public spending

Unlike other areas of public spending, like the NHS, we cannot say that science spending as a share of GDP is at its highest ever.

Early on as party leader, he said he would match Labour's public-spending commitments for the first year.

To change that, she said, would require continued economic growth, job creation, price stability and a better return on public spending.

But he said Israel must be cautious about public spending in the wake of the U. S. debt crisis.

Public spending on building and maintaining infrastructure also matters, though economists argue about how much.

Governments are beginning to cut public spending in an attempt to deal with surging deficits.

Indeed, he made his own contribution to derailing the economy through pushing public spending up too fast and too long.

It would be a recognition of past errors: a part of what people thought was private lending turned out to be public spending.

The Treasury view was that bond-financed public spending was bound to diminish private spending by an equal amount.

"We've got to be much blunter about out plans for public spending, " Byrne said in an interview with the Times newspaper.

IT WAS Greece that let public spending rip, lied about it and is now trying to stave off default.

The sudden loss of revenues would not be such a problem if public spending had been kept under control.

Cuts in public spending will have to go far beyond the gimmicky blitz on top salaries, official cars and mobile phones mentioned so far.

That public spending must grow eternally appeared to have become a political orthodoxy.

If not, are we happy for the money to be diverted from other parts of public spending and, if so, what should be cut?

They have cut public spending by more than any other developed economy has ever done in such a short space of time.

So far, these central banks have held back, in view of the big cuts to public spending taking place, sluggish growth and idle resources.

It also warns that the poor will probably suffer disproportionately from the public-spending cuts to be detailed in the autumn.

But the subsidy is such a small part of overall public spending that eliminating it would barely move the needle on the deficit.

But perhaps the biggest change affecting people's lives has little to do, at least directly, with development policy or public spending.

Japan is relatively ill-prepared to absorb the quake's impact and shoulder the public spending that will be required to rebuild.

One approach would be to slice into the welfare bill, the single biggest item of public spending at nearly 30% of the total.

The point is that nobody really believes that a dollar of tax cuts is always better than a dollar of public spending.

The Royal Family is to be exempt from any cuts in public spending next year when its civil list funding is settled for the next 10 years.

The coalition's plans to cut public spending appear to me to be more unpopular on the grounds of lost jobs than lost services.

The prime minister did not attack public spending in the abstract, or pledge to get the state off citizens' backs.

Second, massive public-spending programmes began to feed through, taxes were cut and central banks slashed interest rates.

This suggests that public spending rather than tax cuts should be the core of any stimulus plan.

Even the reduced growth rate next year would rely heavily on higher public spending, the bank said.

In a recession, measures to increase taxes or reduce public spending would be politically impossible and economically foolish.

China was expected to grow in 2010 even as public spending slowed, the bank said, as demand for Chinese-made goods overseas picked up.

As part of sharp public-spending reductions, the World Service was told to cut 16% from its budget over the next three years.

The White House listed 10 different areas of public spending over the next 100 days that would create jobs.

Yet these have been offset by crowd-pleasing tax increases on the rich and on companies, and a reluctance to cut public spending.

Starling argues that while public spending is being squeezed, cutting back on investment in flood defences would be a false economy.

About a fifth of public spending on Guatemala now goes on security, but low taxes mean that this is not nearly enough.

First, the fattening deficit makes it hard to put still more money in consumers' wallets through tax cuts or public spending.

Fiscal policy-taxation and public spending-is being kept on a tight rein by an iron chancellor.

Earlier this week Gordon Brown admitted for the first time that Labour would make cuts in public spending if it wins the election next year.

In any case, more eyes and ears are trained on the parallel debate about public spending.

The public finances are in good shape though, and that leaves room for a public spending splurge.

The answer is the entire Republican caucus and a handful of Democratic centrists nervous of being associated with new public spending.

That party has never held power, and its recent policy statements suggest it would return to public spending to aid weak regional economies.

To reduce public spending on wellbeing would be an act of the greatest folly.

The oil price is high enough to sustain public spending, but may not meet expectations of rising salaries and pensions.

But it comes at a cost: as a share of GDP, public spending is now higher even than in Sweden.

Officials sat that budget is likely to contain at least $2 billion in public spending.

That had ended with a Keynesian public-spending binge, the orthodoxy of the day, to stimulate the economy.

The Irish have made a great start, cutting public spending dramatically, while holding corporate taxes down.

Indeed, the gap between richer and poorer regions is likely to widen in many countries as the public-spending axe falls.

He wants to split the tax system in two, as well as the welfare state and most other public spending.

To reduce public spending on health would be an act of the greatest folly.

Governments need to counteract the effects of the credit crunch using public spending to help domestic economies.

NATO's longstanding call for allies to spend at least 2% of GDP on defence has been lost in the clamour over wider public-spending cuts.

Public spending on education only slightly relates to actual educational results for a number of countries.

One of the party's important policies is to control public spending.

Mr Osborne should set out a strategy for taxes to complement last autumn's bold public-spending plans.

Another 44% said that, unlike tumbling public spending on greenery, it had stayed the same.

Education, as one of the largest components of public spending, has inevitably suffered.

a. Government is determined to put a brake on public spending.

Most of the increase in public spending was due to investments made by relatively inefficient public corporations.

Whoever triumphs in Westminster, cuts in public spending are bound to cause resentment in both regions.

But rather than accept that implication, conservatives take refuge in a nonsensical argument against public spending in general.

His government has kept that promise, even as it has cut public spending at home.

Public spending is estimated to have slowed in the first half owing to a crackdown on wasteful spending .

Consumption has been a poor third, public spending a drag.

They now expect the state to clear up the financial mess caused by this greed and stupidity through public spending cuts and higher taxes.

The left called for more social welfare programs and public spending. The right wanted the state not to interfere in market forces.

Different societies, even within Europe, have different expectations for social solidarity, labour-market flexibility or public spending.

The state of America's finances means Obama will either have to raise taxes or cut public spending.

Not all agree, but in a country where the National Health Service accounts for almost a fifth of public spending, it is worth considering.

Much of the stimulus lending of 2008-10 may turn out to be public spending after all.

Governments around the world were forced to increase public spending to prevent their economies from lurching into an even worse depression.

Mr Osborne believes that Britain's reputation for fiscal prudence depends on cutting public spending aggressively.

What would sustain growth in Germany and in the rest of Europe is not more public spending but more pro-market structural reforms.

Policy shifts under discussion include a further relaxation of the quotas on lending by commercial banks and increases in public spending.

In her victory speech on October 31st Ms Rousseff promised to cut taxes, rein in public spending and control inflation.

Brown took office released a week from 2011 to 2012 annual budget, plans to slash public spending.

Investment - Formerly known as "public spending" , this is now "pouring in" .

The government plans to raise taxes and cut public spending in an attempt to reduce massive debt.

Public spending can stay high, but further increases would be unaffordable in most countries.

The NHS accounts for a fifth of all public spending but uses just 4% of its funds to dodge disease rather than tackle it.

Gordon Brown and Alistair have said boosting the economy must be balanced with public spending cuts to repay debt.

Mr Lobo must also secure a resumption of foreign aid if the economy is to emerge from recession and avoid drastic cuts in public spending.

So higher public spending on health, education and welfare support could encourage households to save less and spend more.

Nipping inflation in the bud would require a rise in interest rates and curbs on public spending, as well as letting the peso appreciate.

Public spending was vastly skewed towards whites; land ownership, perhaps the bitterest of political issues, was fiercely inequitable.

Greece has promised to cut public spending in an effort to reduce its deficit by four percentage points this year.

And criticism of cuts resonates in a country where over half of employment is tied directly or indirectly to public spending.

Today, the president is likely to sign a $787 billion stimulus package, including more than $550 billion in public spending.

As politicians around the world seek to cut public spending, the attractions of blimps are growing.

We cut general public spending in state organs by 5%, and all of the savings were used to provide disaster relief.

In fact it has led to waste in public spending and to 17 sets of business regulations, fragmenting the national market and increasing costs.

That public spending will be vital to ensure a strong rebound in the national economy.

It would bring big economic benefits over time by unlocking some sources of growth and getting more for less public spending.

European governments will have to reduce public spending dramatically to allay the market's fears.

Foreign Aid, Public Spending, Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policies, and Long-Run Growth, forthcoming in Journal of Public Economic Theory.

Welfare is the blue whale of public spending, making up almost 30% of the total.

But it might also unduly harm the economy, which is still fragile, and, in April, faces tax increases and sharp public-spending cuts.

The proceeds of growth would be shared between higher public spending and lower taxes.

In India, the cost of fuel subsidies is now almost as large as public spending on education: this is scandalous.

Italy's tough austerity drive includes plans to force local authorities to merge, in a bid to rein in public spending.

Such philanthropy is timely: as public spending is cut across all western nations, so rich individuals must give more to the less fortunate.

And low interest rates encouraged big public spending that first matched, then far exceeded, the growth of the economy.

Fiscal policy, favoured by the left, requires political choices about levels of taxation and public spending.

Some of Europe's most stubborn structural problems involve the misallocation of public spending.

Government increased public spending, privatized enterprise, and neglected to service the nation's external debt.

The Stability and Growth Pact, which restricts public spending, was relaxed to permit governments to recapitalize their banks.

Cuts in public spending mean that fewer people can go on to higher education.

Another minister wants bribing foreigners to become a legitimate part of public spending.

The UN notes that China spends 5 per cent of its GDP on health, but public spending now amounts to less than 2 per cent of GDP.

Struggling regional governments and town halls, which account for half of public spending, are demanding more from taxpayers.

That reduces municipal tax revenue and public spending, especially in key key commercial centers like Guangzhou and Shanghai.

A certain amount of public spending is necessary to perform essential government functions.

However, the government's growing budget deficits will limit its ability to continue to prop up the economy through greater public spending.

Malcolm Turnbull, the Liberal leader, wants tax cuts, not public spending, to boost the economy, and opposes the stimulus package.

The great increase in public spending raised the threat of high inflation.

Increased deficits under these conditions will raise either public spending or private consumption.

Union bosses are unhappy about the government's plans for sharp public-spending cuts over the next five years.

As the expansion went on, it came to rely too much on consumer and public spending.

Brussels is especially concerned about the effectiveness and efficiency of much of Italian public spending.

Public spending is likely to grow more slowly, and utility tariffs may rise for the middle class.

Only understand their behavior in the network, the network can decide finally strategies, public spending money on blade.

The Republicans would drastically cut taxes, shrink public spending, and repeal regulations.

They must instead impose appropriate local policies towards wage growth, taxation and public spending.

A surge in oil prices held back consumption growth while public spending fell at every tier of the US government.

The public spending reviews now in prospect are sure to accelerate the pace of geopolitical decline.

Just now, such public spending will hardly be crowding out the private sector: businesses find it impossible to borrow anyhow.

Although cuts in public spending will be a Tory hallmark, this will not apply to defense.

He says he would slash wasteful public spending, leaving room for interest rates to fall (the Central Bank's benchmark rate is 10. 25%).

The biggest single reason for the difference in income distribution between Brazil and America is more regressive public spending in Brazil.

She will push for quicker exit strategies from the crisis to reduce stimulus packages and rein in ballooning public spending.

But we seem incapable either of cutting existing public spending or avoiding costly new public-spending programs.

Moreover, Mr Kirchner used his control of public spending to take over Peronism and sideline its centre-right faction.

The promised cuts in public spending have scarcely begun to bite.

Fiscal policy will be tightened over the coming months as tax breaks expire and public spending is cut.

Economists have varying theories about the practical effects of "austerity" , meaning sharp cuts in public spending.

"Greater public spending on education in particular can help both to boost productivity and to reduce inequality, " the OECD said.

Whatever its merits, however, the Calman plan fails to address the bigger problem of how public spending is distributed around Britain.

Emerging markets, in contrast, have kept growth going, while public spending is (mostly) under control.

Cantons are eager to draw wealthy foreigners, who offer a quick way of raising revenues when they are facing reductions in public spending.

He is particularly critical of what he sees as wasteful public spending .

Public spending on reducing hunger is an investment with very high returns.

That triggered a slide towards militarism, wild public spending and hyperinflation.

The statistics office said that the deterioration reflected a drop in investment and public spending cuts.

It helps put pressure on Greece for more reforms and cuts in public spending as conditions of the bail-out.

And public spending as a share of gross domestic product in Wales, for example, is almost twice that of London, at roughly 70 per cent.

Low bond yields may be a market signal to "crowd in" public spending.

The surge in public spending means that Japan is almost certain to resume growth in the second half of this year.

Most damningly, 47% of southerners thought public spending under Labour had been largely wasted.

But there are other forms of public spending, especially on health care, that could do good while aiding the economy in its hour of need.

The public finances will be devastated for decades: taxes will be higher and public spending lower.

More of its public spending now comes from central government than in any OECD country bar New Zealand.

They carry out over four-fifths of the country's public spending, but pocket only half of the taxes (see article).

On the whole, Members and the community expressed support for our efforts and progress in controlling public spending.

But the organisation urged rich countries to cut public spending and raise taxes soon to avoid a budget crisis.

After the fact, runaway private lending turns into public spending and mountains of debt.

As countries try to eliminate the shortfall, it is tempting to hope that they will do so purely by cutting waste in public spending.

The first is massive public spending, structural tax cuts and infrastructural development.

The public spending on infrastructure is hugely impressive, as anyone who goes there can see.

Moreover, many governments are nervous about other euro-zone countries having a say about their own public spending.

A decade of tax rises and public spending cuts combined with rises in interest rates is virtually inevitable.

We must recognise the danger here: cutting public spending will not automatically raise private spending.

This is essential for public spending to achieve results and extremely important for the credibility and legitimacy of the state.

Other taxes went up this month (though the low-paid were spared the worst) and public-spending cuts began in earnest.

The plan for a new subway was cut off in its prime when the government decreased public spending on transportation.

As many economists back Mr Osborne as worry that his brutal assault on public spending will wreck recovery.

Public spending on schools and health services would also help, directly and indirectly.

The scores rise with the clarity, scope and availability of documents on public spending.

The Tories were also slow to ditch their boom-time pledge to share revenue between tax cuts and public spending.

All this is a lot more inspiring than arguing over which bits of public spending to cut.

Access to credit has been curbed and public spending on infrastructure scaled back, reports the BBC's Chris Hogg in Shanghai.

In Britain power is almost certain to shift from Labour to the Conservatives, who are much keener on cutting public spending.

So east Europeans face higher taxes, bigger debts, less public spending, lower pay and fewer jobs.

Contracting private demand is met by lower interest rates and higher public spending.

And because broad agreements on public-spending cuts lack detail, they also lack urgency.

One political observer thinks the Presedent-elect is laying the groundwork for breathtaking public spending.

Countries in surplus should agree to increase their public spending levels.

A tighter rein on public spending is another possible response, but the budget is already in surplus.

Total public spending on transport and water infrastructure has fallen steadily since the 1960s and now stands at 2. 4% of GDP.

It avoids taking on powerful lobbies who benefit from wasteful public spending.

At 40% of GDP, public spending is already high for a middle-income country.

To balance the country's ebbing private demand, China is boosting bank lending and public spending.

There are losses to be shared, much of which will fall on public spending, taxation, or both.

This is no time for loose talk about public spending cuts being responsible for the violence.

A government cut off from capital-market funding would need to find other ways of bridging the gap between tax receipts and public spending.

The public spending cuts will mean the chop for several hospitals.

Oh, and the brunt of those cuts in public spending is falling on education.

Schools are the latest victims of cuts in public spending.

Republicans in Congress are already complaining about the scale of public spending.

The record deficit piles pressure on Alistair Darling to cut public spending.

The capital will also suffer less from public-spending cuts because the private sector is more dominant than in other parts of the country.

The IMF recommended the US, Europe and China should raise public spending and cut taxes.

In fact, the entire EU budget takes only around 1% of the block's annual GDP, compared with almost 50% for total national public spending.

As Europe is discovering, that means either higher taxes or cuts in public spending.

Twenty years ago some two-fifths of Chile's public spending went on debt servicing.

For some on the left, the real villain was the government's public-spending cuts.

To effectively cope with the crisis, we increased public spending by a large margin and carried out structural tax cuts.

Those should be priorities for public spending.

Slashing public spending is a policy that few politicians favour.

When Messrs Cameron and Zuckerberg conferred, the main topic was how to get new ideas for cutting public spending.

This implied they would have a zero stimulatory effect: public spending would simply "crowd out" private spending.

As a share of GDP, public spending is higher in France even than in Sweden.

Neither credit nor public spending can keep growing at their current pace.

Around 75% of China's growth this year will be state-directed, either through public spending or officially induced lending.

However, there is a natural rebalancing mechanism via higher public spending in these countries.

If the real interest rate were 2 per cent, this would be a permanent increase in public spending of 0. 2 per cent of GDP.

Not only would that be more effective, but it would also help mitigate the leakage of public spending abroad.

In 1933 almost-two thirds of Greek public spending went on servicing foreign debts, before the country defaulted.

Optimists have grounds for hoping that a squeeze on public spending will bring about some structural reforms by default.

The government hopes to curtail public spendIng In the next tax year.

In past recessions Mexico has had to cut public spending.

He saw cutting public spending as another priority.

The argument over public spending has reached a stalemate.

But the eye-wateringly tough public-spending cuts the Treasury is seeking will probably force their hand.

Public-spending and benefit cuts are likely to make life harder for the government.

That is why this is absolutely the wrong time to cut public spending and why the Bank must keep on with quantitative easing.

But the government has now announced this privilege will end on September 1st as part of the state's drive to reduce public spending.

Most members rely on oil revenue to fund big public-spending budgets for their expanding populations.

In contrast to 2010, which saw extra fiscal stimulus in December, forthcoming public spending cuts will lower growth in 2011.

The government plans to set strict limits on public spending this year.

The main rate of VAT, a consumption tax, went up from 17. 5% to 20% on January 4th; deep public spending cuts get under way in April.

All these efforts to prevent a fast restructuring implied an enormous increase in public spending.

Even before the financial crisis began, he ramped up public spending.

But only about 60 percent of the Obama plan consists of public spending.

That makes cuts in public spending more urgent, they say.

Cutting public spending is, however, a hard slog.

As a result, the World Bank estimates growth will be 7. 5 per cent in 2009, with more than half of that coming from public spending.

America's federal government alone spent $15 billion in 2010 on drug control; perhaps $25 billion more went in other public spending.

Both resorted to higher public spending and debt as an easy option to buy off bolshy voters.

Public spending is still over 50% of GDP, the highest in the region.

With public spending shrinking the private sector has a lot of slack to take up.

Big cuts in public spending will get under way in April.

President Obama says his stimulus will create 3 to 4 million jobs, largely through public spending on roads and other infrastructure.

And her pick for finance minister will show whether she is serious about getting public spending back under control.

Yet they do suggest places such as Anhui are vulnerable to a slowdown in public spending.

He offered $37 billion in new public spending to stave off unrest.

But great as our tax burden is , it has not kept pace with public spending.

critics noted the failure of the government to rein in public spending.

GDP plummeted by 18. 4% year on year , as the government slashed public spending and investment to get the budget deficit under control.

The Republicans' is that there can be no increase in tax revenues, because that is how public spending ratchets ever higher.

The Government is determined to check the growth of public spending.

He has talked about the need to cut public spending on welfare, particularly medical bills.

The aid groups say those foreign funds account for 90 percent of all public spending.

The unions think the government has acted in bad faith by reducing public spending.

Public spending on health care per person is actually higher in America (through Medicare, Medicaid and other government programmes).

Public spending will fall by 1. 8% of GDP, with three ministries scrapped and other austerity measures.

The government has trimmed public spending by fully 3. 8% of GDP this year, with most cuts falling on social spending and public-sector pay.

The share of public spending in the economy is the highest in the euro area.

It has ballooned as more and more public spending is deployed and tax revenues fall.