steel

The persistent slip bands were determined by the observations of the substructure near the surface of gear steels on fatigue load.

She can play with her friends, steels the oranges in the garden, and communicates with the little animals.

Low-carbon steel is often used as constructional steel, and low-carbon and medium-carbon steels are often used as machinery steel.

If we focus only on the materials normally known as steels, a simplified diagram is often used.

In modern steels they shouldn't break at all, but if they do it will be where the steel is thin and most easily bent, near the point.

HIGH STRENGTH STEELS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS. ASSESSMENT OF THE EMBRITTLING EFFECT OF A MEDIUM BY MEANS OF SLOW TENSILE TESTING.

Since the carbon content of these steels is so high, parts made from high carbon steel are normally difficult to machine and weld.

The following discussion applies principally to the heat treatment of ordinary commercial steels known as plain carbon steels.

The electric arc furnace is better for the production of special steels than any other types of furnace, since it needs no fuel.

Determination of the yield strength of nuclear reactor pressure vessel steels by means of amplitude-dependent internal friction.

Microstructural evolution in medium copper low alloy steels irradiated in a pressurized water reactor and a material test reactor.

Alloy steels are not normally used for most tools due to their increased cost, but for some have found favor for special applications.

Although the corrosion resistance of stainless steels is better than those of other metals, it could corrode under some specific conditions.

Tempering by grinding heat causes hardness change at the surface of the hardened steels .

This paper deals with the relation of the microstructure morphology of carbon steels to its impact abrasion resistance.

STEELS FOR CONCRETE. WELDABLE WIRES USED FOR THE FABRICATION OF REINFORCING STEELS.

Hot-dipped extra and ultra - strength galvanized steels have been widely used in automobile bodies for protecting them from being corroded.

The bar steels adopt I steels, angle steels or channel steels, or adopt steel plates which are welded into a cross shaped section.

The environmental protection sculpture made of discarded steels of the Expo pavilions.

Stainless steels have been widely used in various fields due to their good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

As we all know, corrosion-resistance is the special property of stainless steels, but this property is not shown in any case.

In order to let the vapors of zinc out, proper gap between multilayer zinc coated steels is supposed to be obligated.

The microstructure and mechanical properties of two high manganese austenite steels during tensile tests at room temperature were studied.

It steels them to hear accusations that they are committing "thought crimes" , or "treason" no less.

Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 2 : non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties.

These steels are used for tools which must resist high temperatures and corrosive atmospheres.

Carbon steels, aluminum, silicone rubber sheath materials are fine for lower temperatures (a few hundred degrees).

TRIP properties can be obtained in low plain-carbon Si- Mn steels and biomechanical properties can also be enhanced considerably.

Pipe steels for low-temperature applications and for application under sour gas constitute a special challenge for steel development here.

Contribution to a thermodynamic database and phase equilibria calculation for low activation Ta-containing steels.

Grained - steel , as a new material , can significantly improve the strength characteristic of steels through grained crystalloid.

Nitrogen has greater hardening ability with certain elements than with others, hence, special nitriding alloy steels have been developed.

All components and contacting parts are made of imported stainless steels for easy cleaning.

Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 4 : nickel alloy steels with specified low temperature properties.

Chemical analysis of steels. Determination of nitrogen content. Molecular absorption spectrophotometric method.

The relationships between corrosion of steels and environmental factors in sea water have been studied by grey relational analysis method.

Structural steels with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance. Technical delivery conditions.

Characterization of sulfide shapes in structural steels with improved machinability using standard diagrams. Micrographic method.

The corrosion of carbon steels in the oil field soil and its influencing factors were studied with artificial neural network technique.

It also includes application steels for bridges, pipes, pressure vessels, automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding and welding steel grades.

Every man is the master of his own fortune. ----R. Steels.

For surfacing welding or repair the parts of wear out face made by carbon steels, middle carbon steels and low-alloy steels.

But the remaining aluminum amount in cast steels is an important topic of the modern metallurgy teachers researching.

The element is used to harden certain steels, among other metallurgical uses, and is also used in semiconductor devices.

Concrete reinforcing steels. Reinforcing steels made of weldable indented wires. Part 1 : bars and coils.

Most can be attributed to a lack of familiarity with high-strength alloy steels.

Steels having less than the eutectoid amount of carbon (less than 0. 77%) are known as hypo-eutectoid steels.

Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 6 : weldable fine grain steels, quenched and tempered.

Steel gear are usually made of pain carbon steels or alloy steels.

Surface quality of cold drawn square steels and hexagons shall be in accordance with steels use for cutting steels.

When steels employed, the critical time should be avoid to prevent appearance of temper embrittlement.

Microstructural characterization of Irradiation-induced Cu-enriched clusters in reactor pressure vessel steels.

1Heat-treatment is used to normalize, to soften or to harden steels.

Due to their low carbon content, these steels cannot be hardened except by case hardening.

Copper is especially good for steel specimens since the usual etchants for steels will not attack the copper.

Pitting corrosion of steam turbine blading steels: the influence of chromium content , temperature, and chloride lon concentration .

Chemical analysis of ferrous materials. Determination of chromium in steels and irons. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.

Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 3 : weldable fine grain steels, normalized.

Tool steels are subjected to careful macroscopic and microscopic inspections to ensure that they meet strict "tool steel" specification.

Chemical analysis of ferrous materials. Determination of calcium in steels. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.

Modeling of microstructure evolution in austenitic stainless steels irradiated under light water reactor condition.

Intergranular stress corrosion cracking behavior of austenitic steels on hydrogenated high-temperature.

Ferretic stainless steels are generally used in automotive trim and exhaust systems, hot water tanks, and interior architectural trim.

The application results of the designed multicomponent cleansing agent alloy to clean steels are also discussed.

Chemical analysis of ferrous materials. Determination of nickel in steels and irons. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.

Chemical analysis of ferrous materials. Determination of niobium in steels. Spectrophotometric method.

Weldable structural steels for fixed offshore structures - Technical delivery conditions.

The article introduces microstructure evolution and mechanical hardening of three different kind steels during cold rolling.

It was found by experiments thatboron increased the growth rate of pearlite, both in hypoeutectoid and eutectoid steels.

The principle, method, technology, using scope and precautions of acid cleaning and passivation for stainless steels were introduced.

Chemical analysis of ferrous materials. Determination of lead in steels. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.

Welding consumables - Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded metal arc welding of high strength steels - Classification.

Stainless steel is a term used to describe high chromium and nickel-chromium steels.

The dies are made of special heat-resistant and wear-resistant tool steels.

The ferrite grain size of samples influenced the strength and elongation of dual-phase steels with different martensite contents.

The effects of the cryogenic treatment on the wear resistance of tool steel, other steels and cast iron materials were discussed.

This paper describes the principle rules and selection of consumables, shielding gases and welding parameters for du-ples stainless steels.

Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 5 : weldable fine grain steels, thermomechanically rolled.

Relationship between yield strength and near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracking resistance of pipeline steels-an effect of microstructure.

Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 1 : general requirements.

Electroplating and thermo-spraying as thr protective techniques for irons and steels and their development were introduced in this paper.

welding consumables . wire electrodes and deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels . classification.

Retention of implanted hydrogen and helium in martensitic stainless steels and their effects on mechanical properties.

Some high chromium steels can be hardened by heat treatment and are used where resistance to wear, abrasion, and corrosion are required.

Nitriding steels, by virtue of their alloying content, are stronger than ordinary steels and respond readily to heat treatment.

The present situation of the application of the steels and alloys in energy industry at home and abroad are discussed in this paper.

Iron and steel. Heat treatable steels for externally threaded, high performance fasteners for engineering purposes.

On the basis of systematical study, the comprehensive effects of alloying elements in cryogenic austenitic steels were analyzed.

steels where rapid removal is essential and subsurface damage is not a critical parameter.

the steels components at the scene of manufacture, but most of them are very complicated.

The cavitation erosion regularity of five steels of different heat treatments was studied using rotating disc testing equipment.

The feature of new developed HSLA steels for large heat input welding with low susceptivity to weld cracking was presented.

The properties of carbon steels depend on the amount of carbon contained. They are most widely used in industry.

For welding similar stainless steels, compound steel plate, dissimilar steels which can insisting sulphuric acid.

For welding similar extra low carbon stainless steels and joining of two dissimilar metals.

Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of steels with higher yield strength for cold forming - Technical delivery conditions.

Continuously hot - dip zinc coated structural steels strip and sheet - Technical delivery conditions .

RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK. ARC AND RESISTANCE WELDED JOINTS OF UNALLOYED OR LOW ALLOYED STEELS. RULES FOR CONCEPTION AND REALIZATION.

Some applications of tool steels include drills, deep drawing dies, shear blades, punches, extrusion dies, and cutting tools.

An R & D project was undertaken to make magnetic steels which fulfil the requirements for medical electronic accelerator.

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels. Classification.

By welding, opening holes in webs of section steels and increasing structural stirrups to solve the connection of bars and section steels.

Weldable steel drip forged articles for boilers and pressure vessels. Carbon and carbon-manganese steels. Grades and types .

Macrographic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size of steels.

For additional information about high temperature bearing steels, please contact the SKFapplication engineering service.

Design and fabrication processes and compositions for iron-based bulk metallic glass materials or amorphous steels.

The steels can obtain better strength and toughness by subsequent air cooling after hot forging or rolling without any heat treatment.

IRON AND STEEL. CASE HARDENED ALLOY STEELS FOR SOLID HIGHLY-STRESSED MECHANICAL PARTS. GRADES. SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS AND BARS.

In this paper the application classification for gear-used steels, metallurgy and forging quality control are described.

The concrete element was simulated by quadrilateral isoperimetric element. And the steels were distributed to concrete.

Nitriding steels - Technical delivery conditions.

The latest progress in development and application of advanced high strength steels for automobiles is introduced.

High strength steels may result in increased thickness, however, the resulting joint is strong, smooth and receivable.

A ratio of strength to thermal conductivity is proposed to characterize the adiabatic shearing sensitivity for steels.

Typical materials that can be cast with this process are iron, steel, stainless steels, and alloys of aluminum, copper and nickel.

The corrosivity of crude demetallization additive on different steels is evaluated by dynamic immersion test.

The amorphous steels may exhibit X-ray diffraction patterns as shown in Figure 1.

The microstructure and property of the free cutting unquenched plastic die steels have been studied.

The production process. standard. pass system and it's selection rules of U-section steels used in mine are introduced in this paper.

A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.

High-alloy air-hardened steels are never normalized, since to do so would cause them to harden and defeat the primary purpose.

The boride layers on different carbon steels have been extracted by etching in 18% HCl water solution and observed under SEM.

Steels - Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size.

In "Madness" a poet steels himself for one final stand after his village is ravaged by militants and he is trapped without food.

Rolling stock. Recommended steels for stock construction. VII unalloyed and alloy heat treated steels.

POWDER METALLURGY. REQUIREMENTS FOR INFILTRATED STEELS.

The alloying characteristics and alloy combinations of standard alloy spring steels are analysed.

AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS AND NI - CR - FE AUSTENITIC STAINLESS ALLOYS. INTERGRAIN CORROSION UNDER STRESS TEST IN SODIUM TETRATHIONATE.

For surfacing welding or repair the wear out face made by low carbon steels and middle carbon steels, as axle, gear and blade of mixer.

Sorts, properties and applications of series K cold work tool and mould steels in developed countries were introduced.

Present investigation is focused on the recrystallization characteristic of drawable cold rolled sheet steels during rapid heating.

The ferrous metals can be classified into steels, cast irons, and wrought irons.

AEROSPACE SERIES. ELECTROLYTIC POLISHING OF CORROSION RESISTING STEELS AND HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS. (EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 3769).

AEROSPACE SERIES. PASSIVATION OF CORROSION RESISTING STEELS AND DECONTAMINATION OF NICKEL BASE ALLOYS. (EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 2516).

Powder metallurgy. Sintered steels and alloys excluding hardmetals. Determination of total carbon and non-combined carbon contents.

WELDABLE STEEL FORGINGS FOR BOILERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS. HIGH YIELD STRENGTH ALLOY STEELS. GRADES AND TYPES.

Tungsten. Like molybdenum forms hard carbides which preserve the hardness of tool steels at high temperature.

WELDED STEEL FORGINGS FOR BOILERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS. CARBON AND CARBON MANGANESE STEELS. GRADES AND TYPES.

Research was conducted on characteristics of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) in several steels by contained exploding cylinder technology.

As a basis for the trials, low-carbon steels with limited additions of manganese and silicon were selected [2].

Chemical analysis of ferrous materials. Determination of manganeses in steels and irons. Electrometric titration method.

Austenitic CrNi Steels and their corresponding castings are permissible.

The application of Nb microalloying technologies is beneficial to produce microalloyed steels with low production cost.

Iron and steel. Methods of determination of the non metallic inclusion content of wrought steels. Part 1 : macroscopic methods.

Note that soft steels can be difficult to machine, with built-up edge formation and poor surface finish.

Global sales of speciality and high-strength steels are expected to be about 20m tonnes this year, worth about $30bn.

The range of products will include carbon steel, HSLA steel, silicon steels and modern multiphase steels.

PRESSURE VESSELS. SEAMLESS STEEL GAS VESSELS. TYPES OF STEELS. SEMI FINISHED PRODUCTS.

The export license of steels listed in the announcement shall be effective in 3 months as from release of the license.

Other applications where high carbon steels are well suited include drill bushings, locators, and wear pads.

Its comprehensive coverage focuses on passivation (repassivation and depassivation) techniques with austenitic stainless steels.

Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs - Technical delivery conditions.

For welding of carbon steels and 500Mpa high strength steels, used in car, building, ship-building and bridge.

Rolling stock. Recommended steels for rolling stock construction. VI cold forming steels.

Characters of high nitrogen steels refining with high pressure and bottom blown nitrogen was expounded.

Fwelding hot resisting stainless steels working in high temperature, also can welding lining stainless steels, dissimilar steels etc.

Hydrogen embrittlement can become important in martensitic steels.

The working ideas of developing high quality products of low alloy and microalloy steels are summarized in detail.

The parameters which affect the toughness of high grade pipeline steels were studied using electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).

Except Co and Al, almost all alloying elements dissolved in austenite can improve the hardenability of steels.

X80 pipeline steels with various alloying concepts and alloying systems can be used in the Second West-East Gas Pipeline Project.

Stainless steels. Part 3 : technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, and sections for general purposes.

Ltd. . . The steels poured involved plain carbon steel, hard string steel and steel holding little alloy.

The effects of irradiation and testing temperature on tensile behaviour of stainless steels.

Hot-rolled products of non alloy structural steels. Technical delivery conditions.

Environmental effects on fatigue crack initiation in piping and pressure vessel steels.

The alloying elements used most often in steels are manganese, nickel, molybdenum, and chromium.

Ma in measurements of improving the quality of ferritic stainless steels are summarized briefly.

A homogenous and dense film of PAn coating on electrode of stainless steels has better corrosion resistance.

During the past 20 years, several processes have been introduced to obtain enhanced surface hardness of steels.

Magnetic stainless steels that have a low carbon content and contain chromium as the main alloying element, usually between 13% and 17%.

Cold form welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels. Part 2 : tolerances, dimensions and sectional properties.

Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete - Test methods - Part 3 : prestressing steels.

Temperature effect on the corrosion mechanism of austenitic and martensitic steels in lead-bismuth.

solution, the varying alloys in the steels react differently, thus giving me an array of interesting colors.

The fundamental research and industry trials of the 3rd generation automobile steels was introduced.

Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain structural steels. Part 1 : technical delivery requirements.

The structures and properties of bainitic steels with various carbon contents have been studied.

Chemical compositions and mechanical properties of weldable cast steels made in different countries have been analyzed and contrasted.

aerospace series . hydrogen embrittlement of steels . test by slow bending.

Bright steel products. Technical delivery conditions. Part 2 : steels for general engineering purposes.

Because of stainless steels resistance to water-induced corrosion, inspection of 10% of a stainless system is considered acceptable.

Three types of strength matching of welded joints for different steels were reviewed.

Steels - Determination of depth of decarburization.

High bending fatigue strength and contact fatigue strength are needed for heavy duty gear steels.

It makes cutting tools, specialty steels and mining and construction equipment.

Hardened tool steels and carbides are effectively machined with this method.

Furthermore, the requirements on multi-phase hot-rolled and cold-rolled steels according to different specifications are mentioned.

The different steels were strained by simple shear, uniaxial tension, Marciniak and equibiaxial stretching.

Iron and steel. Heat treated special steels for quenching after surface treating. Types.

WELDABLE STEEL FORGINGS FOR BOILERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS. MO, MN-MO AND CR-MO ALLOY STEELS. GRADES AND TYPES.

This paper investigated the very high cycle fatigue(VHCF)behavior of two low alloy steels.

IRON AND STEEL. ROUND SPRING STEEL WIRES. PATENTED DRAWN SPRING WIRES OF HARD UNALLOYED STEELS.

Its comprehensive coverage focuses on electron beam welding of steels and alloys .

The change of microstructure and hardness of TRIP steels (type K and B) after laser welding was studied.

There are four broad classifications of steel : carbon steels, alloy steels, high-strength low-alloy steels and stainless steels.

GENERAL PURPOSE FORGINGS. STAINLESS STEELS.

Cold form welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels. Part 1 : technical delivery requirements.

Valves - Materials for bodies, bonnets and covers - Part 2 : steels other than those specified in European Standards.

The sorts and properties of powder metallurgy tool and die steels abroad were summarized.

Steel rod, bars and wire for cold heading and cold extrusion - Part 3 : technical delivery conditions for case hardening steels.

Bright steel products. Technical delivery conditions. Part 5 : steels for quenching and tempering.

Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 3 : arc welding of stainless steels.

Steel rod, bars and wire for cold heading and cold extrusion - Part 5 : technical delivery conditions for stainless steels.

A great variety of steels are used in industry. It is necessary to classify them in some ways.

These men must be familiar with the qualities and properties of different steels in order to advise their customers.

Reducing annealing furnace : The furnace is used to anneal and reduce cold rolled carbon steels.

Low carbon steels are soft, tough steels that are easily machined and welded.

A unique Chinese minding sport. Wushu builds strong mrear end. steels the willpower and give training in fighting skills.

Steel products. Special purpose unalloy and alloy structural steels for heat traitement. Determination of depth of decarburization.

In this paper, the formability of cold rolled steels after laser welding were analyzed.

Bright steel products. Technical delivery conditions. Part 4 : case-hardening steels.

In addition, alumina is the origin of fatigue crack and thus impairs the fatigue property of bearing steels, rail steels and wheel steels.

Valves - Materials for bodies, bonnets and covers - Part 1 : steels specified in European Standards.

Quenched and tempered steels - Part 1 : technical delivery conditions for specials steels.

However, the welding technique of the ultra-fine grained steels hasn't been solved thoroughly as yet.

Concrete reinforcing steels. Non weldable ribbed bars and wire rods.

Hot-rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steels. Part 1 : general delivery conditions.

A high percentage of lead in steels solidifies at the tip of manganese sulfide inclusions.

all other details , such as slides , heel blocks , gibs , wedge blocks , etc . should also be of hardened tool steels.

Steels delivered by polishing shall have surface without defectiveness .

Bright steel products. Technical delivery conditions. Part 3 : free-cutting steels.

Heavy rail steels, PD2 and PD3, are chosen for the investigation of the impact toughness in as-rolled and reheated state.

Stainless steels possess good hardness and high strength.

In order to meet the higher mechanical properties requirements for welded joint of high strength structural bridge steels, high. . .

Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 2 : non-alloy quality and special steels.

At elevated temperatures(above 800F)marked changes in mechanical properties occur in steels.

Diffusion of atomic hydrogen through steels depends on a number of factors such as temperature, time and composition of the material.

An expert system for welding process design for structural steels has been developed.

Steels and wheels, all is traffic, people, sharing the same road for a brief moment in time, and becoming companions on the way.

Valve steels and alloys for internal combustion engines.

A single die may contain 10 or more different steels plus several non-ferrous metals and special heat resisting alloys.

Steel forgings for pressure purposes - Part 4 : weldable fine grain steels with high proof strength.

Harder steels result in better chip formation and surface finish.

This allows the use of computers to predict the micro structures and ultimate performances of steels.

Based on building process, applied range, anchor design, author disserts to the problem of steels connection in repaired house in detail.

The effect of fining treatment of carbide and grain on bearing steels fatigue life was investigated.

General thinking to draw up the isothermalizing process according to TTT digram of steels has been probed into.

Double phase stainless steels should be taken into account in some environments.

steel . conversion of elongation values . part 2 : austenitic steels.

This paper studies the effect of nitrogen on the impact properties of low alloyed structure steels.

The metallurgist has made iron into dozens of different metals or alloy steels, as we call them.

Cast carbon steels for general engineering .

It is an important carbide stabilizer in making steels.

The role of vanadium in low and microalloyed steels and the main products of vanadium microalloyed steels were introduced.

Various steels are needed for different purposes.

Creep resisting steels, nickel and cobalt alloys.

Open die steel forging for general engineering purposes - Part 3 : alloy special steels.

For welding of important carbon steels and certain low-alloy steels coordination with HJ431.

All kinds of austenitic stainless steels can be polished with this solution and good effect will . . .