adaxial

Leaf blade with both surfaces, or at least the adaxial surface, scaly and usually hairy at least along veins, sometimes without hairs.

the upper side of a leaf is known as the adaxial surface.

adaxial surface appressed-strigose, with a felted indumentum intermixed with brown hairs (some hairs sticky).

Corona lobes triangular-ovate, shorter than or as long as gynostegium, apex obtuse, with an oblong adaxial appendage.

Calyx 2-lipped, adaxial lip 2-lobed, divided to base, abaxial lip 3-lobed, divided to middle or to apical third; stems much branched.

Creeping or obliquely ascending herbs; sepals with adaxial gland-pits, male sepal margins distally irregularly crenate; stipules awned.

adaxial surface glabrous when mature, usually plastered, compacted and agglutinated, rarely loose and felted indumentum.

adaxial surface sparsely or densely scaly, scales unequal, often absent by maturity, hairs usually absent, rarely pubescent along midrib.

It is observed that the stomas on the adaxial and abaxial epidermis of the same leaves open unequally and their densities are similar.

Abaxial leaf surface brown when dry; adaxial surface deep brown. Corolla purplish red, with reddish brown spots inside; style glabrous.

Leaf blade subrounded or broadly cuneate at base; stigma 6-lobed at margin, lobes with a white hollow on adaxial surface.

Leaves elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, apex acuminate and mucronate, adaxial surface glabrous.

Auricles of stipules of radical leaves borne on adaxial side of petiole; flowering stems arising from axils of radical leaves.

young branches and both leaf surfaces silvery white, densely stellate-scaly, or adaxial leaf surface grayish green.

Corona lobes elliptic, fleshy, apex acute, reaching middle of stamens, with minute, basal, adaxial scale.

Leaf blade ovate to orbicular, indumentum thick, woolly, fawn to whitish, especially on adaxial surface.

Ovary strigose; leaves lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, adaxial surface not wax-coated.

Ovary glabrous; leaves oblanceolate, adaxial surface usually wax-coated.

Leaf blades filiform, up to 6 cm, ca. 1 mm wide, glabrous, adaxial surface scabrous.

Corolla white, white flushed pink, rarely pale yellow; calyx red or tinged red; adaxial leaf surface not bullate.

adaxial surface dark green, scales slightly contiguous or contiguous, golden.

adaxial surface usually scaly, otherwise glabrous or pubescent along midrib.

Apex of middle tooth of adaxial calyx lip truncate-rounded, margin irregularly denticulate.

Plants with the most severe phenotype formed only green organs, with many shoot apices on their adaxial sides.

adaxial surface green, matt, scales contiguous or overlapping, amber.

Leaf blade base usually attenuate; male flower with adaxial gland ca. as long as bracts, abaxial gland absent.

Corolla white, sometimes tinged pink, rotate; adaxial leaf surface setose.

Treelets, rusty tomentose or pubescent except adaxial leaf surface, petals, disk, stamens, and styles glabrous.

adaxial surface sparsely coarsely red-brown spreading villous-strigose, lateral veins ca. 6-paired, not reaching margin.

adaxial surface glabrous, sometimes with vestiges of hairs in grooved midrib.

adaxial surface green, shiny, glabrous except for tomentose groove of midrib.

adaxial surface dark green, scales contiguous to overlapping.

adaxial surface glabrous or with persistent bristles, even when mature.

Achenes erect, stipitate, long ciliate along abaxial and adaxial sides.

adaxial surface shiny, glabrous, midrib and lateral veins strongly prominent abaxially.

Buds glabrous. Female flower: adaxial and abaxial glands present.

Adaxial leaf surface green, densely lepidote, scales amber.

adaxial surface dark green, scales nearly contiguous, pale.

adaxial surface deep green or olive-green, scaly, otherwise glabrous.

adaxial surface pale green, matt, scales overlapping.

appendages adherent, with a silky hair on either side, adaxial one ca. 2 mm.

adaxial surface deep green, sparsely scaly, densely white-pubescent and thinly hispid, midrib raised abaxially, concave adaxially.

teeth ovate to ovate-triangular, ca. 3 mm, ciliate, apex acute or cuspidate, rarely acuminate, adaxial teeth longer.

adaxial surface dark green, scales contiguous or nearly so, 2-colored, pale yellow and yellow intermixed.

adaxial surface glabrous; midrib and lateral veins prominent abaxially.

adaxial surface pale green, scales pale, deciduous.

style branches as many as pistils, adaxial surface stigmatic.

adaxial surface glabrous except in grooved midrib.

Petals as many as sepals, free, thickened glands on base of adaxial surface.

leaf blade broadly linear, to 1 cm wide, scabrous, glabrous or adaxial surface shortly pubescent.

stigma 2-lobed, only adaxial gland present, terete, ca. as long as ovary (excluding style) bracts. Fl. Jun.

Achenes numerous, rarely few, on adaxial surface of fleshy hypanthium, woody.

adaxial surface bright green, scaly or glabrous.

adaxial surface deep green, sparsely scaly, midrib and lateral veins raised abaxially, concave adaxially.

Sepals 5, imbricate, adaxial 1(or 3) extended into a long slender nectariferous spur.

stigmatic surface adaxial.

Branchlets nearly glabrous; adaxial surface of leaf blade glabrous except on midvein; inflorescences minutely puberulent.

adaxial surface greenish blue-gray, matt.

teeth triangular-ovate to subtriangular, ca. 5 mm, apex acuminate, adaxial teeth longer.

staminodes (1-)3 or absent, adnate to adaxial, lower, or adaxial and abaxial sides of corolla tube.

staminodes absent or 2, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube.

staminodes 3 or absent, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube.

Fruit a capsule dehiscing by adaxial suture, or a berry.

staminodes 3, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube.

staminodes (absent or)1 or 3, adnate to adaxial or adaxial and abaxial sides of corolla tube.

Calyx tubular to campanulate, slightly curved near throat, 15-veined, indistinctly 2-lipped, adaxial lip 3-toothed, abaxial lip 2-toothed.

staminodes 1-3, seldom absent, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube.

appendages partially adherent, adaxial one 2--3 mm.

In lateral organs such as leaves, abaxial is synony-organs with the underside. Compare adaxial.

2 (1) Bracts lanceolate, oblong, or elliptic, adaxial gland usually 2- or 3-lobed, abaxial gland sometimes absent.

staminodes 2 or 3, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube.

Calyx 2-3 mm, adaxial segment 3-lobed from near middle, outer surface glabrous.

5 (4) Leaf blade with veins flat on adaxial surface.

adaxial surface rugose to bullate, glabrous or with a few bristles at base when mature;

adaxial surface yellowish, with a thin wax coating, glabrous;

hydathodes set in leaf margin, equidistant between abaxial and adaxial surfaces, not secreting chalk;

anthers dorsifixed, coherent by adaxial surfaces, the cae divaricate, confluent at apex, dehiscing longitudinally;

anthers dorsifixed, connate by adaxial surfaces, the cae divaricate, confluent at apex, dehiscing longitudinally;

Female flower: gland adaxial, quadrangular, shorter than pedicel;

pollen sacs borne on outer side of microsporophylls, with distinct adaxial and abaxial surfaces;

filaments distinct, linear, with or without adaxial ligulate appendage at base;

Female flower: adaxial gland large, divided or entire, abaxial gland very small or absent;

Female flower: glands adaxial and abaxial (sometimes absent);

adaxial surface green, smooth, glabrous or with vestiges of juvenile hairs on the midrib;

oral setae undulate, densely covering margins and adaxial surface;

Male flower: adaxial gland broader than abaxial gland, usually divided;

adaxial surface green, slightly rugose, glabrous, midrib grooved adaxially;

Male flower: adaxial and abaxial glands shortly linear or terete, divided or entire;

adaxial surface without filiform-acicular hairs;

adaxial surface dark green, slightly wax-covered, glabrous;

adaxial surface glabrous, sometimes with vestiges of hairs;

adaxial surface deep green, slightly floccose when young, glabrous when mature, midrib prominent abaxially, grooved adaxially;

adaxial surface glaucous, glabrous when mature, midrib grooved adaxially;

corolla inside with short, thick hairs near base, adaxial lip nearly erect;

adaxial surface glabrous except for groove of midrib towards base;

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adaxial surface green, glabrous, midrib plane or slightly grooved adaxially;

Nutlets 4, adherent to gynobase by entire adaxial rib or only by rib base, erect, homomorphic or heteromorphic;

Male flower: adaxial gland slightly larger than abaxial one;

Male flower: adaxial gland greenish brown, long ovate;

adaxial surface dark green, glabrous when mature;

adaxial lip 2-lobed from near middle, shorter than to nearly equalling abaxial lip;

adaxial surface deep green; midrib slightly raised abaxially, slightly grooved adaxially;

Stamens 2, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube near middle, rarely near corolla base, included;

adaxial surface green, glabrous when mature, midrib raised abaxially, grooved adaxially;

adaxial surface glabrous; midrib raised abaxially, concave adaxially;

adaxial surface not shiny, without scales;

adaxial surface green, glabrous, midrib and lateral veins raised abaxially, flat adaxially;

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adaxial surface green; midrib raised abaxially, grooved adaxially;

Male flower: adaxial gland nearly equal to abaxial gland, sometimes 2-cleft;

Female flower: gland 1(or 2), adaxial gland broad, lobed or entire, abaxial gland sometimes present, small;

Stamens 2, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube above middle, included;

stipules caducous; petiole long, with 2 adaxial glands at apex;

adaxial lip 2-lobed, shorter than to nearly as long as abaxial lip;

adaxial lip 2-sect from near base, slightly shorter than abaxial lip;

anthers fused by entire adaxial surfaces, ca. 3 mm, glabrous;

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Ovary linear to linear-lanceolate, 2-loculed, only adaxial locule fertile;

Stamens 4, anterior 2 inserted below lateral lobes of abaxial lip, posterior 2 inserted near throat below adaxial lip;

corolla pink, glabrous outside, adaxial lip ca. 1 cm, abaxial lip ca. 16 mm;

adaxial lip 2-lobed, nearly as long as abaxial lip;

Petiole 0. 5-1. 5 cm, pale yellow or brown, sometimes pubescent when young, adaxial furrow broad;