protectionist

"I think we have to be very careful about sending any protectionist signals out there, " he said.

Matched against this belief are more cynical and protectionist forces that have, alas, had a strong hand in shaping the new law.

Clinton also said the United States must avoid protectionist policies that could harm Mexico as it deals with the economic crisis.

The risk of a protectionist reaction is all too real, especially in a global economic downturn.

To the objection that such a policy would be protectionist, a violation of the principles of free trade, one reply is, So?

Echoing US officials, he said the figures would add weight to mounting protectionist pressures in the west.

Canada's problems with its imperial southern neighbor involve trade disputes and protectionist surges -- just as if we were equal partners.

Yet with the review now at a critical stage, the EU appears ready to give way to protectionist voices in its member states.

Averting a protectionist turn in the policy of every country should be the administration's top priority in trade.

With a few noticeable exceptions, most have struggled to develop their mainland footprint in the face of protectionist regulations.

His instinct for rational economics has turned him from a protectionist into a champion of free trade.

"It was horrible advice given to the Chinese but a good example of how very real the protectionist threats are, " he said.

The move comes at a time when rising unemployment and concerns about terrorism have fuelled a surge in protectionist sentiment in the U.

The US could certainly destroy the Asian exchange rate pegs if it wished to do so, as it did with the protectionist "Nixon shock" in 1971.

So while the protectionist genie is not yet out of the bottle, it is kicking and pushing against the cork, trying to escape.

The people who worry most about the costs of trying to constrain carbon emissions are the very ones demanding protectionist measures.

And finally, there's been a flurry of protectionist measures, with countries from Mexico to Russia imposing new tariffs on imports.

Such a protectionist measure would "run contrary to the single market and harm British interests" , the business secretary said.

America is not alone when it comes to the imposition of protectionist policies as the result of political influence.

At a time of rising protectionist sentiment, GE's ability to assemble such packages could ease its path into new markets.

Although 'prudence' seems to be their middle name, protectionist plans can go awry if a visiting horde arrives.

More than 90% of goods traded in the world have been affected by some sort of protectionist measure.

A surge in Chinese exports is bound to boost protectionist reactions, which have been held in check thus far by the global crisis.

But China might incite a protectionist backlash if it restricts its market at home while aggressively expanding overseas.

In the United States, meanwhile, yuan weakness is regarded as a protectionist policy that threatens the U. S. recovery.

and a more protectionist one that wants to fight climate change but still preserve European jobs in energy-intensive industries.

And yet even in the US today, protectionist policies are making a tragic comeback.

Subsidies may indeed become a new protectionist battleground, as similar concerns play out in other industries.

Mr Brown denied Tory claims that he should have held out for a top economic job in the European Commission to fend off protectionist forces.

Combine the finance and trade protectionist measures, and the potential for a slowing of economic recovery moves from a risk to a certainty.

With protectionist policies gaining dangerous traction everywhere, the global economy needs a strong champion of free trade.

S. business. Its array of protectionist barriers, weak rule of law and siren-like market make events like this all but inevitable.

We have seen relatively little protectionist economic policy, although this clearly remains one of the key potential risks to recovery.

And this week, protectionist tensions rose to the surface in both countries.

"The US, Europe and the UK are more protectionist than Brazil, " he said.

Despite the protectionist rhetoric that still sometimes seeps into his speeches, Mr Obama would not sponsor a China-bashing bill.

Today the World Trade Organisation is expected to come up with its own list of protectionist acts.

The bill is expected to spark strong complaints from foreign investors, some of whom have dismissed it as a "protectionist" move.

By the same token, Mr Obama is less likely to pander to his party's protectionist wing than his primary rhetoric suggests.

With an economy in recession there will be protectionist growling from Congress which needs to be firmly resisted.

He argued that countries that are victims of Chinese mercantilism may be right to take protectionist action.

Yet the economy's expansion is out of control and a protectionist backlash looms.

He recognises that the reduction of current account imbalances is a necessary condition for a non-protectionist trading system.

Republicans attack Mr Obama as a rank protectionist and big-spending liberal, who promises the biggest tax hike since the second world war.

Trade has not been devastated by the raft of protectionist actions taken during the downturn.

The timing of the Doha round could not be more significant, as an economic slowdown has given rise to a new wave of protectionist sentiment.

for now , dragging much of the cabinet to beijing seems a small price to pay for diffusing protectionist pressure at home.

The trade spats of 2009 will not, with luck, escalate into a full-blown trade war, but protectionist sentiment will rise.

The latest draft of the directive is "not protectionist" , he says, it just "sounds nice" in Britain to say it is.

While both sides profess a desire to deepen commercial relations, protectionist pressures are rising.

Thus there is a certain perversity to suggestions that the proper reaction to a potential recession is to enact protectionist measures.

Protectionist sentiment could gather steam in the next two to three congressional election cycles, Duncan said.

By sounding tough up front, the logic goes, the Obama team will be better able to diffuse the more extreme protectionist sentiment.

European leaders said high prices showed the protectionist common agricultural policy needed to be preserved.

No one doubts the need for such regulations, but their excessive or discriminatory use can be implicitly protectionist.

A liberalising measure risks being turned into a protectionist tool. Given the antics of Mr.

Mr. Bergsten says the yuan is undervalued by roughly 20%, which he calls 'the biggest protectionist measure in the world by a wide margin. '

In an earlier speech, Mr Gutierrez warned that intellectual property (IP) violations were being seized upon by US protectionist voices.

"It also fuels populist, protectionist and anti-globalisation sentiments. . . Ignoring increasing inequality is not an option, " he added.

A strong W. T. O. will be needed to arbiter trade disputes as the world economy slows and protectionist urges simmer.

Richardson's appointment had been particularly encouraging to those who thought Obama's campaign talk sounded too protectionist.

Already China is squabbling fiercely with Asian neighbors as protectionist talk around the world rises alarmingly.

The protectionist lobbies that have wreaked havoc during past economic downturns are weaker or more ambivalent this time round.

The rising protectionist tone of his pledges to protect American jobs jars with the promise to restore the nation's standing in the world.

But officials clearly worry that protectionist forces in the United States could use the spate of quality problems to restrict trade.

The commerce ministry, once the most liberal arm of central government, now often sounds more like a protectionist cheerleader.

Their findings do not support the shrill protectionist rhetoric.

It is easy to say that times have changed and take a more protectionist viewpoint.

In the short run, such a move will help defuse protectionist sentiments in the US.

Growing unemployment due to the crisis will continue to fuel protectionist pressures for the years to come.

Indeed, as the growth gap widens in favour of EM, industrial countries' governments will face even greater protectionist pressures.

Poul Rasmussen, a former Danish prime minister and the driving force behind the directive, says the measure is "not protectionist" .

A more fundamental protectionist threat lies in global imbalances, which are at the root of the crisis.

But a surly, protectionist Britain would be worse.

But the Chinese report quoted a trade lawyer saying that the Indian policy was an illegal and protectionist.

Mr. Kirk said concerns that the U. S. is becoming more protectionist are unfounded.

Since then protectionist measures under various guises have been enacted in country after country, including the US and the European Union.

China, for its part, wants reassurance that not much will change, at a time of rising protectionist pressure in America.

Persistently high unemployment fuels protectionist tendencies.

But if you just start yelling "Protectionist! " , you're demonstrating that you don't understand what economics is about.

Labor unions, the welfare state, protectionist policies and massive borrowing all shielded Britain from the new international competition.

But it has also led to rising inequality in the rich countries, and they may now well respond by raising protectionist barriers.

Cnooc Chairman Fu Chengyu said Sunday his company is looking cautiously at such acquisitions due to protectionist concerns.

an expert on Egypt at Georgetown University, adding his voice to growing concerns that the military is enforcing protectionist polices.

The obvious threats are a protectionist backlash, environmental limits, pandemic diseases or war.

Predictably but disappointingly, many politicians are using their increased power to impose protectionist policies.

Elsewhere, there appear to be two main explanations for the more protectionist mood.

Aside from briefly quoting Samuelson, he does little to explain why protectionist policies are an appropriate response to underemployment.

Giving in to the protectionist impulse now can only make matters worse.

But paradoxically, the United States is turning protectionist.

Green barrier is one kind of protectionist measures th at developed count ries always take in international trade.

The British have been claiming that his acts reflect a protectionist attitude of the US that is anti-foreign business.

The days when vendors could get by on vendor lock-in, lack of interoperability, and other protectionist tactics are drawing to a close.

Some Italian businesspeople are relieved to see the government drop its protectionist attitude.

But not only would this provoke a protectionist backlash from America's new government, it would also do little to help producers.

But now, governments are investing in staple crops in a protectionist impulse to circumvent world markets.

These recent moves appear to reflect a rising protectionist attitude towards foreigners taking control of state- owned enterprises.

Discussions on currency manipulation, the food crisis, and protectionist subsidies should route through Geneva.

All are damaging both to trade and to the US's international standing. All risk inflaming protectionist sentiment at a sensitive time.

Even with clear trade rules, protectionist pressures may arise in disagreements over whether certain actions violate the agreed rules.

That decade saw a virulent outbreak of protectionist trade policies that contributed to a collapse of world trade.

If the perception takes hold that Beijing is dressing up protectionist sentiment in anti-trust robes, other governments will react in kind.

Asia is becoming awash with competitive liberalisation, while populist protectionist sentiment prevails in the west.

This was achieved behind protectionist barriers, first national and then European.

Unless a solution is found to sluggish real wages and rising inequality, there is a serious risk of a protectionist backlash.

Decades of inward- orientated industrial development and protectionist policies have taken a toll on India's strategic profile in Asia.

The excellent harvest in India convinced politicians, once fearful of food inflation, to lower protectionist defences.

China foreign minister sounded more hawkish stating that the US bill is protectionist and breaches WTO governance.

'This is a disturbing, protectionist move by China, ' he said.

But Chinese officials call a U. S. move to impose tariffs protectionist, and warn that it could harm trade relations.

Nonetheless, Congress was flooded with bills proposing everything from quickie tax cuts to protectionist trade curbs.

Could the increasingly protectionist instincts of US politicians destabilize the dollar?

Private direct investment may follow, especially as a way to circumvent trade protectionist measures.

Governments have planned 130 protectionist measures that have yet to be implemented, according to the GTA's research.

Most controversial were protectionist policies that were almost universally applied.

In the US Congress, there is a strong undertow of protectionist sentiment directed at China.

Pessimists reply that his eloquence encourages protectionist sentiment.

It could fuel protectionist and populist sentiment, particularly since Americans are already unusually fed up.

China this week launched its second buying mission to Europe in the past month in an effort to defuse protectionist sentiment.

This surely is currency manipulation. It is also protectionist, being equivalent to a uniform tariff and export subsidy.

Conflicting adjustment policies, especially if they lead to protectionist trade clashes, could make it much worse.

I suspect most trade associations came together originally for protectionist reasons, to keep out competition and set prices.

He noted he's averse to protectionist policy of "buy American" but admits to feeling a patriotic duty to do so nonetheless.

Governments are applying protectionist measures at the rate of 60 per quarter.

Indian businessmen grouch about difficulties in getting American visas and the protectionist urges of Mr Obama's Democratic allies.

Mr Lamy said governments had to "keep pushing back" against populist protectionist pressures.

Had it not resisted protectionist measures in the crisis, say officials, the single market would have collapsed.

"I really worry about China, " Mr Immelt said, accusing Beijing of becoming increasingly protectionist.

But protectionist intervention is likely to extend well beyond the cases seen so far: these are still early days.

It has also been the biggest target for protectionist measures, according to formal reports issued by the WTO.

Foreign companies had complained that the earlier rules were protectionist.

Opposing the protectionist policies proposed by the US Congress against China .

Averting a protectionist turn in US policy should be the administration's top priority in trade.

Those hailing from China or the Middle East, for instance, have to contend with the usual protectionist impulses.

Protectionist trade policy and dirigiste industrial policy meet at several junctions.

These have tended to portray recent product safety scares as being exaggerated by protectionist politicians in the US.

Heavy pressures are mounting on the presidential candidates in both parties to pander to protectionist and even isolationist sentiments.

It should also avoid protectionist trade measures at all costs.

In both China and America, an economic crisis would see nationalist and protectionist forces gain influence.

The report notes a general absence in protectionist policies despite the global economic recession.

The pledge to eschew protectionist trade actions that it took at the Washington summit in 2008 was broken within days.

If anything, the policies regarded in Brussels as protectionist are in France considered too liberal.

"China's extensive use of export restraints for protectionist economic gain is deeply troubling, " Mr. Kirk added in a statement.

The G20 promised not to adopt any new protectionist measures, and pledged a fresh effort to revive the Doha round of trade talks.

DURING the Great Depression, America's protectionist Smoot-Hawley Act of 1930 raised tariffs on more than 900 goods.

Exchange-rate movements could also prompt protectionist responses.

That may chime with the strongly protectionist views of the participants.

But challenges to this consensus may come from the protectionist far-left and the nationalist far-right.

Once America erected protectionist walls, Cnooc began its grand engagement with Africa.

But these early protectionist impulses gave way to a more stalwart defence of trade.

WTO rules include agreements that are meant to prevent governments from erecting protectionist barriers to trade.

This blatantly protectionist rule is but one example of the country's cumbersome and unfair system of insurance regulation.

And China would gain politically by helping to diffuse protectionist pressure from abroad .

Do you worry that all of these things coming together will mean that we see an increase in protectionist sentiment and maybe policies?

Since this is a global recession, the danger of an upsurge in protectionist sentiment is not confined to the US.

There are some countries that have protectionist structures for products that aren't built at least in part there.

Chinese interest groups are split over anti-dumping and protectionist trade measures.

International trade and investment is falling and protectionist barriers are on the rise.

The WTO head warned that free trade faced its severest test, with protectionist pressures poised to rise.

Even when there is truth in the protectionist arguments, developed world multinationals cannot afford to rely on political counter-measures.

Protectionist tariffs and farm subsidies illustrate the same problem.

Everyone is a protectionist, to a greater or lesser degree.

Until 1846 Britain was virtually self-sufficient, thanks to protectionist barriers that restricted imports.

It does not do these days to admit to being protectionist in polite society.

"If we go into a protectionist downward spiral, we are lost, " Johnson said.

The growing protectionist sentiment in the US and Europe is particularly noisome because it reeks of so much hypocrisy.

In reality, the jobs that have gone to China are not coming back, no matter what the dollar exchange rate or level of protectionist tariffs.

The protectionist impulses are overlaid with the strategic fears.

The House of Representatives is already proposing protectionist tariffs on nations that don't limit emissions.

On the contrary, it encourages me even more to fight the temptation of protectionist measures.

Japan, Saudi Arabia and South Africa avoided new protectionist measures.

Brazil's Foreign Minister Celso Amorim also rejects the idea that Obama's Democrats are protectionist.

Going in too strong also carries other risks, including a protectionist backlash.

It also contains some protectionist nasties in the shape of "Buy American" provisions.

Also, the USA is one the most protectionist states in the world, yet demands free access to everyone else's markets.

The 2002 US trade barriers ignited a protectionist fire that quickly spread across the world.

And it is precisely because we are anti-protectionist that we are aware too of the continuing need to be flexible.

The car business is so big and so global that it is likely to thwart the intentions of even the most protectionist politician.

They also warn against the urge to place protectionist barriers up.

Indeed, to varying degrees, all these countries adopted protectionist policies in the first decade of their postwar ascent.

As unemployment rises, governments are sure to face calls to shield their voters with protectionist barriers to trade.

S. Congress, is home to protectionist sentiment and human-rights concerns.

There is growing concern over what kind of protectionist riders Congress may want to put on these provisions.

Few European leaders admit to being protectionist; most pay lip service to free trade.

A wave of protectionist sentiment challenged the free-trade consensus that had prevailed since 1846.

they would also help counter the relentless rise in protectionist pressure in the West.

That political mood swing will again raise the protectionist risk in Washington, with the lightning rod being the Chinese exchange rate.

But, he warns protectionist policies surfacing in some countries are no solution to these problems.

Whether an NTB is protectionist is sometimes difficult to identify in the presence of market failure.

Free-market types gasp at the Arkansan's protectionist rhetoric.

Their country is the one targeted by the most governments for protectionist measures.

Most US presidents make the calculation to do something protectionist at some point.

US complaints about China's currency policy are right: it is indisputably protectionist.

China's huge trade surplus generates strong protectionist pressure in the US.

He stoutly defends free trade to protectionist audiences.

Mr Obama should resist the protectionist impulses of Congress.

What accounts for this protectionist drift in FDI policy?

not least because this would risk a protectionist backlash from abroad.

Hence it is in China's own interests to restrain industrial-policy activism and its protectionist spillover.

is critique of all protectionist and related tendencies is even today unsurpassed.

The politicians who will assemble at the G20 can feel the protectionist pressures mounting.

As a result, the chances of protectionist legislation passing through Congress will rise sharply.

Protectionist measures were an intense matter of discussion as finance ministers from the Group of 7 economies met this weekend in Rome.

She says her government opposes what she says is Congress using the currency issue to launch protectionist measures against China.

The Buy America provisions in the stimulus law are protectionist.

In developing and advanced countries there are growing protectionist voices.

The problem is that these technical issues are difficult to disentangle from purely protectionist measures, especially in the public eye.

Failure to get quick results could easily lead to protectionist responses, of which some glimpses have already emerged.

The US needs to pull back from what is becoming increasingly protectionist rhetoric.

Last year the fear was that Mr Obama would give in to enormous protectionist pressure from Congress.

Protectionist pressures are rising rapidly, not only in finance, but in trade.

Mr Huckabee's weakness is that his protectionist and anti-corporate rhetoric appals economic conservatives.

There is also a growing fear that climate change policies could prompt trade protectionist policies.

The 1980s also saw the discrediting of protectionist populists in the largest countries of Latin America.

That can lead to protectionist responses from other countries, threatening to slow or halt a broader economic recovery.

A protectionist move that is bad politics, bad economics, bad diplomacy and hurts America. Did we miss anything?

Another reason is that it is loth to give ammunition to the protectionist lobby.

Strong growth in China's spending and imports is unlikely to dampen protectionist pressures, however.

The ruling was seen as protectionist and populist by many people outside China.

A protectionist move that is bad politics, bad economics, bad diplomacy and hurts America.

As that occurs, we'll also see protectionist pressures intensify.

Mr. Lamy believes he can shame countries into cutting back on protectionist measures, say aides.

ONE cause for relief in the financial crisis is that, unlike in 1930s, the world has avoided a destructive protectionist war.

Protectionist trade legislation, on the other hand, is not the answer.

An EU that is more protectionist will grow more slowly, to the benefit of populist parties.

One answer is that it is a protectionist policy.

But now that one in ten Americans is without work, economic policy has taken on a protectionist tinge.

By the way, why is your country becoming so protectionist?

Even if we become protectionist we will still be poor.

Next on the list, say people who work in China or do business there, is the myriad protectionist barriers China has put up.

There are two objections to such a border tax: it would be protectionist;

causing retaliation from our trading partners overseas as they raise protectionist barriers against our exports

In both instances, the State has overtly moved to slow OR freeze the flow of commerce fOR protectionist reasons

Theoretic Analysis on Protectionist Trade Policy

DO PROTECTIONIST RISKS GROW IF THE G20 SIDESTEPS BIG ISSUES

A protectionist move that is bad politics, bad economics, bad diplomacy