use-case

We start by positioning and describing the use case model in terms of its inputs and how it contributes to the modeling of your SOA.

14Conversely, I strongly encourage you to use a fine-grained numbering style for use case descriptions.

The client that calls the service for the use case is now assumed to be a Web-based store application that displays the cart to a user.

As you model your use case, you must ensure that every initiation is addressed by some sort of system response.

Not all sections are relevant in every use-case definition, and any of the sections can be combined (or omitted) in a real working document.

Among the main focuses, user-interface work emerged as a primary use-case for the usage of custom XML markup inline in an SVG document.

Since the use cases might be identified as steps within a business process, every single use case has a purpose for existence.

The completed use case model should allow all the stakeholders to see how the system supports their roles.

At the heart of any use case is the interaction between the software's user and the software itself (often described as the system).

Trying to fit this requirement into the same structure as defined for the Business Insight use case presents a number of challenges.

With the use case specification as testimony, it became easy to see the rationale for adjusting the initial estimation.

This type of model, describing how a user interacts with the system, is usually referred to as a use case model.

The concept of a (use case) transaction helps to deal with the variation in length and conciseness typical of use case descriptions.

Now that you're all wired up, you're ready to move on to your first use case.

These use case realizations model how the parts of the system interact within the context of a specific use case.

In the next section the service definitions of each of these use case are reviewed in more detail from a UML and WSDL viewpoint.

If he wants to understand an import use case, he would want to see the control flow, and would benefit from a sequence diagram.

Remember that a use case delivers something of value to an actor; it fulfills a goal for that actor.

Frequently a use case changes the state of a system (i. e. the account balance is now lower) rather than generating a physical product.

However, the sequence of use case steps is often mandatory only in relation to the next interaction with an actor.

We start with a sketch of the use case points method, followed by a discussion on what definition of a use case transaction works best.

Are all business entities referred to in at least one use case?

Dependency relationships sometimes don't exist -- but that's unusual when a program is complex enough to have more than one use case.

In the swim lane view, as you mouse over each step in the use case, a little bubble pops up showing you the result of the step.

Use-case flows of events explain how the system and a user (actor) interact to do something significant.

You probably won't use these very often, but they are easy to work with and provide a good first use case for RichFaces syntax.

With a level of analysis performed at this point, a formal use case model can be created and documented.

You walk through identifying the problem, planning for a solution, and eventually updating the door use case to reflect these changes.

I'll do that by introducing the notion of a use case and talking about how one of these beasts is organized.

The script on this diagram is just a terse rendering of the text in the Reserve a Vehicle use case.

Note that you can change the out-of-the-box use case attributes and their values in the RequisitePro project associated with your model.

As you may know, Oracle EBS is a database-based system, so the scenario is close to the use case here.

The business modeling performed so far has identified a set of Business Workers who participate in business use case realizations.

This seems to be an ideal use case for dynamic server launching.

The next Use Case Design step is to simplify repeated behavior by replacing common groupings of objects with a subsystem.

Use case identification and documentation into a use case model (with actor association) is the first iteration of this overall activity.

A use case model consists of a diagram and a set of descriptions that clarify the use case.

With multiple team members contributing, we found a need to standardize the documentation associated with each use case.

In a system for a typical automated teller machine (ATM), one use case would be "Withdraw Cash" and another "Transfer Funds. "

As we add more scenarios, we'll complete the use case, at least so far as the analysis phase of the development cycle is concerned.

The quality of any given test depends on its ability to validate a realistic use case or requirement.

The test suites can be used to implement the automation test strategy at the business level or at the system use-case level.

Next we'll walk you through this use case to see how the write-behind feature can help resolve their issue.

The bank account use case allows a user (Customer) to open one or more bank accounts in a single transaction.

A use case is a single task performed by an actor interacting with your application toward a specified goal.

When mapping an entire process to a use case, the resulting use case might turn out to be too complex.

Some organizations may not support UML or use any sort of standard use case modeling tool.

The only use case I have been able to come up with for this transaction attribute is for testing.

We've found many of the promised benefits to be true, although defining the contents of a use case is not a trivial task.

Use case implementation opens the door to even more sophisticated and potentially efficient test-prioritization methods.

Interaction diagrams are informal documents used to communicate design ideas that come up during the use-case realization team sessions.

Often, the set of steps that defines a use case represents a dialogue of sorts between the application user and the system.

In the latter, the corresponding use case storyboard typically starts with the system actor interacting with a screen class.

Each use case is developed in depth with a sample of each artifacts recommended in the previous section of the book.

The most straightforward use case for a Typeahead component consists of a simple dictionary lookup.

At its basis lies the concept of a use case transaction, the smallest unit of size measurement.

For this example, use the second option (although you can use the first option if it is easier for your own particular use case).

Next time I'll finish up by providing the more significant parts of the use-case definition: the scenarios and the activity diagrams.

Sometimes a part of the process is involved or complicated enough that it needs to be represented as a use case.

Consequently, we drafted a use-case documentation template that would be applied to each use case within the Rose model.

Recall that this Use Case Design step is named Describe Interactions Between Design Objects.

An activity diagram that shows the detailed actions of the users and the system or its major components as they perform the use case.

The name should be described as a short active verb phrase to represent the goal of the use case.

Also, no use case is orphaned, which in other terms means that every use case is directly traceable to at least one business process.

In the case of object-oriented programming, these models clearly lay out the classes and methods linked to a use case.

The parent BUC in RequisitePro will be associated to the XDE use case and will be able to be maintained via the standard IUCM capabilities.

Short-running process use cases can also be extended by a long-running process use case as a result of an event that they generate.

One, two, or all of the business workers are involved in each Simpay product use case.

The architect can use XDE for a variety of activities and is not limited to the use-case models.

In fact several of these steps might be performed in only particular situations and not for each and every use case.

I also typically assign some sort of administrative identity to every use case so that it can be referenced easily from other documents.

Often the use-case description is sufficient to describe the flow of work through a simple use case ( "do A, then do B, then do C" ).

A more suitable micro-increment may be to only define, design, implement, and test a subflow of a use case or step within a scenario.

Activity diagrams show the flow of control from one activity to the next, and use-case diagrams illustrate elements outside the system.

The business scenario used for this article implements a funds transfer use case.

Similarly, a use case represents a single piece of the larger process, with a use case model representing the entirety.

In the former, a use case realization typically starts with the system actor interacting with a boundary class.

Our sample scenario is a simplified version of an application of a regulation compliance use case from the financial industry.

In this use case, a bank customer is applying for a credit card product using the bank's portal.

And prioritizing the importance of implementing this use case versus another helps you know where to start.

During the project, customer documentation was a formatted version of the use case documentation.

This brought up a window indicating which SOW requirement the selected use case traced back to, as shown in Figure 4.

The Use-Case-Realization only contains the elements that follow from the Use-Case Specification but do not follow from the SAD.

As an example, a reservation use case for a business application could provide a textual description (human readable) of the use case.

The use case model provides detailed information about the behaviors of the system or application that you are developing.

The point of creating use case models is to mitigate the risk of building the wrong system.

In some cases, however, it may be useful to define an automated activity as a separate use case in its own right.

This includes identifying conceptual Analysis Elements necessary to express the behavior of each use case.

However, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) definition of a use case describes it as a complete sequence.

Imagine that we have three use cases assigned to the iteration, and that each use case has three flows to be detailed.

As for Alwyn's historical account of the Second World War, it seems that education is a key use-case for this feed.

Over the next two columns, I'll continue the exercise by formally specifying the "depositing funds" use case in depth.

The banking business scenario used for the example implements a funds transfer use case.

In the use case shown in Figure 1, the user is presented with the results of the method call that happens after he or she clicks a button.

Typically, they write code directly from the use-case flow of events, implementing object responsibilities and collaborations on the fly.

While VB had it all along, there was an supported use case.

Practical use: every feature that goes into the Web-applications specifications must be justified by a practical use case.

The usual (probably the only relevant) use case for partial methods is light weight event handling in combination with code generation.

A business use case describes a business process, documented as a sequence of actions that provides observable value to a business actor.

Therefore, a formal a design model may not be the best output artifact for a use-case realization session.

Each of these actors is associated with one use case, as shown in Figure 1.

As I said in my introduction, a common use case for RCC is creating UI widgets.

Furthermore, for various reasons the use case models are not always synchronized with their BPM counterparts.

The common XML use cases, and certainly the use case put forth by the FAQ, do not need XML namespaces.

A common use case of this configuration is an application that embeds or interacts with native C or C code libraries.

A context diagram is a part of a use case diagram showing the relationships of this particular use case to actors and other use cases.

Defining a separate use case for each report helps you to find the right stakeholder -- and not to bother other stakeholders.

We'll use the use-case template for this scenario because we intend to represent our system requirements with a use-case approach.

A common use-case in applications that interact with a content repository is to display or download content directly from a URL.

In the course of this use case several reports are generated, each being of interest to a specific stakeholder.

Traditional debuggers cannot help you learn the state of a GUI while it's executing a particular use case.

This article described the use case and requirements of the composite business process that you'll implement in the subsequent parts.

Diev [11] sees the possibility of two (or more? ) use case scenarios in one use case transaction.

Consider a use case that might have several relevant scenarios.

Another way to look at it is that a use case describes a way in which a real-world actor interacts with the system.

The basic process of turning what customers want into a use case provides this traceability among test deliverables.

That is, the loan submission system use case says "the system sends a request to the credit bureau for a copy of a credit report. "

In our use case, one common failure mode was that build interruptions could result in faked still running.

A sample use case and a typical implementation is illustrated in a sample user scenario, which follows.

Then, the developer or developers in charge of the use case should be responsible for completing their implementations afterwards.

Static testing of the use case can be driven by a checklist, and levels of scrutiny should involve testers.

If the use case didn't map to a SOW requirement, the bottom two fields showed "NONE. "

Describe the Business Use Case Realizations in terms of Business Workers and the messages that they exchange.

To make life a little more difficult, ASDI was expecting us to wrap up the use-case documentation before we proceeded with follow-on tasks.

Consider this very brief use case for a hypothetical browser-based software system for an auto rental company.

Take the same underlying instances and drive the test from the Use Case point of view and you get quite a different picture.

Figure 4 shows the basic flow of interactions among the participants in the Create Job Template use case realization.

The more black box, work-stream driven the test organization is, the more effectively primary use case documents can be applied to sizing.

Moving from a purely traditional (declarative) requirements approach to a use-case based approach introduces new requirement types.

The use case model also includes use case diagrams and activity diagrams that describe how users interact with the system.

So far we've covered the sample application from the use case, development and deployment perspectives.

If the new use case truly is a superset or extension of the old use case, this process results in a sound and reliable new best practice.

The number of (possible) instances of a use case depends on these variables.

The response of the system in a use case transaction may be written as one step.

This use case is one of the cornerstones of basic WebSphere MQ administrative hardening.

The best place in RUP to do this is the Use Case Modeling Guidelines document.

One use-case step dissected into two steps like this makes both requirements independent.

Finally, you can implement the traditional use case for exception handling over a block of code as shown in Listing 7.

This section walks through a use case in the Short Running area at the bottom of Figure 4.

Since a use case specification has at least a basic flow, it also has at least one transaction.

A UI-style use case would typically be interested only in the roles taken on by the physical users of the system.

Each process will correspond to a system use case (except manual and customer experience processes that lie outside the system boundary).

The use case models can be used as reference for new projects seeking re-use beyond the lifetime of a single delivery project.

Let us consider the previous use case where the Payroll service was secured and only users of the Payroll Auth role are allowed access.

UML activity diagrams document the logic of a single operation or method, a single use case, or the flow of logic of a business process.

Specifically, one must understand the various input possibilities that influence the outcome of a use case.

OO development focuses on incremental development of applications, implementing one business scenario or use case at a time.

Generally, technical people who understand UML and use-case modeling have trouble looking at a use case from the user point of view.

Unit testing isn't the only scenario where code coverage tools are useful, but it's certainly a major use case.

Figure 22 represents both the elements that are unique to a given use case (same color as the use case) and the common elements (green).

As noted earlier, the use case's flows of events retrieved from interaction with the users are unlikely to be complete.

The figure below summarizes the domain context and contains a simple use case narration of the business interactions.

The greatest impact use case implementation can have on a test organization is in test case creation.

It interconnects your use cases by providing a common vocabulary of terms with precise meanings for your use case descriptions.

Figure 6 shows the basic flow of interactions among the Create Job Template use case storyboard screens.

This diagram has already been shown in Figure 13, and represents the System Use Case Model.

A typical use case would be if you want to color-coordinate your clothes, and try to pick a tie that matches your shirt ". "

To illustrate the required transactional behavior, I'll focus on the use case where the customer decides to make a purchase.

The "round trip" approach to use case transactions shows its value in the case of estimating the complexity of user interfaces.

A use case enables a predecessor-successor relationship to be defined and instantiates the driver for the feature.

The use-case technique is an increasingly popular approach to capturing requirements and driving system development.

The answer instead is to recursively re-apply a use case-based approach to the innards of your current context.

In this use case, the consolidation process for the target data is now exposed as a service.

The activities or process steps that make up a given business process model can be analyzed to form the basis of use case modeling.

This article describes an example use case in which a UML modeler is transformed into a logical data model (LDM).

Examples of a capability pattern from the base RUP include "use-case based requirements management" and "validate build. "

This type of testing is called scenario testing, task-based testing, or use-case testing.

Since UML's inception, Activity diagrams have identified and addressed the need for describing the workflow of a business use case.

Consider using a business process diagram in place of an activity diagram to visually describe a more complex use case.

Our written use case is a description of a process: a business process for allowing a customer to reserve a vehicle from our business.

A use case is a description of a system in terms of a sequence of actions.

We've diagrammed only two of them so far, but the average use case will employ somewhere between three and fifteen transactions.

If any of these guidelines breaks Principle 2 and leads to use case proliferation, then don't apply the guideline!

Application development in Spring Web Flow is based on the concept of the Web flow, which typically represents a sole use case.

Only a small portion of the actual use case serves as direct input to a unit test case.

Notice how the exact wording of the use-case steps isn't used because the steps are often too wordy to fit nicely on a diagram.

Thus far we've modeled the submit loan request use case, but this use case is actually part of a larger loan processing system.

The resulting System Use Case model is shown in Figure 13, and includes all the use cases identified.

The session bean's behavior follows the collected behavior of the actor across the use case model.

A Use Case Storyboard is another of a Use Case, like it is the usual realization that you describe in the Analysis model.

This work flow is what the program will have to do at run time as a user works through the use case.

Knowing the user goals can influence the direction of a use case in radical ways.

By identifying all variable paths through the use case, testers can pinpoint where paths overlap those of other scenarios.

Figure 2: Use-case realization team sessions should include the system architect and developers responsible for implementing the use case.

This distinction is important because each step in a use case scenario must be attributed to an actor.

A few preliminary comments about how the use-case document is built are in order.

Video Rental use case, we describe what happens when a user interacts with a video rental system.

To demonstrate this architecture at work we are going to implement a sample use case - Purchase Item which defines a simple process flow.

Therefore, a strong link between BPM and the use case modeling activities is required for SOAD.

As output work products, the task defines a use-case realization as well as the analysis model comprising analysis classes.

The content shown in Figure 2 was pasted into each use case's documentation window to serve as a template.

The use case specification itself is abstract or generic, in the sense that you don't expect different flows for different search terms.

If your first cut at a use case description is a bit thin in helping you identify some analysis classes, then do the supplemented use-case.

As a learning exercise, try writing the code for the fourth use case yourself, but this time, sort by artist rather than by title.

Most developers incorrectly assume that ASMX requires IIS; after all, it's the only use case they've ever seen.

The use case is always described from the actor (or user) perspective.

All use case methods, formal or not, require supplementary documents for complete test case creation.

The use case of this article will be extended to explain the usage and reason for each operator.

To illustrate the Session Facade pattern, let's consider a use case where the user can debit her checking account to make a loan payment.

I prefer UML workflow diagrams when the use case is at all complicated.

In a relatively static use case, the routing rules would not change very often.

The method is no longer use case-oriented, but driven by business events and processes.

JSP calls - The calls to JSP(s) in a use case are shown in the sequence diagrams.

The use case provides just enough information to give the stakeholders a good understanding of its scope.

As we fleshed out the business use-case model, a number of objects emerged that were good candidates for the business object model.

Consequently, the approach to capturing and validating business rules is quite different from use-case development.

Business rules are policies that the business establishes that might effect the outcome of the use case.

If you're modeling a use case scenario, your sequence diagrams will generally represent an interaction with an external entity.

Such automated activities are often too fine grained to warrant a use case of their own.

It acts as a server when it provides one or more services necessary to achieving the goal of the use case.

Figure 12 shows the integrated view of the business model, requirements, and a business use case UML diagram in Rational Software Architect.

Use Case Storyboards provide an additional way of describing the realization of a Use Case.

This use case describes how the examiner displays the dashboard and the information that the dashboard displays.

Initial drafts of a service use case should focus on how the service behaves.

You can pick just one of these as your tool-of-choice, or you can pick and choose based on the use case.

The remainder of this article is basically a discussion of the contents of the design-level use case realizations.

As we noted earlier, every use case has a set of scenarios representing the main and alternate flows of events, respectively.

Querying on suspect links answers our last question, which tests are affected by a change in a use case?

Obviously, the customer in the Make Payment use case was an initiator.

I then use several examples to demonstrate the workings of the IOC container in a typical application use case scenario.

Are all Web applications going to be modeled with use-case diagrams and UML use-case points?

To link a use case to a document, you create an artifact on the use case diagram and connect the use case to the artifact.

The flow of events, or workflow, is a key element of a business use case.

Save the file with the same name as the template with a . def extension (use_case_model. def).

Each of these standalone tasks is a subset of the main use case.

Usage of a gateway ESB for this generic connectivity use case should also follow the SOA lifecycle.

Use case diagrams are among the standard Unified Modeling Language (UML) artifacts.

Business users who validate your requirements can feel quite comfortable with a use case-based approach.

A use case is a set of possible interactions in a system as its actors proceed toward a single, defined goal.

To provide a frame of reference for our discussion and sample, we based the artifacts on a simple Order Processing use case.

Traceability links can be created between the test suite definition and the use-case model, as illustrated in Figure 12.

Interactions with external entities are identified during the requirements gathering phase of establishing a use case model.

In software development, a use case represents a discrete unit of interaction between a user and the system being described.

The logic of a usage scenario may be part of a use case, perhaps an alternate course.

The specifications are very clear on when the use case is invoked within the business process.

This use case represents a Human Activity performed by a customer service representative who resolves issues of stock availability.

The screens required for user interactions defined by the use case are identified, including fields and navigation paths.

Transforming an LDM specification to a UML model is an equally valid and supported use case.

Messages fulfill the logic of the steps of the use case, summarized down the left-hand side of the diagram.

The context diagram and the activity diagram are not necessary, but help you visualize the use case and its position in the project.

She defines the architectural blueprints described in the use-case, logical, process, implementation, and deployment views.

Figure 6 illustrates how the introduction of a session bean modifies our Make Payment use case.

In this use case the mediator facilitates the communication between the two Systems via their System Interfaces.

You can use this link to navigate between the business process and the business use case that it realizes.

The previous test for a Null Customer was intended to prove that use case (however fictitious it maybe) and this it did well.

Another interesting and simpler use case for this method is in providing default values for arguments.

And the Rational RequisitePro use case document is just a click away.

So I will stick with Java-to-WSDL-to-Java which, as shown in the previous paragraph, is a very common use case.

Integrated Use Case Management enhances Rational Rose use-case modeling with powerful requirements management capabilities.

The way business use case realizations describe scenarios where users may interact with software systems is shown in Figure 4.