨作用一般指测试对教师的教学以及学生的学习造成的影响。 www.bing.com 4. Negative washback refers to the harmful or undesirable influences or functions of testing on teaching and learning. 消极反拨作用是指测试对教学带来的负面作用和影响。 www.fabiao.net 5. Washback is an important phenomenon in language education. 反拨效应是教育领域中一个重要的研究课题。 www.fabiao.net 6. The theme of the 3rd Annual Conference is "Washback" , the positive influence of exams on the teaching learning that precedes them. 此次年度会议的主题是“反拨效应”，即英语测评对英语教育和学习的正面影响。 exam.tigtag.com 7. Washback refers to the positive or negative effects that tests may have on teaching and learning. 语言测试的反拨效应是指语言测试对语言教学产生的积极或消极的影响。 paper.pet2008.cn 8. Chapter Two reviews the definition, working mechanism, classification of washback and the studies of washback conducted home and abroad. 第二章对反拨作用的定义，工作原理，分类，以及国内外反拨作用的研究现状进行了综述。 www.fabiao.net 9. Washback effects refer to the influence tests have on teaching and learning. 反拨作用通常指测试对教学和学习所产生的影响。 www.fabiao.net 10. Washback refers to the influence of tests on teaching and learning. 反拨效应是指测试对教学所产生的影响。 www.fabiao.net 1. The study concludes that CET4 washback is a result of various factors, of which test methods and test policies play an important role. 根据以上结论，本文从四个方面提出了提高四级考试正面反拨效应的一些建议和方法。 www.fabiao.net 2. A scientific test exerts washback effect for its takers not only before but also after the test. 一项科学的考试不仅在考试前，更应在考试后，能对应试者产生正反拨效应。 www.dictall.com 3. highlight the teachers' role in promoting the positive washback effects and their professional development; 突出教师在提高正面反拨作用方面的作用并提供相应的专业化培训； www.fabiao.net 4. The results of the data analyses show as follows: the new CET-4 has strong washback effects on college English teaching and learning; 调查结果显示：新的大学英语四级考试对大学英语教学产生了较大的反拨效应； www.fabiao.net |
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