protein

The upshot was that the fat-retaining livers were rich in a variety of proteins known to help the body digest and store food.

This energy can take the form of fats, cholesterol, carbohydrates or proteins, and each of these has a respective number of calories.

How life had first made proteins without enzymes, which presumably had to be proteins themselves, had been a chicken-and-egg conundrum.

"I thought [such a] receptor can't be making the entire change in the body. There must be other proteins, " Wang says.

Study of LEA proteins was one of the hot fields in plant embryology and stress physiology.

AC-IV folds into a rare form of a barrel-like shape previously seen in only three other unrelated proteins.

It was thought earlier that multiple copies of no more than a few different proteins make up the protein "coat" of the ribosome.

It is possible that the degree of binding of individual proteins might be changed by glycosidase action.

The proteins used in vaccines are usually found on the surface of the disease-causing agents and can be generated in the laboratory.

This book provides the theoretical background necessary to understand how the structure of proteins is determined at atomic resolution.

The invention is also directed to the use of at least one of said fusion proteins for the manufacture of a medicament.

He had been comparing the virus genes with human genes to see if the virus might have evolved to mimic our own proteins.

"We found a large number of proteins that were involved in shuttling the virus around the cell, " Elledge said.

The bird excrement -- rich in proteins and a whitening enzyme -- is sterilized, ground into a powder and sometimes mixed with rice bran.

Antiviral drugs, which typically attack viral proteins, have had a huge impact on the quality and length of life of HIV-positive patients.

Despite intensive efforts, up to now, none of them have managed to determine the molecular architecture of these proteins.

Eating is just a question of portion control, containing carbs, proteins and good fats.

One of the most portable proteins is a hard - cooked egg , but it has no fiber or carbohydrates.

RGS proteins contain a conserved RGS-box, which is often accompanied by other signalling regulatory elements.

It had thousands more genes and proteins than any bacterium, despite sharing other features, like the genetic code.

The protein seems to have been added later, which means the ribosome is "an RNA-based machine that evolved the ability to make proteins. "

A big advantage would be the elimination of the need for costly manufacturing facilities to produce therapeutic proteins, he said.

Proteins are used in the construction of each cell of every organ, gland or system along with the muscular structure.

proteins can be toxic in and produce a certain detoxification.

In the next five years, Rosenberg expects to see blood tests available to measure the presence of proteins linked to Alzheimer's disease.

It's an advance that means living cells could be persuaded to make proteins with properties that have never been seen in the natural world.

Virtually all the surface proteins involved in immune cells' recognition of disease have been identified and named.

These proteins act like trucks, picking up the cholesterol and transporting it to different parts of the body.

So the same sort of a process, without the proteins, is happening on the inside of their pipes. They didn't know.

These churn out proteins, and those proteins bind to the receptors, but they do not tweak them in a way that passes the message on.

The single piece of DNA molecule winds itself around special proteins to form into very tight coils like a string (shown in yellow).

The results also should that the proteins would be absorbed by the body, allowing the in vivo antihypertensive activity to occur.

One of its jobs is to act as a messenger carrying genetic information from a cell's nucleus to the machinery which makes proteins.

The molecular basis of histocompatibility is a set of transplantation proteins that decorate the surface of nearly all human cells.

She said GM proteins are not passed from the soy into the animal product and the system poses no health risks.

They were the first to determine the structure of a ribosome-protein complex involved in carrying nascent proteins out of the cell.

said scientists might be able to create drugs that copy the blood proteins once they figure out their structure.

The scientists are now trying to figure out which proteins in the gator extract are the most potent.

The pancreas, like the small intestine, secretes enzyme in an alkaline juice to digest proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

The newest advance was the creation of a way to keep proteins from sticking to other surfaces, like fluid sticking to the wall of a pipe.

Such a clearing mechanism that operates along mitotic chromosomes might require proteins that are implicated in chromosome segregation.

The platform allows researchers to identify, in a single experiment, every sequence within every strand of RNA to which proteins bind.

Many parts of the body produce these bacteria-fighting proteins, the Indiana University researchers report.

Proteins containing those "non-biological" amino acids would have novel properties, and some of those properties might be useful.

Paramyxovirus structural proteins within a virus-like particle (VLP) comprise one example of such a vaccine.

The baculovirus expression system has been used extensively for the expression of recombinant proteins in insect cells.

I'd like to see more proof that these proteins are doing what [Hecht] says they're doing. . . . There may be some weird things going on.

The method is applicable for the fold assignment of any protein sequence with or without significant sequence homology to known proteins.

Admittedly, it is possible that genes encoding gas vesicle proteins may have been obtained by strain Fryx1 through lateral gene transfer.

The scientists extracted proteins from pumpkin rinds to see if the proteins inhibit the growth of microbes, including Candida albicans C.

Using yeast as a "test tube" and transcriptional activation of a reporter system, interacting proteins can be identified.

Western blotting --- A technique analogous to Southern blotting, used for detection of proteins, usually by immunological methods.

Such a huge amount of types is due to the different sequences of amino acids which compose the proteins in the peptide chains.

Antibodies are proteins that the body makes to help protect itself against infection.

Two of these proteins, involved in an inflammation response, may play an especially significant role in the disease, the researchers say.

The complex starches and proteins in these grains must be changed to a more readily usable mixture of simpler carbohydrates and amino acids.

DNA helix can have subtle structural variations in its grooves and its physical arrangement that affect how well proteins bind to it.

A part of the reason for this is a lack of enzymes to break down the older proteins to be recreated into the new structure.

The body uses two basic types of fuel: fat and carbohydrates (proteins serve primarily to maintain and repair tissue, not to power muscles).

Most of these proteins are part of "signalling pathways" involved in the body's response to such diseases.

Unlike chloroplasts, all the metabolites for these processes in non-green plastids have to be imported via specific transport proteins.

Researchers also checked participants' wounds over the next few weeks and their production of three proteins created in wound healing.

Tolerance of LC may be explained by a great intra and interspecific genetic diversity that leads to a great variety of proteins.

Depend on the role of proteins, target cells were stimulated differentiation by an autocrine or paracrine manner to promote osteogenesis.

The idea was that changes to such proteins in brain cells affected by Alzheimer's might leach into the blood system.

Cells that are not targets for the action of a particular hormone or neurotransmitter do not have these receptor proteins.

This suggests that the secreted epididymal proteins are transferred to spermatozoa by an unusual mechanism.

One of the best natural sedatives is tryptophan, an amino acid component of many plant and animal proteins.

Elafin is produced in the surface layer of skin cells in response to specific inflammatory proteins involved in GVHD.

They claim that this beverage contains enough proteins thus it is welcome by the public.

It is just the complexity of binding mode between proteins and RNA that limited the study of the interaction between them.

The bases constitute a code for different proteins, much like the letters of an alphabet foiling words and sentences.

Proteins, the building material and the machines of life, can only become active when they fold and take on a three-dimensional structure.

Electrophoresis of serum proteins confirmed that the patient did not have hypergammaglobulinemia.

They armed Adam with a model of yeast metabolism and a database offense and proteins involved in metabolism in other species.

This proteolysis and anaerobic breakdown of proteins that yields foul-smelling amine compounds is called putrefaction.

The researchers found that the changes in concentration of these proteins were evident within 1. 5 years of onset of symptoms.

It helps to synthesize proteins, build our muscles, and maintain the normal electrical activity of the heart.

He said: 'Only 30 proteins have previously been identified as responsible for a basic blood type. . . but the count now reaches 32. '

Their amino acid composition resembles that of all the other "soluble" proteins.

These present foreign proteins to the rest of the immune system, which provokes an immune response which is then remembered by the body.

Protein quantitative and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis results showed that TCA-acetone method was the best for extracting tea callus proteins.

Our results suggested that there might be 671 secreted proteins, accounting for 3. 0% of the total proteins.

However, when the proteins produced by the amygdala were blocked the mice did not exhibit the same trait.

Light hitting the proteins produces a pair of free radicals, highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons.

The LUCA operating system was an ingenious solution to keeping track of all those thousands of proteins.

So far, 11 proteins have been identified as members of this pathway, and several downstream effector proteins have been determined.

Known as essential amino acids, they provide the building blocks for many important biologically active compounds and proteins.

It must be reproduced (replicated) with a high degree of accuracy and encode information for the production of proteins.

Genetic technology allows genes, and thus the proteins those genes encode, to be knocked out of individual mice.

Collagen relates to a large family of different types of amylase proteins. So far, 27 different species of collagen have been found.

After CREB is switched on, it binds to a specific set of genes, triggering production of the proteins those genes encode.

Antibodies are special proteins that the body's natural defense system produces in answer to a threat.

With the help of specially designed antibody molecules, the team was able to determine the level of various proteins within these tissues.

Proteomics may be defined as the complete characterization of the full complement of proteins in a biological system.

Carbohydrates are more readily used for energy production than are fats and proteins.

And the mouse prisons were able to change the hamster proteins into a new kind of prion that infected both healthy hamsters and mice.

For proteins, single amino acid residues are removed from one end of the protein and identified one at a time using an automated system.

Therefore, globular proteins in solution are spun into a More extended fibrous structure to prepare texturized protein.

It is one of a group of proteins called cytokines that are used by the immune system to boss other body cells around.

any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis.

Instead, a test is used to identify proteins called "human leukocyte antigen, HLA" that are found on the surface of white blood cells.

Fluorescent proteins produced by a range of marine animals glow with a rainbow of colours, adding to the visual spectacle of coral reefs.

Vegetative storage proteins in the new shoots of poplar were identified by means of light and electron microscopy.

Some proteins of plant origin are also able to traverse plasmodesmata , presumably in ways similar to viral movement proteins.

Endorphin: Any of a group of proteins occurring in the brain and having pain-relieving properties typical of opium and related opiates.

Proteins or polypeptides (up to 70 amino acids)are ubiquitous molecules that are essential to all forms of life.

The big problem is that most of the flu virus proteins that do not vary much are on the inside of the virus, out of reach of antibodies.

Heparan sulfates (HS) are long, unbranched, negatively charged polysaccharides that are bound to core proteins.

Proteins bound to target DNA can inhibit integration by blocking access of integration complexes or stimulate integration by distorting DNA.

Among the extracts, proteins show immunocompetence activity, and can stimulate the proliferation of the cells.

In further experiments, they found that removal of these proteins depends on the chemical modification of the GluA1 protein.

Rather, a broad variety of proteins seem to exist in different cell membranes.

Tens of thousands of different proteins reside in a living organism, controlling important chemical processes in minute detail.

Such difference may be attributed to a restricted mobility of the proteins due to immobilization.

Confocal laser-scanning microscopy revealed differences in the subcellular distributions of these proteins.

Within weeks of the first dose, it appeared to work, by preventing tumors from making proteins they need to survive.

General stress proteins were identified by a comparative analysis with the heat shock response of B. subtilis.

Expression of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli often results inclusion bodies, an aggregation form of inactive proteins.

proteins constitute the body's vital substances, the body of various organizations - muscle, bone, skin, nerves, may all contain protein.

Years go by, and the scab develops into a fatty deposit, filled with cholesterol, proteins and bits of cellular detritus .

Photoptic proteins, protein version also known as the Yin Ping, letterpress, chart or base is aluminum plate or sheet.

It was all about proteins in the form of meats and dairy.

A good example here does come from the science world - that of DNA and proteins.

It was more about increasing the ratio of vegetables to proteins.

Proteins are the key components of the cellular machinery responsible for processing changes that are ordered by genomic information.

Collagen is one of the predominant proteins in the living body, and the essential protein component in connective tissue.

A bivalence insecticidal cotton able to express said two insecticidal proteins is especially provided.

When they tested drugs that block two of these proteins in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, the mice improved dramatically.

Although microRNAs do not code for proteins, they prevent specific genes from giving rise to the proteins they encode.

Most of the proteins were part of signaling pathways, which are key to the body's response to system-wide diseases.

Compared with its support cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol), the DEA- PVT possessed very little non-specific adsorption for proteins.

Translation is one of important bioprocesses in cells, which involves the interactions between or among RNA and proteins.

This allowed them to construct a blueprint of how the thousands of proteins work together to facilitate neurite formation.

Antibodies are proteins used by the body to fend off viruses or perform routine physiological housekeeping.

An ultimate goal for any protein production system is to express only the protein of interest without producing other cellular proteins.

Genes can also be silenced by modification of the histone proteins that make up the "smart stuffing" in chromosomes.

Six proteins normally present in the chaperone complex were individually purified and shown to be sufficient for this activation.

But its "approval" letter assumes that the proteins are mainly lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase, which are pretty well known to be safe.

And the proteins are all of the little things in your body that are signaling between the cells -- actually the machines that are operating.

In the processing of 45W proteins, the phosphorylated modification on which some functions are depended may be important.

Protein arrays provide a powerful tool for the high throughput parallel analysis of thousands of proteins within a single experiment.

"Sustainable proteins, " he said.

The aim of this study is to establish a method to determine hydrolyzed collagen proteins adulterated in milk by HPLC.

He concluded that during digestion enzymes break down the beans' proteins, which are considered to be the source of coffee's bitter taste.

The system can also be used to test complex formation for proteins for which there exists a reason to expect interaction.

A very "leaky gut" will indiscriminately allow the influx of foreign proteins into the body.

No urinary albumin or other proteins were detected at any time point, and no changes in glomerular morphology were noticed.

DNA that encodes insect receptors are injected into a frog egg and given sufficient time to produce and localize proteins.

Some proteins in muscles are also used for emergency when in hunger or in consumptive diseases.

Competent cells express specialized proteins that assemble into a DNA-uptake complex.

Some bacteria also secrete proteins that are toxic for the host, leading to mild effects such as diarrhea, or to fatal effects.

Several online programs were used to analyze the structures of the genes and the theoretical proteins to predict the mature peptides.

The brain and its long spidery neurons are essentially made of fat, but they communicate with each other via proteins.

The next step is to identify chemicals that inhibit the critical proteins in human cells and develop them as drugs for TB.

These "chromophores" must be built specifically for the task, and carefully incorporated into the proteins.

Now, Spiegelman and colleagues have identified two proteins that act as molecular "switches" to turn on the production of brown fat.

When people eat fatty foods, these aP2 proteins trigger a chain of inflammatory responses, he said.

The Japanese group decided to add an antigen-a compound that triggers an immune response-to the mix of proteins in the insect's saliva.

They exert their curative effects by gumming up the works of key proteins in the body.

Fortunately, time estimates inferred using many genes or proteins have greater precision and appear to be robust to different approaches.

The recovery yields of proteins were all over 80%.

The distribution of proteins and amino acids were similar in the different parts of the two Nitraria species. but fir. . .

The algae are ultimately harvested for proteins and oils that make fuel used to run the distillery.

Proteins are the building materials from which the body cells are formed.

Yeast two-hybrid screen is one of the widely used methods to search for unknown interacting proteins.

a high speed centrifuge used to determine the relative molecular masses of large molecules in high polymers and proteins.

Other accelerators are already used to take pictures of human proteins at work, helping doctors understand diseases and medicines.

Over the last two decades, they've identified dozens of human proteins, or host factors, required for HIV propagation.

Actins are a small family of ubiquitous proteins that are essential cytoskeletal components and are highly conserved during evolution.

So, it's not certain, but it may be that the beneficial effects of exercise on telomeres really occur via these proteins.

Immune cells, known as T-cells, have been found to proliferate in response to cow-milk proteins in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children.

These studies in the nucleolus have provided the first global characterization of the flux of proteins through a cellular organelle.

One of the most urgent things in life science is to find the special proteins to treat the human disease.

Here we review the properties of the initiation proteins, their interactions with each other, and with origins of DNA replication.

The new H and N surface proteins mean most people do not have antibodies to the virus, allowing it to go pandemic.

Proline: One of the nonessential amino acids, found in many proteins, especially collagen.

C-reactive protein is one of the most characteristic proteins in the acute phase, which partcipates in the acute inflammatory reactions.

What are the dominant water clusters thought to be interacting with the surfaces of proteins?

The rheological properties of soy proteins were investigated respectively using a capillary rheometry and a Brabender torque rheometry.

Though similar to DNA, RNA has always been considered DNA's helper; its best-known job is turning genes into proteins.

The hormones and enzymes that cause chemical changes and control all body processes are also made of proteins.

Actin: One of two proteins responsible for contraction of muscle cells and the motility of other cells.

Results Of the 271 proteins identified from the total protein solution of all samples, 11 were found to be unique proteins of biliary cast.

They then watched the organization of these labeled proteins as T cells landed on the membrane [see illustration below].

The essential fatty acids it contains produce collagen and keratin, two proteins vital for the appearance of sleek hair.

The researchers hypothesize that cooking an egg may denature some of the proteins responsible for the allergic response.

Transgenic plant as the bioreactor to produce recombinant pharmaceutical proteins has been advanced for over a decade.

At the present time, the major proteomic techniques consist of separation of proteome, identification of proteins and information retrieval.

But one theory suggests that after delivering a boy, a woman's immune system produces antibodies to male-specific proteins.

Ice Structuring Proteins(ISP)are the new-style antifreeze which modify morphology and inhibited the recrystallization of the ice.

The conformation changes of membrane proteins may have occurred due to the weak interaction of the complexes with membrane.

This molecule, called Sumo, is then attacked by an enzyme called RNF4, a process that also destroys the cancer-causing proteins.

On a different level, the cellular chemistry presiding over the constitution of proteins also operates by double articulation.

The technique could also be used to look for side effects, which are sometimes caused by drugs binding to proteins in unexpected ways.

Enzymatic assay of recombinant OsCKI1 proteins expressed in Escherichia coli showed that the protein was capable of phosphorylating casein.

It has been shown that proteins and enzymes can be bound covalently to freshly prepared magnetite in the presence of carbodiimide.

Radical Cure: Inject a patient with proteins from his tumor; train immune system to hunt cancer.

After 32 days, some of the former skin cells had acquired the appearance of nerve cells and were producing neural proteins.

A mouthful. The amino acid aspartic acid is a building block of proteins throughout the body.

Collagens are a group of proteins in the dermis, the connective tissue layer of the skin, and are responsible for the strength of skin.

The study also found a link among women between happiness and low levels of the proteins.

The memory-formation instructions encoded in the DNA can be used to make proteins, helping restore memory formation.

WRKY proteins are a large family of transcriptional regulators involved in a variety of biological processes in plants.

The RNA people would talk about the RNA world. We somehow got to proteins and DNA.

Recently, ionic liquids are applied in protein crystallization. Lysozyme is one kind of proteins that are crystallized easily.

All cheese results from a lactic acid fermentation of milk, which results in coagulation of milk proteins and formation of a curd.

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs), known as thermal hysteresis proteins have the ability to inhibit ice nucleators and ice recrystallization.

The family of minichromosome maintenance proteins is an important member of replication licensing system and is composed of eight subunits.

Pichia pastoris is one of the most used expression systems for the high level expression of heterologous proteins.

In case of globular proteins, the overall SHAPE is compact, while fibrous proteins form relatively simple long, thin threads.

a pigment produced as a result of a complex reaction between proteins and sugars in the leaf.

The next step is to work out the exact chemical structure of the antibiotic proteins.

Some of the cell's ribosomes are attached to the ER and the proteins they manufacture are inserted directly into the space inside the ER.

Numerous plant proteins resembling eukaryotic receptors have been implicated in the perception of pathogen-derived signal molecules.

The scientists believe the genetic adaptation technique could be used to resurrect body parts and proteins from other extinct animals.

Hair grows by adding new proteins to the base of the strand and pushing the strand up out of the hair follicle.

Spirulina blue can be used as natural colorants and proteins additive for food and cosmetics. Therefore it has widely economic potential.

The fructosyltransferase of oral Streptococci acts as one of its important cariogenic proteins.

C-reactive protein produced in the liver, the body's inflammatory response generated when there is an acute-phase proteins.

If the wheat can learn to recognise this as it is happening, itmight also be engineered to generate its own Ug99- resistant proteins.

Chromosomes are long strands of genetic material or DNA that have been packaged and compressed by wrapping around proteins.

The sun's powerful rays break down the collagen and elastin proteins in the skin.

One obvious improvement would be to increase the number of amino acids that can be assembled into proteins.

Not all organisms are killed by sterilizing processes in pet food, and you do not understand the role prion proteins play.

Luminal cells don't proliferate as much, but rather produce major proteins that are important for reproduction.

Inflammatory signaling proteins also were found to be reduced in the blood of the calorie-restricted mice.

Enzyme: Any of numerous proteins or conjugated proteins produced by living organisms and functioning as biochemical catalysts.

That anomaly suggests that the expression of proteins may be controlled by combinations of genes, rather than just by individual genes.

The proteins are located in the synapses, those specialized parts of neurons that allow brain cells to communicate with other neurons.

Inactive inclusion bodies are often formed during overexpression of recombinant proteins in prokaryotes.

proteins Can be a reversible process, unless the conditions causing denaturation are too severe.

After they are initially made, most proteins are modified through the addition of sugar chains, fats or other chemical groups.

A plant clock model has yet to be proposed, but clock mutants of Arabidopsis are expected to reveal key proteins in the mechanism.

These proteins can be important for signaling between cells and are often key markers for diagnosis.

The foods best equipped to help with recovery are a mix of carbohydrates and proteins.

Proteins were also found to be synthesized denovo and transported to the extracellular compartment.

The further bioinformatics analysis indicates that it is a secreted proteins and that it has a signal peptide of 20 amino acid residues.

Eat Post Workout. Get proteins and carbs post workout to help muscle recovery and replenish your energy stores.

Genes contain instructions for building proteins, which are made of units called amino acids.

Other items used to preserve foods included oil, vinegar or immersing animal proteins in their own congealed, rendered fat.

as the smell of ammonia is a reflection of rot rather than the enzymatic action that breaks down the proteins of the milk.

Researchers mixed the samples with antibodies that bound to four known cancer-related proteins.

Monoclonal antibodies have emerged as an important therapeutic properties for tumor by targeting specific proteins of tumor.

and a "health-conscious" diet of whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, rice, pasta and lean proteins like fish.

For the glowing proteins to be seen from outside the body, they needed to produce light that can pass through readily.

Scientists are crossbreeding existing peanut types that have lower levels of the proteins that cause anaphylaxis.

Interferons are genetically engineered copies of proteins found naturally in the body.

Proteins adsorbed onto the PDDA-MWNT composites are afterwards collected by elution with a citrate buffer as stripping reagent.

The sweet receptor is actually made up of two coupled proteins generated by two separate genes: known as Tas1r2 and Tas1r3.