real-terms

The result of this self-restraint was that exports soared in real terms, whereas consumer spending barely budged (see chart).

The advantage of housing over financial assets was that stocks did not even maintain their value in real terms .

"People's ability to consume depends on their wages, " which have been rising by about 10 percent a year in real terms, Mr. Kroeber says.

Mr Kilalea says that for the next few years, rough diamond prices should rise in real terms by at least 5 per cent.

When it comes to some soft drinks, juice in a small fruit pulp, down on the label must also be marked with the levels in real terms.

An equally weighted portfolio of the five commodities is now higher in real terms than the average of their prices back in 1980 (see chart).

With prices falling, even inert money in the bank or post office earned, in real terms, a small tax-free return.

All those years of appreciation, but in real terms not so much.

He sees emerging markets, international small caps and 'high quality' U. S. stocks gaining nearly 11% a year in real terms.

Starting in 1975, male US median pay has stagnated in real terms, while gross domestic product continued to rise rapidly.

Central government debt tends to rise over 85% in real terms during the first three years after a banking crisis.

"The SNB is now sitting on foreign exchange losses and a far stronger franc in real terms, " Yu said.

The new dispensation will feel harsh after a decade in which the health budget has grown by over 6% a year in real terms.

Just be patient a little longer as you everything to gain, and in real terms very little to lose.

This means consequently that the RMB should nominally appreciate by at least 2-3% annually just to keep from depreciating in real terms.

Deflation would make debts even bigger in real terms. That would be a disaster .

But prices were down in that period, which means growth in real terms would be higher: 15. 9%, according to the NBS.

One of the big pressures facing households is high inflation, which has left most people worse off in real terms.

This year, however, it has been appreciating in real terms (and, since June, nominally as well).

The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that, last quarter, workers earned 0. 7% less in real terms per hour than they did a year ago.

The right skew was composed of a number of outliers, or in real terms a number of poorly performing transactions.

In February, the most recent month for which trade data are available, the dollar was 4. 5% cheaper in real terms than a year earlier.

Even though farmers would seem better off nominally, in real terms they would actually be as badly off as they were originally.

I think that they exchange, should not involve too many interests in real terms, because Balao has never been about stocks operation.

Consumers have meanwhile been able to increase their spending in real terms.

Returns in real terms have even moved into negative territory on six-month paper, implying that investors still look to Germany as a haven.

Taken together with the predicted effects of inflation it would mean a real terms reduction by 2010, said Blair.

In real terms the minimum wage has risen by around 60% over the same period, with the greatest benefits felt in the north-east.

Yet while more people might be employed, high inflation also means everyone earns less in real terms than they did 11 years ago.

Wages continued to fall in real terms.

In real terms, the current account deficit is consequently stabilising at last, albeit at a very high level.

But the Malthusians might retort that man's famed ingenuity has not stopped prices from rising in real terms over an extended period.

On most measures, the quantity of money and credit in the eurozone is stagnant or shrinking in real terms.

In real terms there are no winners in arguments, as differences cannot be settled until all sides come together in forgiveness.

The result of this dislocation is that in real terms this century's bull market in gold already rivals the wild ride of the 1970s.

To put the phenomenon in real terms: In 2003, the commodities futures market still totaled a sleepy $13 billion.

Low interest rates mean that returns on bank deposits are often negative in real terms, and there are few other options for storing cash.

Despite the recent rise in food prices, Mr Schulte says, in real terms, food prices are below where they were in 1975.

Gold may have hit new highs in nominal terms, but it hasn't come close to hitting its old highs in real terms.

Consumer spending fell in real terms in July, retail sales were weak and unemployment shot up to 6. 1 per cent.

In 2006, with the share reform and the comprehensive management of the brokerage, capital markets into the turning point in real terms.

Although U. S. GDP grew substantially in real terms during the decade, relative to the G-20 countries as a group U. S. GDP declined by 19%.

Meanwhile, the yuan is appreciating, by a meaningful amount in nominal terms and by even more in real terms.

When, eventually, they retire will be on pensions far lower in real terms than those of their immediate forebears.

With almost $700 billion in annual expenditures, the Pentagon now spends more, in real terms, than at any point during the Cold War.

However, we can more than match them, as you might say "Man for Man" and in real terms we follow their plans extremely carefully.

In 2008-09, for the first time since the 1930s Depression, consumer spending in real terms fell for two years in a row.

With wage income up almost 3% in real terms, spending will remain firm and the economy will rebound from its third-quarter lull.

Retail sales of consumer goods increased by 15. 9% in real terms, registering a year-on-year growth of 3. 6 percentage points.

Profit margins were squeezed, and in real terms the stock market went nowhere for a decade.

When, eventually, they retire it will be on pensions far lower in real terms than those of their immediate forebears.

First, Japan had a currency, which devalued in real terms by 20 per cent over the six years to 2002, aiding adjustment.

He left the state with a smaller budget in real terms than he inherited eight years previously.

The Foundation also found average pay was likely to be no higher in real terms in 2015 than it was in 2003.

Chinese consumer spending actually strengthened this summer, with retail sales rising by 17% in real terms in the year to August.

Here, we take advocacy and apply it in real terms by way of entrepreneurship.

Even long-dated yields are less than 1% in real terms, thanks to demand from pension funds.

In real terms, you are only slightly worse off now than you were then.

In recent years, rural income has increased by a rate of 8% or more in real terms, substantially higher than the decade before 2004.

Interest rates in China are negative in real terms, fuelling asset bubbles and get rich schemes for those able to borrow.

Conversely if US inflation is higher than Chinese inflation, then the RMB is depreciating in real terms.

Yet as our index shows, in real terms food is still cheaper than it was 30 years ago.

The heyday for buying physical gold was in the early 1980s, when bullion reached its peak in real terms.

With some mortgage rates turning negative in real terms, it all felt like free money.

In real terms, wealth has increased by more than a third since the late 1980s.

Interest rates are only just positive in real terms. And although growth is slowing, there is little sign that the economy has stalled.

In the past decade, expenditure on the Public Works Programme (PWP) has grown at an average rate of 6 per cent per annum in real terms.

He also challenges British calls for an EU budget frozen in real terms.

In real terms, consumer spending has risen for an unprecedented 63 consecutive quarters, far surpassing the 1980s boom.

It also worsens the debt overhang, in real terms: thus adjustment is itself destabilizing.

Although the budget involves a nominal increase in spending of 23%, in real terms it involves a contraction.

The nominal income series in table 3 were converted to real terms by dividing them by the level of the national consumer price index.

The net exports surplus expanded YoY again in real terms (net of the price effect), contributing 0. 3 percentage points to real GDP growth.

But the interest rate would fall to zero in real terms if the graduate lost his job or entered low-paid work.

Foreign aid to farming also halved in real terms over the same period.

In real terms, the price of oil is now 25 per cent higher than in 1979, at the peak of the second oil shock.

Shanxi coal mine massive mergers and acquisitions in real terms in step by step movement.

An alternative measure of the importance of exports is the change in net exports in real terms.

Health spending has doubled in real terms, as has funding per secondary-school pupil.

According to the Economist, China is likely to be the world's largest economy (in real terms) by 2018.

In its report, the think-tank said wages in the OECD nations had on the whole been increasing in real terms, in spite of offshoring.

change in real terms shows the increase or decrease between two selected dates.

Well, if you look at the average food basket, uhm, over the past 20 years, consumers have been paying in real terms. . .

Measured in real terms, the appreciation of the renminbi has been much larger.

Ofgem predicts that they will rise by around 60%, in real terms, over the decade to come.

domestic investors seem likely to lose money in real terms.

In real terms, the value of the Nikkei stock market index is a quarter of what it was two decades ago.

One bright light amid the darkness is retail sales, which rose by 17% in real terms in the year to October.

Its licence fee will be frozen next year, meaning a cut in real terms. And the BBC has said it will spend less on imported shows.

Longer-term TIPS still offer a positive return in real terms, but it's meager.

For all the talk of "cuts" , state spending on health has increased by nearly a third in real terms since 2002.

The recent increase in inflation means that our income has been reduced in real terms.

US stocks have fallen more than 60 per cent in real terms since the market peaked in 2000.

In real terms The Economist's commodity-price index has gone backwards since 1862, falling by around half since then.

Government wages have not changed, in real terms, since 1981, when they were capped at a paltry $230 a month.

higher inflation meant that in real terms it rose considerably more.

Nominal growth rates maintained their postwar pace , but these were worth much less in real terms because of the raging inflation .

Still, don't hold out too long: even before the credit crunch hit, Michigan's GDP per head was falling in real terms.

Until this week's rise they were barely above zero in real terms.

Illegal drugs are available just about everywhere and at prices that have fallen in real terms over time.

Deposit rates were raised to 2. 75%, but in real terms savers get back less than they put in.

Last month the IMF estimated that world growth in real terms would resume and rise to over 2 percent by the end of 2010.

In part, this is a consequence of the falling cost of flying: ticket prices have dropped by 60%, in real terms, over the past 40 years.

Median earnings are rising and, despite a minimum wage at its highest in real terms since 1979, so is employment.

Rural per capita net income and urban per capita disposable income should both rise by 6% in real terms.

The IMF forecasts that total household spending there will rise by almost 7% in real terms this year.

Critically, Mr Cameron expects defence spending to start growing again in real terms after 2015.

Over roughly the same period, shipments from U. S. apparel factories fell by 31% in real terms, while apparel jobs fell by 26%.

In real terms the Central Bank's benchmark rate, the Selic, is now only around 6%, down from 11% in 2001.

Only residents' spending on domestic trips increased, and that was by a mere 0. 7% in real terms.

The new design offers only, in real terms, a better consistency, executed by KEF to maintain the standard.

In 2001, gold was no higher in real terms than in 1972.

So labor costs per ton of guano will rise in real terms unless technological advances allow more efficient use of labor.

In real terms, the value of the RMB has appreciated 18 percent against the US dollar, and 39 percent against the euro.

Gold's all-time peak in real terms was in 1980 when inflationary fears were particularly intense.

Interest rates remain deeply negative in real terms.

Official data this week showed UK families' weekly spending fell last year to the lowest in real terms for at least seven years.

American interest rates are now negative in real terms.

Over the past decade, we observed large housing booms in the US, where property prices almost doubled between 1996 and 2006 in real terms.

Costs characteristically decline by 20-30% in real terms each time accumulated experience doubles.

The more wages and prices fall, the bigger debt burdens become in real terms.

But that does not take inflation into account: in real terms it will be 3% lower.

This showed that, since 2005, the yuan had appreciated against the dollar by around 50% in real terms and 25% in nominal terms.

That adds up to a lot of pennies in the till: $1, 660bn of disposable income in real terms in China alone.

It is encouraging that in real terms, the market excesses of the past decade have not matched those of the 1920s.

What does that means in real terms? My question is when I can "receive" the products.

So borrowers pay little or nothing, in real terms, for money.

But the corollary has been that workers are suffering from wage cuts in real terms.

Second, choose to join, the best to choose the right track to join the national chain brand in real terms.

Gold prices can fall for years, even decades, in real terms.

Chinese inflation is up sharply, hitting 3. 5 per cent last month, thus meaning the currency is already rising in real terms.

Investors are expecting to lose money in real terms.

Interest rates are only just positive in real terms.

Measly as those yields may be, they are still positive in real terms because of the country's long record of deflation.

In real terms American farm prices have risen by 150% over the past century.

People with savings get more in real terms as prices fall.

Violent deaths are on the rise in both young men and women in real terms.

As a result, the entire world's money supply is growing at its fastest for decades in real terms.

That's even behind the inflationary 1970s, when investors lost about 23% in real terms.

Official data show that fixed-asset investment leapt by an astonishing 39% in the year to May, or by a record 49% in real terms.

As a result there has been pressure on the central bank to raise interest rates, which are at zero in real terms.

The denominator is a 10-year moving average of earnings, in real terms.

They have slowed more sharply in real terms, but were still up by 13% in the year to the third quarter.

Average hourly pay is falling in real terms.

Average wages have also fallen by 5% in real terms over the past year.

After July 2008, however, the dollar rose sharply, in real terms.

But, its real value declines by 50%. The creditor loses 75 in real terms in the inflation scenario.

As we all know, property prices can and do rise, even in real terms.

in real terms rather than money terms?

Retail sales jumped by 16% in real terms in the year to July.

In real terms, the trade-weighted renminbi is up 7. 5% over the past six months and fully 20% over the past five years.

Under Labour total expenditure would stay roughly the same in real terms in the four years after 2010-11.

Prices have rocketed; they are now higher in real terms than at any time since 1984.

Between 1947 and 1973, the typical American family's income roughly doubled in real terms.

The Shanghai Composite in China rose by a factor of five in real terms from 2005 to 2007, and then lost two-thirds of its real value.

So rates are a negative -4% in real terms.

Emerging-world premiums rose by 11% in real terms.

Nominal export growth of almost 22 per cent in April translates to about 10 cent in real terms.

Taiwan's wages have fallen 3% in real terms over the past decade, according to HSBC data.

According to the Economist Intelligence Unit, domestic demand may expand by as much as 11. 5 per cent in real terms this year.

A nominal yield of 3-4% looks attractive in real terms if prices are falling.

Prices of all five metals fell in real terms.

The 30-year returns are reflected in real terms and the annual ROI figures include a 4. 3% yearly wage inflation.

Since 1996 average black income per person has more than tripled in real terms, to nearly 20, 000 rand.

That means in real terms that we can feel the pressure instantaneously.

In 1980, the U. S. was in recession, and the economy shrank 0. 3% in real terms (that is, after taking out the effect of inflation).

The renminbi would then appreciate in real terms, and make Chinese goods less competitive.

The urban per capita disposable income and rural per capita cash income rose by 7. 8 percent and 13. 6 percent respectively in real terms.

At a stroke, the Chinese economy shrank, in real terms, by 40%.

In fact, over the past 3 years, global food prices have gone up by 26 percent in real terms.

Their sales fell by 3% in real terms in July.

Americans cut their spending by 0. 2% in real terms in March.

Even in real terms, prices have jumped by 75% since 2005.

There is precedent for shrinkage: defence spendingdropped by a third in real terms from 1987 to 1998.

Urban per capita disposable income rose by 58. 3 percent and rural per capita net income grew by 29. 2 percent, both in real terms.

To take another measure, viewed in real terms, the S& P 500 was down 61. 4 per cent at Monday's close since its peak in 2000.

That still leaves them 28% higher in real terms than in 2001.

After 1932, it took 26 years to regain the peak in real terms.

According to Mintel, a market-research firm, sales of white sugar fell by 16% in real terms between 2002 and 2006.

Consider this: Personal consumption in real terms is 11% below its long-term trend, based on the 1997-2007 period.

In real terms, the rise in retail sales last year was the biggest for over two decades.

In 2007, the world economy (measured at market exchange rates) grew by 3. 7 per cent in real terms.

They have dropped by only 16% from their peak in real terms, and Bernstein reckons the eventual fall will be more like 30%.

Theyhave won a pay rise of 3% in real terms.

In real terms, the S& P 500, the most widely used benchmark of US stocks, fell 30. 4 per cent in the 1930s.

Its GDP grew by 11% in real terms in 2001.

Overall, insurance premiums rose by 2. 7% in real terms to $4. 3 trillion in 2010, according to Swiss Re, a reinsurance firm.

Exports of goods and services gained 15. 1% YoY in real terms ( 25% in 2Q), while imports grew 17. 4%.

That is important because when you look at the real terms budget that we'll have in 2014-2015, it is around the 2004 level.

The per capita cash income of rural population was 4, 869 yuan, up by 13. 1 percent year-on-year, or 9. 7 percent growth in real terms.

Between 2002 and 2006 sales of sugar substitutes shot up by 22% in real terms in America.

Its decline in real terms from 1929 to 1932 (when there was deflation) was 79 per cent, while the fall from 1969 to 1982 was 62. 6 per cent.

Given a 5. 1% increase in the capital's consumer price index last year, this means a drop in real terms.

But they should be a bit more cheerful at the moment. American farmland values have doubled since 1990 in real terms;

Last year, the per-capita disposable income of urban residents increased by 8. 5 percent in real terms.

Concessional assistance to developing countries remained at $33 billion in 1998, or one-third below the 1990 level in real terms.

Retail sales in 2010, for example, rose 15% in real terms.

This year, the mainland economy is forecast to expand 9. 9% in real terms, down from 11. 9% last year.

second, a truthful specification of the industry on techno-economic features in real terms must be made;

Annual growth rates in real terms of exports and imports of services

Controlling Expenditure Growth in Real Terms

Programme resources in real terms;

grew in real terms first manned spaceflight

the annual per-captia income in real terms (allowing for inflation )