receptor

when the surface of the skin gets too cold , skin receptors send signals to the brain , which tries to warm us up in different ways.

Measuring how much energy is transferred between the two dyes indicates the activity of the receptors.

"More could lessen or even undo" any benefits, he said, by overloading the muscles' receptors or otherwise skewing the body's response.

"We were trying to activate these receptors on a very fast time scale, " he says. "It's not that easy to do. "

The chemicals diffuse quickly across the minute gap between the neurons and dock with receptors on the surface of the receiving neuron.

This paper considers the influence of such a pair of receptors in the performance of the living system.

In one with broken receptors, a mere 6% is enough to overload other tissues to the point where lipids would be toxic.

Estrogen is a strong growth regulator of the prostate stromal cells, it produces a marked effect by means of binding to specific receptors.

The expression of the angiogenic factors was coordinated with that of their receptors and significantly correlated with MVD.

These churn out proteins, and those proteins bind to the receptors, but they do not tweak them in a way that passes the message on.

Research into the receptors that attract unique molecules into the cells is beginning to unlock the secrets of several diseases.

Humans have kept the "light bulb, " however -- we have androgen receptors, but ours don't produce whiskers or penile spines, he said.

Your body is an amazing machine and the network of nerves and sensory receptors in the body transmit all the information as it is received.

As a low selectivity in the receptors, most PD reactions from Chinese herbal monomer extracts turn out to be diversified.

The results showed that the maximum binding, ED50 and the number of solubilized receptors were reduced as the age of erythrocytes increased.

Though the neuronal circuits rarely change, the receptors are constantly being recycled and presented again on the surface.

Sense of touch, vision and receptors in the muscles and joints help the brain keep track of the body.

Our personal portfolio of smell receptors will like the body odour of some partners more than others.

Picciotto is an expert on the function of nicotine receptors located on the surface of neurons.

You see, humans have only about 400 odorant receptors on the surface of those sensory neurons.

But people with schizophrenia do not respond this way, which implies that their brain circuits reliant on NMDA receptors are out of kilter.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its receptors may be the pivotal stimulants in the process of growth and metastasis of a neoplasm.

They pinpointed a common variation in the gene called MTNR1B, which codes for one of the body's two known melatonin receptors.

Evolution acts on the distribution of these receptors to generate social or non-social versions of a vole.

When the same people listened to less moving music the next day, their dopamine receptors remained wide open.

Cryptochrome is one of the important receptors in the plants responding to environmental signals, sensing to blue light and UV-A.

Generally the lower the initial number of dopamine receptors, the higher the rate of cocaine use, the researchers found.

The device -- known as a subretinal implant -- sits underneath the retina, directly replacing light receptors lost in retinal degeneration.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate the activation of a variety of important target genes.

Cells of the immune system express these receptors and are responsive to the modulatory effects of adenosine in an inflammatory environment.

In the case of stress, previous studies have suggested that methylation of the gene which encodes glucocorticoid receptors is important.

After a meal, fatty acids enter cells, triggering the receptors to rev up the body's energy-burning motor.

In adulthood, the number of these receptors fell back to an intermediate level.

The recognition and sensing properties of these receptors were studied by the cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis techniques.

Among the arsenal of weapons in the snakes' venom is one especially potent neurotoxin that works by binding to receptors on muscle cells.

His face is the area that has most receptors, because by rubbing his cheek on his mommy's breasts the child will find his food.

The team found that these cells react to nickel when a group of receptors known as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are present.

As the sea lion pups splash happily in the water, they're revealing their location to the finely tuned sonar receptors of the whales.

After a few weeks of sticking to a firm salt reduction plan the salt receptors adjust and become much more sensitive to salt.

In comparison to a MIP prepared via a more "traditional" approach, the new polymeric receptors exhibit reduced nonspecific binding.

Maybe not surprisingly, in the deep ocean, where it's mostly blue, the photo receptors tend to see blue light.

Beta blockers halt this process by blocking adrenaline receptors and slowing the heart rate.

DNA that encodes insect receptors are injected into a frog egg and given sufficient time to produce and localize proteins.

Mice which lacked adenosine receptors did not benefit from acupuncture treatment, which further supports the study's findings.

In fact, insulin receptors are found all over the body.

Now a new study of mice shows that insertion of an acupuncture needle activates nearby pain-suppressing receptors.

But that pain is just an illusory side-effect of our confused neural receptors. There is nothing "hot" about spicy food.

Antihistamines work by blocking the action of histamines at its receptors and thus decreasing the body's reaction to allergen.

Mifepristone is an antagonist of 1 of the body's 2 cortisol receptors and its progesterone receptor.

Testing done on rats showed if they did not have enough NMDA receptors, their memory did not improve when given low alcohol doses.

They may suppress angiogenesis , induction of apoptosis and down-regulation of hormone receptors expression.

What if, with the same supplement, you could amplify your muscle's androgen receptors ability to switch on muscle growth?

Nicotine hooks onto a variety of receptors, or docking sites, on the surface of cells.

Different sub-type receptors of somatostatin were found on the surface of cell membrane.

As a result, the surface of the egg is covered with the mosquito odorant receptors.

Therefore, its corresponding receptors which mediate adiponectin's biological effects represent potential versatile therapeutic targets.

Inhibiting the signalling activity of individual receptors in this family has advanced the treatment of a range of human cancers.

abstract: The innate immune system recognizes pathogen-associated molecular pattern through a series of pattern recognition receptors.

Insulin enters and circulates in the blood and acts on the insulin receptors present in muscle, fat cells and other tissues of the body.

Intriguingly, they also showed that these receptors were of a different type than those known to trigger tobacco craving in smokers.

The fovea has only cones , and the blind spot or papilla has no receptors .

Numerous plant proteins resembling eukaryotic receptors have been implicated in the perception of pathogen-derived signal molecules.

In people with severe learning disabilities, the receptors along the central relay point may be damaged. . .

Apart from the autonomic nervous system, the nerve receptors for smell also lie in the mucous membranes at the top of the nasal cavity.

Antibodies targeting viral antigens, and those directed to the cellular receptors, have been considered for use in prevention and therapy.

These seemingly subtle mutations may represent the minimal change necessary to allow an avian-type HA to bind to mammalian-type receptors.

Insulin binds to what are called insulin receptors on your cells.

TRP receptors are known to be sensitive to changes in temperature and are likely responsible for temperature sensation.

This was categorized as such because its activity was inhibited through stimulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

The receptors for other hormones and for neurotransmitters, however, are located in the cell membrane of the target cell.

Go with your gut: Japanese scientists recently identified umami receptors not only on the tongue but throughout the digestive tract.

The characteristics of insulin binding of solubilized insulin receptors from human erythrocytes of different ages have been studied.

The mystery is why the variant of DARC that leaves red blood cells without receptors should be so harmful.

In the thymus, immature T cells display on their surface many thousands of unique receptors, generated by random gene rearrangements.

Moreover, dopamine is particularly implicated in schizophrenia. Haloperidol, an antipsychotic drug, works by blocking dopamine receptors.

The blocking of these receptors causes paralysis, respiratory failure and death.

By going back and examining them, they discovered that fatty food activated CB1 receptors in part of the upper intestine, the jejunum.

Both GABA and nicotinic receptors had been suspected of inolement in nicotine addiction, but these findings strengthen those suspicions.

Recently drugs that act on cannabinoid receptors- the ones that mediate marijuana's effects- have been advancing through clinical trials.

These receptors feed the signals they receive to a delicate complex of protein-based machines that process and store the information.

Objective To investigate the conjugation specificity of Streptococcus mutants " adhesins and their salivary receptors. "

Tributylin alters cell receptors, which control the genes that grow fat cells and govern the body's metabolism, new research suggests.

It has been realized that the brain responds to morphine and that morphine receptors are in the brain.

H2 receptors has its own bionomics. The application of its receptor antagonist has potential value in therapy of colon cancer.

NR2B subunits which are highly expressed in the cortex, hippocampus and olfactory bulb, are one of the key subunits of NMDA receptors.

This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.

Without adenosine receptors, the chemical will have no effect on the mice when it is released in their bodies.

Still, genetic problems in these two receptors would not explain all cases of obesity or even very many.

They had assumed the receptors would be restricted to the tongue, soft palate, upper oesophagus and epiglottis.

The researchers also showed that, as the offspring aged and fathers became detached from them, the abundance of vasopressin receptors fell.

After 15 minutes of listening, scientists injected participants with a radioactive substance that binds to dopamine receptors.

Rather, it may have to do with airflow and how smells are brought to receptors in the nose.

Upon attempting to move to end-range, shortened structures are prematurely stretched and deformed which stimulates nociceptive receptors.

Researchers say there are some receptors of this gene in the brain and that this could affect pain sensitivity.

In contrast, NPFF-induced hypothermia is mainly mediated by its own receptors, independent of opioid receptors in the mouse brain.

He used to threaten neutrals into staying neutral , and punished those who seemed to have a problem with their audio receptors.

Spinosad depolarizes insect neurons by activating nicotinic receptors, causing widespread hyperactivity in the nervous system.

Objective: To detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and its receptors (VEGFR) in nasal polyp.

This suggests that without these receptors, we're unable to maintain a normal, healthy gut.

structurally shown for the first time that cholesterol acts as a stabilizing factor for an important family of cell receptors.

At a biochemical level, they've documented changes indicating that pain signals are stronger when estrogen receptors are activated.

And we learn that the body contains a network of cannabinoid receptors that modulate pain, appetite and short-term memory.

Potential roles of adiponectin and its receptors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has been studied intensively in recent years.

This article reviews the advance of estrogen and its receptors signal transduction pathway in abroad and domestic.

Endorphins are the body's natural morphine, and they dull pain by binding to nerve-cell receptors reserved for opiates.

Drugs that activate or block these receptors more selectively are detailed in this and the next chapter.

Finally, colors near the strongly scattered blue wavelengths stimulate the blue receptors.

The ATP binds to receptors on nearby astrocytes, prompting ion channels to open and allow an influx of calcium.

Now University researchers have shown how two receptors in older brains react to a stress hormone called cortisol.

Recent studies indicate an important role for nuclear receptors in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, fibrosis and inflammation.

This was further evidence that the increase in receptors might affect learning.

Metoclopramide exerts its antiemetic effects by antagonizing central and peripheral dopamine receptors.

Downregulation of the postsynaptic frontal cortical CRF receptors in depressed suicide victims.

We have also published papers looking very extensively at the various signaling modules step-wise from the toll-like receptors.

G protein-coupled receptors, with more than one thousand members, is the largest and most diverse protein family in the human genome.

G protein-coupled receptors play a critical role in heart disease, blood pressure regulation, inflammation and psychological disorders.

in vertebrates are a visual center and identified synaptic nature, transmitters and receptors in the tec to-isthmic system.

Later research has revealed that taste bud seems to contain 50 to 100 receptors for each taste.

Medicines from antihistamines to beta blockers target these receptors, and this structural knowledge could bring about improved drugs.

Somatostatin receptors(SSTR)are highly expressed on the surface of tumor cell.

The selectivity, they discovered, is due to the presence of an abundance of exposed IL25 receptors on breast cancer cells.

the electronic olfactory system , which looks nothing like a nose , will be made up of sensors similar to receptors in our nasal passages.

And adenoviruses that are designed to bind to receptors on the surfaces of tumor cells can still invade a small proportion of healthy cells.

Simple ears may consist of only a tympanic membrane, simple receptors, and connective tissue.

Recent studies show that chemokines and their receptors are significantly associated with invasion and lymph node metastasis of tumors.

Finally, according to the principle of paired receptors the influence of the variation of element characteristics may be decreased.

All mood stabilizers curb hyperactive signaling in pathways that lead from neurotransmitter receptors to the nerve cell interior.

But, to the researchers' surprise, fat females lacking insulin receptors in their pituitary glands remained fertile.

For a long time, the author and the text have been regarded as sacred and inviolable, while translator and reader the passive receptors.

Finally, they became convinced that the receptors were really there, though not clustered in taste buds as they are on the tongue.

BACKGROUND: Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) gene is one of the receptors for growth factors in early hematogenesis.

Ligands recognizing these receptors and antigens can be conjugated to modified toxins.

One example of the research implicating NMDA receptors in schizophrenia relates to the way the brain normally processes information.

Recently, studies focusing on the regulation of lipid metabolism by nuclear receptors have gained increasing attention home and abroad.

The researchers also conducted experiments using knockout mice lacking specific taste receptors in their tongues.

Under normal circumstances, the role of endogenous opioid peptides at opioid receptors, regulates human emotions and behavior.

We need to further validate the relationship between the newly discovered cholesterol sites and the ligand binding sites on these receptors.

Anticholinergics act by blocking muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle of the airways and inhibiting vagal tone.

The cellular activity that produces these receptors also produces a type of circular DNA molecule as a by-product.

Due to chirality of odor receptors in the nose the R- carvone and S- carvone fit into different receptor sites, hence different odor.

Rattlesnakes, boas and pythons sense their prey's heat directly with "wasabi receptors" in their snouts, biologists reported.

The receptors, and agonists and antagonists thereof, may be used to treat bone diseases.

The epidermis contains cells involved in immune defenses, sensory receptors, pigment cells, and keratin-producing cells.

But obese mice lacking pituitary insulin receptors maintained normal reproductive cycles and near-normal hormone levels.

"They hook themselves up to the receptors in the skin, " says Dr Marasco.

Two different strains can only mix inside a body that has receptors for both.

The results support the hypothesis that activated protein tyrosine kinase receptors are involved in the proliferation of glioma cells.

These receptors act as a selective substrate generated light signals of molecular devices.

But androgen receptors were found to be nearly non-existent in the brains of newborn animals.

This blocks the activity of protein molecules called NMDA receptors, which are important in many types of learning and memory.

By this means, receptors can transport immunoglobulins across epithelial cells.

Initially molecular biology enriched our understanding of ion channels and receptors important for signaling.

Here, the odor molecules, odorant-binding proteins and odorant receptors were reviewed to unravel the olfactory mechanism of insect.

Bear's drug, called STX107, inhibits the receptors to pare back the overproduction of proteins associated with Fragile X to a normal range.

Oestrogen receptors are expressed in brain regions that are involved in sex differentiation and maturation.

In this article some informations about leptin secretion, its regulation and localization of leptin receptors have been presented.

Apart from prison, it was this time last year, when he had an implant fitted, which blocks the body's opiate receptors.

This indicated that, donor DNA fragment had inserted into receptor through pollen tube, and affected the expression of genes in receptors.

Meanwhile, we detected the expression of steroid hormone receptors by immunohistochemical method.

Glufosinate ammonium stimulates nitric oxide production through N-methyl D-aspartate receptors in rat cerebellum.

Then the scientists inhibited melatonin activity in the fish. They did this by blocking melatonin receptors with inhibitory drugs.

Blockade of endothelin receptors is a new drug principle for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Adhesions of cells to extracellular matrix and neighboring cells are governed by the adhesion receptors.

Humans have no direct perception of infrared rays unlike the rattlesnake which has receptors tuned into wavelengths longer than 0. 7 Micron.

The research team discovered changes in mu opioid receptors and dopamine transporters of the brain -- areas important to reward pathways.

This communication involves the release of chemicals from neurons that stimulate cell surface receptors on other neurons.

Our eyes feature three types of color receptors, each maximally receptive to long, medium, and short wavelengths of light.

Then it systematically examines the various families of receptors involved in human disease and drug design.

Upon the binding of their ligands, G protein-coupled receptors couple to the heterotrimeric G proteins to transduce a signal.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors exist in abundance in human skin, but it is unknown whether they exert an anti-inflammatory effect.

They did this by infecting the T-cells with genetically modified viruses carrying genes that coded for receptors to melanoma molecules.

The NOD-like receptors have important roles in innate immunity as intracellular sensors of microbial components and cell injury.

After re-acquiring receptors, these tumor cells are expanded by the mitogenic properties of estrogens.

Exteroreceptors - Neurological receptors that receive information from the environment external to the organism.

Innate immune recognition is based on a limited number of highly conserved receptors that detect common microbial components.

The capture of bacterial or viral fragments through Toll-like receptors alerts the immune system early during an infectious attack.

TH receptors are nuclear transcription factors that, through TH-binding, activate or repress specific target genes.

Signaling through chemoattractant receptors involves a standard G-protein-linked pathway.

Also named end-plate membrane, belongs to myocyte membrane , has receptors and acetylcholinesterase.

Many neuronal transmitters, via their receptors, inhibit M currents thus modulate the excitability of neurons.

The toxin particles block receptors on nerve endings, silencing the nerves and paralyzing surrounding muscles.

Chemosensory receptors are essential for the survival of organisms that range from bacteria to mammals.

These results suggest that NPFF receptors activation is required for opioid to produce hypothermia.

It turns out that antigen-presenting cells carry receptors on their surface for the peptide-binding chaperones.

Drugs like propofol act on these GABA A receptors, mimicking and enhancing the effects of GABA, which inhibits cellular activity.

Bosentan is a competitive blocker of endothelin receptors administered by the oral route.

Glutamate receptors can be divided into two major classes: AMPA and NMDA receptors.

Over the past decade many of the receptors that transduce these signals have been identified by molecular cloning.

Create chemical entities made up of many identicalcomponents arranged in away as to serve as receptors for given binding units or ligands.

However, rats which did show high numbers of NMDA receptors exhibited memory improvement when given small amounts of alcohol.

One of these receptors is what is known as b1-integrin, which is frequently formed in many tumors such as metastasizing breast cancer.

GPCR(G-protein coupled receptors) superfamily is one of the most important drug targets in human body.

Both obesity and the genetic make-up associated with fewer dopamine receptors predicted a significant response to food's rewarding power.

Are opioids systems (endogenous opioids and receptors) important for fetal development?

SAP regulates signal transduction of the SLAM-family receptors by recruiting SRC kinases.

Synaptic clustering of GABAA receptors in mice heterozygous for the gamma2 subunit was reduced, mainly in hippocampus and cerebral cortex.

For one, it doesn't explain, why we can detect tens of thousands of odors with only a few hundred smell receptors.

Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in induced immune tolerance as participating in activation and migration of immunocytes.

This increase in GLP-1 secretion may be mediated via stimulation of sweet-taste receptors on L-cells by artificial sweetener.

Type I receptors and the intracytoplasmic signaling molecules are shared with the bone morphogenetic family.

Researchers call these sensory devices "olfactory receptors. "

They display the pharmacological actions of analgesia and sedation by acting on the opioids receptors internal.

GABA typically dampens neural activity, and many drugs for treating anxiety disorders target its receptors.

For the past year, I have been working with a subset of neuronal glutamate receptors via voltage clamping on Xenopus oocytes.

This latter trend may relate to increased consumption of red meats, which may influence tumor growth via hormone receptors.

In addition, it was discovered that the androgen receptors were expressed in vocalizationregions of the amphibians brain.

Melatonin plays a role in the sleep process by binding to receptors that inhibit the firing rate of neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Tropotaxis refers to taking signal samples simultaneously from paired receptors.

Signaling pathways downstream of pattern-recognition receptors and their cross talk.

Estrogen receptors are located in many tissues of mammals, which mediate a majority of estrogenic effects.

A high proportion of progeny cells express receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor-2 and for stromal derived growth factor.

Three applications from the approach of affinity adsorption, . . . . . . immuno-affinity, and receptors.

The atherogenic influx of mononuclear cells is orchestrated by chemokines and their receptors.

Objective To explore genes expression of adiponectin receptors during differentiation of SW872 preadipocytes.

When an aroma is sensed , the molecules from the vapor interact with numerous receptors , causing them to send a signal to the brain .

T-cells recognize invaders through receptors that match molecules on bacteria, viruses, even tumors.

Immune cells also express opioid receptors, while immune cells also secrete certain opioid peptides.

Objective To investigate the location and distribution of lectin-receptors in the apocrine sweat gland tumors.

This strategy allows the receptors to recognize the tremendous diversity of invading pathogens.

Nicotine is known to affect receptors on oligodendrocytes that regulate the cells' development.

All the women had breast tumors that contained estrogen receptors, . . .

Haloperidol, an antipsychotic drug, works by blocking dopamine receptors.

Thus, Toll-like receptors are evolutionarily ancient, although their number in mammals has grown to about one dozen.

Three morphologically distinct nerve endings: Type I, II and IV receptors resembling Ruffini end organs.

The receptors are also found in the gut and pancreas, where they help monitor levels of glucose in the blood and release insulin.

The more receptors located in regions associated with reward, the more rewarding social interactions become.

Do internalized receptors interact directly with proteins on the vesicles that transport them?

This article reviews the effects of chemokines and their receptors in pregnancy immune tolerance.

Other than those receptors, the two vole species are almost entirely the same in their physical makeup.

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that can direct cells trafficking, conducting their functions via chemokine receptors.

In brain ischemia, gating of postsynaptic glutamate receptors is thought to initiate Ca2 overload leading to excitotoxic neuronal death.

The UI findings reinforce the emerging view that CGRP receptors in the trigeminal nerve play a key role in migraine headache.

A series of GPI-anchored proteins are identified as receptors of many different pathogen organisms.

Furthermore, the receptors for all crop germination also showed the same double effects of concentration.

Results showed higher levels of opiod receptors in the brains of rats whose mothers had eaten junk food during pregnancy.

Once released, the receptors are incorporated into the neutrophil's cell membrane.

Death receptors belong to the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily.

This paper briefly reviews the researches on the regulation of lipid metabolism by nuclear receptors.

TASTE receptors for bitter flavours have been discovered in lung tissue.

thus , we also investigated the effects of elf - mf exposure on clustering of egf , tnf receptors in cultured cells.

They then looked for gene patterns known to exist in other taste receptors, leaving a single protein called PKD2L1 as a prime candidate.

Thus, Dr Zoghbi predicts that knocking out the receptors with drugs will help calm the animals.

The molecule is part of a large family of proteins called G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs).

A novel method, RASSE, has been developed to suggest reasonable structures which can fit well to the binding sites of receptors.

As light stimulates these receptors, our vision translates the signals into the colors we see.

HDL level was raised significantly and the insulin receptors on hepatic cell membrane were recovered to normal level.

This article reviewed impacts of the opioids and opioid receptors on immune system.

At these synapses , most of baseline synaptic transmission is mediated by glutamate AMPA receptors.

In vitro tests are carried out on isolated receptors or cells and so there is no blood brain barrier to cross.

The interest, values, and concerns of translation receptors should be taken into account in the process of translation.