productivity growth

However, he said the the education of the workforce was essential if the trend of stronger productivity growth was to continue.

The high consumption low investment pattern has reduced productivity growth, and with that the rate of GNP growth.

The focus of such a programme would not be efforts to raise productivity growth.

Faster productivity growth could help to mitigate the slowdown, but it does not seem to be forthcoming.

All this could reduce productivity growth at a time when labour forces in these countries will be growing more slowly or even shrinking.

The optimistic outlook is that this correction would take the form of a catching up by the euro area in productivity growth.

By improving the quality of education of children of migrants, such a migration pattern will also be good for long term productivity growth.

Finally, structural reforms will take a while to have impact but efforts to boost productivity, growth and employment should start today.

Wage growth must at least keep pace with productivity growth; interest rates must rise substantially; and the currency must be revalued.

China's rate of labour productivity growth outstrips that of Brazil, Vietnam, Indonesia and Turkey, it says.

Others are "dynamic" , trying to capture how trade gains boost investment and productivity growth.

That gives it a better chance of sustaining productivity growth when the gains from adopting existing technologies run out.

Productivity growth in services has also outpaced that of industry in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

That risk is of rising inflationary pressures as the world economy runs out of spare capacity and productivity growth slows down.

An exit from the euro would not tackle weak productivity growth and inflexible wages, which are the root causes of low competitiveness.

Productivity growth declines. The economy appears to settle into a "pessimistic equilibrium" .

It also foresaw that over time China's real exchange rate would appreciate against the dollar in line with its faster productivity growth.

As a result of a stable yuan and extremely fast productivity growth, the yuan effectively depreciated against the dollar in 2009.

FOR a decade or so, students of productivity growth have had even more to explain than usual.

As the OECD report says, " higher employment and productivity growth will not be possible without profound regulatory reform. "

Strong productivity growth, reflecting the US economy's famous ability to cut jobs promptly, is central in all this.

In the early 1970s, for reasons that are still ill-understood, productivity growth slowed sharply, pulling down the trend rate of growth.

The longer the economy's expansion goes on, the slower productivity growth is bound to be.

Productivity growth serves as a kind of buffer between the rate of increase in wages and the rate of increase in product prices.

Even with the battering it took, Japan's productivity growth outpaced that of U. S. workers in the 1990s.

Indeed, the relationship between productivity growth and real wages is one of the more robust ones in economics.

If you want to increase competitiveness, productivity growth is less disruptive than wage cuts, and wage cuts are better than unemployment.

If this proves to be a permanent shift, slower productivity growth bodes ill for inflation and living standards.

There was a nod to business in tax breaks for capital investment, aimed at improving sluggish productivity growth.

Even if productivity growth does tail off, it may still be strong enough to match sluggish demand.

China's growth rate is bound to slow in coming years as its working-age population starts to shrink and productivity growth declines.

But in the long term China's wage increases should reflect its remarkably high productivity growth in manufacturing.

the pace of productivity growth depends on capital investment , improvements in business processes and technological innovation.

Economies hooked on this model find themselves excessively specialized in primary products that promise little productivity growth.

McKinsey reckons US productivity growth must be a third higher to maintain the historical rise in output per capita.

Stronger productivity growth in emerging markets should provide significant support for currency appreciation over the medium-term.

Almost every politician promises to increase the rate of productivity growth on being elected; few achieve success.

The picture is much different in the U. S. , where aggressive corporate restructuring efforts have led to a surge in productivity growth.

We have sacrificed too many of these in the name of efficiency and productivity growth.

Much has gone into infrastructure, which ought to improve the rate of productivity growth.

These have borne some fruit. Japan's total factor productivity growth, unlike Europe's, began to improve after 2000.

America's prosperity depends not on other countries' productivity growth, but on its own (actually pretty fast) pace.

The authors go on to look at two channels through which regulation may have dampened productivity growth.

Fewer grand inventions mean less productivity growth and a slower improvement in living standards.

Canada has undergone financial difficulties from the combined impact of a rapid slowdown in productivity growth and the oil crisis.

Japanese productivity growth weakened greatly as a result of the ensuing zombie congestion.

No matter what happens, Italy will also need a credible programme to raise productivity growth in the long run.

As a large number of PTA production of new and expansion projects, National PTA rapid productivity growth.

The potential for faster productivity growth in the economy, as cheap foreign skills are applied to this sector, are enormous.

The American financial system often surpassed other major developed economies in innovation and productivity growth.

Thanks to a jump in productivity growth after 1995, America's economy has outpaced other rich countries' for a decade.

But despite rapid productivity growth, the economy remained well below trend because labor input failed to recover.

PRODUCTIVITY growth is the closest economics gets to a magic elixir, especially for ageing advanced economies.

As the rich world emerges from the financial crisis, faster productivity growth could counteract the drag from adverse demography.

An increase in productivity growth, a more recent trend, has given German competitiveness a further boost.

The growth rate of real per capita output is the sum of the growth rate of per capita labor input and productivity growth.

China, known as the world's factory, is seeing wages soar ahead of productivity growth.

Most obviously, it has retarded productivity growth in European agriculture .

GDP grew by an annual average of less than 1% between 2001 and 2008; productivity growth was weak.

Lower capital spending, they fear, could be a harbinger of slower productivity growth.

"It's a good thing for the world and for China if you do see wage growth outstrip productivity growth going forward, " Buchanan said.

This paper reached the following conclusion: based on the flow of factors, structural change has positive influence on productivity growth.

Insufficient appreciation will cause the structural shifts to stall. That will impact productivity growth and incomes.

An odd business cycle makes it hard to gauge what has happened to America's underlying rate of productivity growth.

Strong productivity growth has been achieved partly through the elimination of many mid-skilled jobs.

Unfortunately, productivity growth is itself often inefficiently measured.

This enables us to document the relationship between the financial markets, entrepreneurship and productivity growth.

Put differently, firm-specific forces determine which businesses achieve rapid productivity growth or declines.

This would only be true if there were no difference in the productivity growth rates between the two countries.

If lower productivity growth is now the norm, then Britain's economic speed limit is lower too.

The global financial crisis should not noticeably reduce productivity growth in emerging Asia.

The issue of productivity growth differentials, to which I have already alluded, is less ambiguous.

A less visible channel is the enhanced productivity growth arising from increased efficiency in existing methods of production.

Greater productivity of domestic capital could help offset the deceleration in productivity growth from the external sector.

That decline in productivity growth lowered consumers' permanent income and reduced their willingness to consume.

This will help lift India's growth potential by boosting productivity growth, investments, and human capital accumulation.

This permitted a burst of entrepreneurial activity and an explosion in productivity growth.

For several decades, investment in agriculture showed poor returns, and productivity growth stagnated.

From unemployment and low productivity growth, and from troubled savings banks to creaky public finances, the problems are piling up.

The first runs as follows. The information technology revolution led to big changes that boosted US productivity growth.

A streamlined state will improve productivity growth as well as Brazil's saving and investment rates.

UBS's analysis suggests that the financial health of firms and governments also matters for productivity growth.

If you accept the constraints of eurozone membership, low productivity growth, and high interest rates as given, Italy is insolvent.

For many years China's large pool of surplus labour held average pay rises below the rate of productivity growth.

PTA productivity growth will clearly exceed the product of chemical fiber industry in the lower productivity growth.

Underlying competitive pressures in our economy remain strong, as illustrated by the rebound in productivity growth in the December quarter.

Only then can savings be reduced, stimulating consumption while boosting long-term productivity growth.

Industrial employment in factories is more directly connected to real productivity growth than agricultural or low-level service employment.

The country's financial crash in the early 1990s contributed to a slump in productivity growth.

the pay of college graduates is as disconnected from productivity growth as is the pay of high school graduates.

In fact America's productivity growth soared during the recession as firms sacked workers faster than their output fell.

Structural reforms were delayed, while wage growth relative to productivity growth diverged.

Italy and Spain have seen sharp rises in unit labour costs and their labour-productivity growth has stalled or gone into reverse.

Today's short-term inflation pressures are related to tight commodity markets and may be exacerbated by weak productivity growth in the US.

When, if ever will the astounding increase in the productivity growth, and in the growth of productivity growth, of computers end?

For 50 years, this process of miniaturization has been fundamental in driving productivity growth across the global economy.

In fact, much of the productivity-growth gap is explained by different labour regulations.

As low-income countries catch up with richer ones, faster productivity growth in the tradable-goods sector pushes up wages.

But it would give those countries time to improve productivity growth before the euro's fundamental strength returned.

Wages are still rising at a rate roughly twice the euro zone's average and well ahead of productivity growth.

Substantial investment in agricultural productivity growth is needed now.

Typically, that elevates global productivity growth and living standards.

The resulting fall in labour-productivity growth might cause alarm among some analysts, but TFP would remain strong.

So what we are seeing in the U. S. over the past decade is productivity growth without the job growth that usually comes with it.

Official figures also flatter America's relative performance on productivity growth.

Productivity growth means that its exports are as competitive as they ever were.

This is largely due to a steady rise in unit labour costs, as wage increases outstripped productivity growth (see chart).

India and other Asian emerging economies have also enjoyed faster productivity growth than other developing or developed regions.

Of course, productivity growth ultimately lifts everyone's prosperity.

Long-term productivity growth will be more modest, and its rate will depend on investment, human capital and innovation.

When economists say that productivity growth is the root cause of development they are almost stating a truism.

In the past decades, China has made significant achievements in promoting technological innovation and productivity growth.

And productivity growth may accelerate when new, and often superior, machinery is installed.

High-tech manufacturing industry has the highest rate of technological progress, making its total factor productivity growth most rapidly.

Many European countries, and Japan, need to free their labour markets and liberalise services, to boost productivity growth.

With the Doha trade round suspended, productivity growth from rising global competition is also under threat.

Measures will be implemented to increase the contribution of creativity to productivity growth.

American productivity growth has been well above the OECD average for more than a decade and should remain strong.

PTA industry productivity growth will be significantly more than the downstream chemical fiber industry.

Major real exchange-rate changes will be necessary in response to differential rates of productivity growth.

Both labour supply and productivity growth bounce around during business cycles.

Today, they argue, tapping the global flow becomes the key to productivity, growth and prosperity.

Rapid productivity growth holds down product prices but asset price inflation is rampant.

The US domestic market is highly competitive and this supports productivity growth.

Investing in irrigation and other measures to improve land quality will accelerate productivity growth.

At the same time productivity growth was not vigorous enough to compensate.

In Chile productivity growth since 1960 has outpaced that in the United States.

Firms' reluctance to invest also risks denting productivity growth.

In particular, both the employment rate and labour productivity growth in the euro area need to increase significantly.

Even slow growth should cut the stock of jobless if productivity growth is sluggish, as seems likely.

By excluding the less efficient public sector, America's productivity growth is bumped up.

Structure Change has been an important element which influences productivity growth.

Real appreciation, in other words, is less than nominal appreciation because of China's more rapid productivity growth.

Executive Summary and Synthesis of Findings from McKinsey and Company, How IT Enables Productivity Growth, Oct.

Around half that growth came from an expanding workforce; the other half from productivity growth.

Because that figure almost matched manufacturing's 5. 1% productivity growth, factory employment has remained relatively stable.

The foreigner-friendly IT sector has accounted for more than half of America's overall productivity growth since 1995.

How has productivity growth been attained and how has it contributed to the economy?

First, is industry still the engine of sustained productivity growth?

Over long periods of time, real wages tend to track average productivity growth.

And it coexists with two longstanding Brazilian weaknesses: high job turnover and low productivity growth.

US productivity growth eventually leapt in the 1920s, four decades after the commercialisation of electricity.

The official statistics on productivity growth.

Japan, in contrast, saw productivity growth shrivel in the early 1990s.

MGI argues that the data deluge could create a new wave of productivity growth.

Wages are growing even faster, despite evidence that productivity growth in the US has been slowing.

But the slump came from financial excesses, not poor productivity growth.

Productivity growth is overlooked today.

The achievement of economic and financial stability in the past few years has in turn seen productivity growth rise.

It assesses the effect of regulation of services markets on the productivity growth of OECD countries.

Yet this is precisely what trends in labour productivity growth, not to mention common sense, tell us occurred.

Productivity growth has slowed from an already sluggish 1. 6% a year before the euro's launch to 0. 8% since.

US productivity growth is much higher than Japan's and much of Europe's.

Lower productivity growth that is not accompanied by slower wage increases implies rising unit labour cost pressures.

how a country's policies influence its productivity growth.

Yet some analysts expect productivity growth to stall soon.

America's productivity growth has slowed. Does that matter?

In fact, productivity growth has recently been quite high, even when the economy was contracting.

America's productivity growth speeded up while Europe's slowed.

But productivity growth means squeezing more output from the same inputs. And Latin America has been particularly bad at this (see chart 1).

They are still poor by EU standards, so can look forward to a period of fast productivity growth.

current pace and productivity growth picking up.

The economists reckon underlying business productivity growth is now around 2. 5% (or around 2. 2% in the overall economy).

As elsewhere, Hungary's underlying problems arose from wage rises unmatched by productivity growth and social spending that is too generous.

PRODUCTIVITY growth is perhaps the single most important gauge of an economy's health.

Chinese productivity growth actually accelerated between 2008 and 2009, to a startling 9%.

In the short-term, water scarcity, loss of fertile land and slowing agricultural productivity growth will be the key problems.

At the same time, labor productivity growth should continue to alleviate the impact of rising wages on manufacturing margins.

Far-fetched? Remember the 1980s and early 1990s when pessimism and low productivity growth prevailed in the US economy.

Together, the two sectors yielded more than half of America's productivity growth in 1995-2004.

Korea's labor productivity growth routinely topped 4%, even 5%, over the past decade.

Data for 38 Korean industries over 1963-1983 demonstrate a negative correlation between protection and productivity growth.

A burst of productivity growth would make the years ahead a lot less painful.

In the jobless recoveries that followed the 1990-91 and 2001 recessions, productivity growth was quite strong.

Here is the one sector where Indian productivity growth matched China's.

Since 2000, productivity growth in China has exceeded 10 per cent a year and it has risen to 5. 2 per cent in India.

For the past decade, U. S. manufacturing productivity growth has averaged 4. 8%.

The less controversial one is that the US is entering a period of more subdued productivity growth.

Germany's second big weakness is that its productivity growth has been relatively slow.

In Italy and Portugal, for example, a combination of strong wage increases and weak productivity growth has undermined cost competitiveness.

The explanation is that US productivity growth was exceptionally fast, above all in 2009.

Moreover, unit labour costs rose 4. 9 per cent, year-on-year, in the second quarter of 2007, as productivity growth slowed.

They also offer an introduction to the intense debate over productivity growth in China.

Mr Pettis believes there is a growing divergence between productivity growth and wage growth in China.

In fact, total factor productivity growth in China has been even faster than in the rest of Asia.

Productivity growth in Europe slowed in the late 1990s, whereas in America it speeded up.

US productivity growth in the past 15 years bears this out.

The bigger issue was dismal productivity growth, which was Italy's main problem too.

Productivity growth, long Europe's Achilles' heel, was slightly higher than in the United States last year.

This is bad news for demand and bank losses, but also for workers' skills, a key factor behind long-term labour productivity growth.

Messrs Oliner, Sichel and Stiroh, for instance, reckon trend productivity growth is around 2. 25%.

Productivity growth has slowed to an annual rate of only 1. 2% since 2000, from 2. 4% in the 1990s.

According to McKinsey, average annual productivity growth in 1995-2003 was only 2. 1%, half the rate in 1990-95.

In 2007 and 2008, productivity growth was 1. 7 percent and 2. 1 percent, respectively.

In the first half of 2008, labour productivity growth averaged 3. 3 per cent, while the unemployment rate rose to 5. 6 per cent.

No serious economist thinks that America can maintain such a torrid rate of productivity growth over a longer period;

In Japan productivity growth slumped after the country's asset bubble burst at the start of the 1990s.

Credit years of reform, wage moderation, and productivity growth

Tianjin has the fastest rate of productivity growth and its components growth, Beijing has the highest cost of environmental regulation;

Analysis on the Productivity Growth of the Total Industrial Factors in Yanbian

Total Factor Productivity Growth and Its Contribution to Output Growth in Chinese Maize Production

Two facts about firm-level dynamics are important for understanding how financial markets impact entry and hence productivity growth

Enlightment of America Agricultural Productivity Growth

Information Technology, Economy Growth and Labor Productivity Growth

Faster productivity growth will be an important part of rich economies' revival

An Analysis on Three External Factors Improving Productivity Growth Rates in Companies

Studies on Analytical Methodology for Demand and Supply of Productivity Growth

Productivity Growth of Chinese Firms and Foreign Direct Investment

Productivity Growth for Lasting Prosperity

could face disappointing productivity growth and more stubborn unemployment than it is used to

messrs oliver , sichel and sterol , for instance , reckon trend productivity growth is around 2 . 25 %

Regional Differences of Total Factor Productivity Growth in China

Productivity growth in Hong Kong