short-sellers

However, says Professor Bris: "This sort of market manipulation is no more characteristic of short-sellers than of bullish investors. "

It is often equally difficult for the companies to disprove the short sellers' allegations quickly to stem the fall of their share prices.

Given the paucity of public data in China, it is often hard for short sellers to prove fraud or to quantify its presence.

So it looks like this was a bear market rally, fuelled by short sellers taking profits.

If the company does not put these types of issues on the table, the chorus of short sellers will increase.

Short sellers aim to profit from share declines by selling shares and then buying them back in the market at a lower price.

In many such stocks, about 20% to 40% of the market capitalization is already out on loan to short sellers.

By blaming the short sellers, Mr Fuld echoed the testimony of a fellow victim of the credit crisis earlier this year.

On Wall Street, no doubt, the short sellers have taken note.

It says protecting only a few big banks will cause short sellers to target smaller ones.

Short sellers, or "shorts, " have been blamed for almost every financial crisis in the 400 years since the Dutch episode.

During the crisis, the lack of an uptick rule was cited by many as enabling short sellers to drive stock prices lower.

Where other forms of the uptick rule present merely a speed bump to would-be short sellers, the latest proposal is more restrictive.

The report also urged full disclosure of the number of listed company shares on loan to potential short sellers.

The short-sellers' claim that they make markets more efficient is backed up by almost every academic study on the subject.

Even with short sellers now willing to pay through the nose to borrow stock, the supply has virtually dried up.

In recent weeks , financial services companies on three continents have been under siege from short- sellers .

In sophisticated markets such as the United States, there rarely have been restrictions on short sellers such as the ones taken this week.

Short sellers, who borrow stocks then sell them in the hope of buying them back at a lower price, have reaped a bonanza.

Short-sellers are a particularly easy target: their hope that prices will fall hardly seems constructive.

Today, the ire of the usually powerful who find themselves powerless is directed at short-sellers and hedge fund managers.

According to Credit Suisse there was a brief period of outperformance in the protected shares as short-sellers reduced their positions.

Securities Lending When a brokerage lends securities owned by its clients to short sellers.

The business involves lending out securities to short sellers or others and investing the collateral for gains.

Short sellers aim to profit from falling prices by borrowing shares and selling them in the hope of buying them back for less.

Politicians have blamed short-sellers for hobbling both European banks and governments, with little evidence to back that up.

Clearing firms, prime brokers, hedge funds, and other substantial holders of large diversified portfolios loan securities for short sellers.

Another reason for momentum in property markets is the fact that there are no short-sellers.

To the short-sellers, a cursory inspection of various indicators makes it "obvious" that China is a giant bubble.

Once that happened, the bearish short sellers stepped in, and the bulls couldn't overpower them this time.

Even in good times, short sellers are disdained for betting against the continuing party.

Its shares are also among the most expensive for short-sellers to borrow according to Data Explorers.

Chasing the short sellers suggests that European regulators have their priorities wrong.

Are short sellers also to be shot by the National Guard?

Don't be blinded by the dust of the short sellers, who are virtually carpet bombing Chinese stocks lately.

Momentum effects are yet another reason to refrain from imposing restrictions on short-sellers.

Short-sellers are far from the biggest force weighing in.

But short sellers perform a valuable social function by depriving poorly managed companies of resources they will waste.

Surely, granting entry to short-sellers now would make mincemeat of the $1, 800bn domestic currency "A" share market?

Toss in a few short sellers and you have the great Wall Street collapse of September 2008.

Even countries which dropped their bans have imposed tighter rules on short sellers.

The Low Bears make money when prices fall, with each downtick making money for short sellers.

Longtop has said an independent investigation is reviewing Deloitte's concerns and the short sellers' allegations.

Short-sellers are meant to start reporting relevant positions from today.

Conspiracies of short sellers can weaken sound businesses.

In 2002 accounting sleuths and short-sellers became suspicious of Fannie's smoothly growing earnings.

It was not an office designed for short-sellers.

"They all look very interesting from a short-sellers perspective, " said Chanos, founder of Kynikos Associates LP.

Short sellers are apparently running the market for China stocks.

If this suspicion is accurate, it is unfair that regulators should take aim at short-sellers.

All three short sellers said they acted independently.

But short sellers were becoming suspicious because of its stellar results.

A small bounce may come around 650 for the S&P as short sellers take profits around that level, Mr. Strazzullo says.

Now, the short sellers are being targeted again.

The move triggered a 40 per cent surge in the group's share price, hammering short-sellers who had taken the opposite position.

Such spats are creating a paradise for short sellers.

That forced short sellers, who bet against stocks, to buy back Lexmark shares, driving them higher.

Sometimes, lenders of securities tell several short sellers that they can borrow the same shares.

Short sellers sell borrowed shares with plans to buy them back later at a lower price.

And the short sellers panic and drive the UYG up by over 25% in a single day.

Now, it is short sellers in the hot seat.

Hong Kong put forward a requirement that short-sellers submit weekly reports detailing their positions at certain benchmarks.