shale gas

Foam cementing is commonly used for cementing in a shale gas well, while perforation after casing set is often for well completion.

AT A recent shindig in London of the shale-gas industry, energy firms gave a rosy view of the fuel's prospects in Europe.

He also made an elaborate criticism of shale gas--extracted using novel technologies that he said were environmentally disastrous.

Fracking may begin later this summer, and for now, the size of Poland's shale gas reserves can only be guessed at.

Coupled with a sensitivity to the rural charms of la France profonde, this has led to a moratorium on shale-gas exploration in France.

Of course, the oil spigot is not going to run dry tomorrow. There is still coal, tar sands, heavy oil and shale gas.

Still, until just a few years ago much the same was said about shale gas.

And PetroChina officials are exploring new shale gas and coal-bed methane opportunities all over the country.

Total organic content and maturity level are key parameters used for shale gas evaluation.

But if shale gas starts to replace natural gas in Europe, all these plans could go up in smoke.

She cautions, however, that it is too soon to tell how the shale-gas fields will be developed.

But it inflamed environmental groups who say the technology used to extract shale gas is environmentally damaging.

Nor, he said, was he worried by the development of shale gas as an alternative source of energy.

The old continent has nearly as much technically recoverable shale gas (natural gas trapped in shale formations) as America.

At the other end of the scale, new shale-gas fields expand incrementally, with the addition of small wells costing as little as $5m each.

But they would not address the big problem with shale gas and all fossil fuels: the global warming they cause.

He also frets that heavy-handed regulation may stop America from taking advantage of its vast reserves of shale gas.

BP expects the shale gas revolution that has already transformed the U. S. natural gas market to continue apace.

As an unconventional gas reservoir, the calculation method of shale gas differs from conventional gas reservoirs.

Net thickness, organic content, matrix porosity and natural fractures are the key factors for shale gas enrichment.

The shale gas boom in the US has led to a big drop in its carbon emissions, as power generators switch from coal to cheap gas.

Determined by its characteristics different from conventional natural gas production, shale gas development has its unique pattern.

Also, America's shale-gas revolution, coinciding with recession, has left the market oversupplied.

But abundant shale gas in the United States has rendered hedges against mild weather less important.

AMERICA'S shale-gas boom is set to reverse the flow of the international trade in oil and gas.

Producing shale gas uses lots of energy and water, and can cause pollution in several ways.

The country might be producing its first shale gas at scale before the current five-year plan is over.

With these fracturing techniques and laboratory and logging technologies available, shale gas development will be even more promising.

Shale gas in the U. S. and elsewhere threatens the markets for Russia's traditional gas.

Shale gas could free the country from its dependence on coal, a dirtier fuel, which currently accounts for 95% of Polish power generation.

Shale gas, as an unconventional natural gas, mainly exists in states of absorption or free.

Last month CNPC signed a memorandum with Encana, a Canadian firm known for its shale assets, that could lead to a shale gas joint venture.

Ever-more-available shale gas brought a cheap and reliable alternative route to domestically fuelled electricity.

Thanks to the shale gas boom, moreover, the US has much less need for imported liquefied natural gas than previously projected.

There is an upside for international oil and gas companies, especially those with strong knowledge in shale gas, Wood Mackenzie notes.

and reaffirmed the role of the Oil and Gas Industry Forum in promoting shale gas development in both countries.

Shale gas is also likely to divert investment in Britain from pricier but carbon-free nuclear and renewable-energy sources.

Shale gas, as well as gas from other unconventional sources, will swell the ranks of gas producers.

Finally, though the reserves discovered now may last for decades, shale gas is ultimately an exhaustible resource.

The new kid on the energy block, shale gas, may be worse in climate change terms than coal, a study concludes.

As of 2009, shale gas made up 14% of the U. S. natural gas supply, according to the Energy Information Association.

The exploration of shale gas and coal-bed methane is an important field of the non-conventional gas exploration.

The spot gas market, it argues, is too small to dent Gazprom's position; shale gas production has big environmental risks.

Yet the companies recognise that working shale gas is different from conventional production.

Already this year, PetroChina has paid $5. 4bn for a 50 per cent stake in a Canadian shale gas project owned by EnCana, the energy group.

Environmental regulations and cheap shale gas will leave miners looking for new markets overseas.

America's shale-gas revolution, based on methods developed by the likes of Chesapeake, has turned the global gas market on its head.

Total and BP have joined projects started by Chesapeake Energy, a shale-gas producer long on expertise and short on cash.

However, several foreign firms, including Shell, are working on shale gas exploration.

But US researchers found that shale gas wells leak substantial amounts of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.

Chesapeake is also talking to Asian investors about buying as much as a 10% stake in the Marcellus shale-gas field in the Eastern U. S.

The risks need independent study, and both shale-gas producers and environmental regulators need to take them seriously.

Therefore, we first introduce the status quo of and the newest advances in the global shale gas drilling and completion.

This makes locally produced shale gas, supplied on flexible terms, look attractive.

The deal gives Chevron access to the giant Marcellus shale-gas formation that lies beneath Pennsylvania and other states.

SHALE gas has turned the American energy market on its head.

Samson owns drilling rights in several shale-gas formations, including in North Dakota.

Other European countries are less gung-ho about shale gas, often for environmental reasons.

The recent fall in gas prices and exports, and the prospect of competition from shale gas, are big worries for Gazprom.

This covers solar thin-films, biofuels, coal-to-liquids, shale gas and smart grids, all with U. S. partners.

Shale gas, extracted from rock by the controversial process of racking, will make up a fifth of supplies by that date.

This follows a shale-gas deal between China's Cnooc Ltd. and U. S. -based Chesapeake Energy Corp. in January.

Energy consulting firm Wood Mackenzie Ltd. estimates that potential U. S. shale-gas resources total 650 trillion cubic feet.

And China, which also has lots of unexploited shale gas, has few scruples about burning cheap coal.

Peter Voser, the boss of Royal Dutch Shell, an oil firm with big shale-gas investments, expects it to double by 2015.

China has widespread shale development and expectable shale gas exploration prospect.

But the deals also mark a bet by Chinese companies on how shale gas will affect world-wide energy markets.

Shale gas is an important unconventional source of natural gas.

Apart from the ventures in the U. S. to learn new technology, China is also signing deals on its home turf to develop shale gas.

Cuadrilla's announcement could lead to sharp upward revisions in estimates of Britain's shale-gas potential.

Shale gas has become a hotspot for resource development worldwide.

There is considerable uncertainty about the amounts of recoverable shale gas in both developed and undeveloped areas.

Direct evidence of shale gas development in Sichuan Basin has been found, e. g. , Weiyuan.

Shale gas may generate taxes. But the political price of saving the planet has gone up.

Some European countries are keen to replicate America's shale-gas boom.

POLAND may have western Europe's largest reserves of shale gas.

Shale gas can be controversial.

But the move to gas, and to shale-gas in particular, demands a shift in the majors' business models.

BHP Billiton boosted its energy portfolio by agreeing to pay $4. 8 billion for shale-gas assets in Arkansas.

The country's Energy Information Administration released a report in April that looked at 48 shale-gas basins in 32 countries (see map).

OPEC surely heeds the lesson of U. S. natural gas, where high prices led to the development of shale gas, causing prices to tank.

has been pursuing deals overseas in shale gas and other types of unconventional gas supplies.

There is still coal, tar sands, heavy oil and shale gas.

The shale-gas bounty is not confined to America.

And in December Exxon Mobil offered $41 billion for XTO Energy, another shale-gas specialist.

And higher prices earlier this decade made U. S. shale gas viable.

In June, France became the first country to ban shale-gas exploration.

Using new model of reserves calculation based on pore size to evaluate shale gas resources in Sichuan Basin.

As a proportion of America's overall gas production shale gas has increased from 4% in 2005 to 24% today.

The development of shale-gas reserves beyond North America is still at an early stage.

But the extraction of shale gas is controversial.

Methane levels from the hydraulic fracturing of shale gas were 9, 000 times higher than previously reported.

The organic-rich shale formations are abundant in China, thus the prospects of shale gas exploration and production are bright.

The importance of Poland in the Kremlin's eyes has grown along with the prospects of shale gas in the country.

In Oct 2007, we just signed a Shale Gas Joint Study Agreement with Petro China.

It has also expressed interest in potential shale gas deposits in China.

The US overtook it thanks to mushrooming production from "unconventional" sources, such as shale gas.

China shale gas boom could surpass U. S.

Such techniques are now being applied in other countries with big shale-gas resources, such as China.

Not only does North America have vast reserves of shale gas and oil.

HSBC's Mr. O'Malley believes the Chinese are likely getting close to having enough shale-gas know-how to develop their own reserves.

It also has untapped potential in oil sands and unconventional fuels such as shale gas.

In recent years, exploration and production of shale gas in America have been developing in large scale and at high speed.

This is not the first collaboration of PetroChina and Shell. The two started joint exploration of a shale-gas block in China last year.

Companies spent a record $21bn on shale gas acquisitions in the first half of 2010, according to Wood Mackenzie, the consultancy.

shale gas; geological characteristics; Delphi method; resource extent calculation; distribution;

Memorandum of Cooperation between the State Department and the National Energy Administration on Shale Gas Resources

shale gas; geological regional selection; shale gas resources volume; shale gas evaluating index; shale gas evaluating criteria;

the south of Eastern Depression ; gas logging curve ; shale gas ; favorable zone ; resource extent

Though more research into the damage shale-gas extraction may do to the environment is needed

Shale gas will improve global security of energy supplies

The shale gas and oil bonanza is transforming America's energy outlook and boosting its economy

Reservoiring Mechanism of Shale Gas and Its Distribution

Reservoiring Conditions and Exploration Foreground for Shale Gas in Southern China

Basic Geological Characteristics of Shale Gas

World Shale Gas Resources: An Initial Assessment of 14 Regions Outside the United States

PetroChina discovers shale gas in Sichuan

Before shale gas appeared on the scene

Shale gas in Europe and America

Shale gas 'worse than coal' for climate

The hunt for shale gas in Europe

Eagle Ford shale gas block

Resource Potential and Development Foundation of Shale Gas in China

Shale gas should make the world a cleaner, safer place

Suggestions from the development of fractured shale gas in North America

This is perhaps why Poland has been quickest to embrace shale gas;

Development Foundation of Shale Gas in China

The main sign of this now is the development of the shale-gas market in America

Resource Potential of Shale Gas in China

3 Favorable Shale Gas Areas in China Southern

2 Reservoiring Conditions for Shale Gas in China Southern

Types of shale gas in China