achene

Over the years, the shape of the inflorescence changes according to the number of achenes that have been dispersed form the peripheral zone.

Receptacle glabrous, rarely with a few hairs; achenes glabrous.

We conclude that the mucilage layer of A. sphaerocephala achenes plays an important ecological function in seed dispersal and germination.

The main characters of this species are small leaflets and compressed achenes with narrow, lateral wings.

Stigmas capitate. Achenes exceeding persistent perianth, brown, shiny, broadly ellipsoid, trigonous.

In very old inflorescence, however, from which the achenes have already dispersed, the mechanism no longer works and the bracts are shed.

This effect of position ensures that achenes of each whorl germinate when they reach the periphery and are disconnected.

Achenes narrowly ellipsoidal, tuberculate.

The central achenes are the last to go.

Achenes grooved; angles rounded below middle, sharply acute above; pedicel articulate at middle.

The achenes need to be disconnected from the capitulum before they germinate.

Wings entire; perianth (including wings) in fruit orbicular; achenes smooth, shiny.

Amerindians used the achenes (seeds) of Canada goldenrod for food, especially in emergencies.

A. sphaerocephala produces achenes in three colors that germinate at different rates but reach the same final germination percentages.

stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, dark brown, dull, nearly orbicular, biconvex or trigonous, ca. 3 mm.

Fruit drupelets or drupaceous achenes; stems prickly, rarely unarmed.

Other achenes are carried away by wind or runoff water and germinate in runnels.

Achenes with long beak; ribs often not prominent; bristles sparse, not enlarged at base, soft.

Achenes erect, stipitate, long ciliate along abaxial and adaxial sides.

Each season, some of the achenes are dispersed by rain.

Fruit broadly ovoid or ovoid; achenes ovoid or oblong; pedicel jointed below middle.

Achenes included in persistent perianth, shiny, narrowly ellipsoid, trigonous, ca. 2 mm, smooth.

Achenes reniform, covered by a sticky membrane.

Achenes biconvex, ovoid, margin broadly winged.

Leaves strongly ciliate at margin; achenes smooth and shiny (in E North America).

stigmas capitate. Achenes slightly exceeding persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, ellipsoid, trigonous, 4-5 mm, tapered at both ends.

Achenes light brown, shiny, trigonous-ovoid, smooth.

stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black, opaque, ovoid, trigonous or biconvex, 1-2 mm, finely glandular or pitted.

stigmas capitate. Achenes trigonous, not winged or horned at base.

Achenes dark brown, shiny, ovoid or trigonous-ovoid, smooth.

Styles 3; stigmas capitate. Achenes exceeding persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, ovoid, sharply trigonous, ca. 3 mm.

stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, dull, subglobose, weakly trigonous, ca. 3 mm.

Achenes lens like, one side slightly concave, apex ridged.

Achenes numerous, rarely few, on adaxial surface of fleshy hypanthium, woody.

stigmas capitate. Achenes black, opaque, nearly orbicular, biconvex, ca. 1 mm in diam.

Styles 3; stigmas capitate. Achenes light brown, shiny, ovoid, trigonous, equaling persistent perianth, ca. 3 mm.

Styles 3; stigmas fimbriate. Achenes ovoid, trigonous.

stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, ovoid, trigonous, ca. 3. 5 mm.

These achenes can float on water for a long time, and the mucilage mass facilitates the seed germination and seedling development.

bracteoles linear. Achenes ellipsoid, 6-ribbed.

Achenes blackish brown, shiny, ellipsoid, trigonous, ca. 2 mm.

Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, slightly shiny, broadly ovoid, trigonous, 3. 5-4 mm, densely granular particulate.

Achenes dark brown to black, dull to shiny, 3-4 mm, usually ovoid, sharply trigonous, punctate to smooth, apex acute.

Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, broadly ovoid, trigonous, ca. 2. 5 mm.

Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, ovoid, trigonous, ca. 1. 5 mm, smooth.

stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, broadly ovoid, trigonous or biconvex, 1. 5-2 mm, smooth.

Achenes slightly exceeding persistent perianth, brown, shiny, broadly ovoid, trigonous, 2. 5-3 mm, constricted at base, apex acute.

Achenes with adherent liquid. Fl.

stigmas capitate. Achenes yellow-brown, slightly shiny, broadly ovoid, biconvex, ca. 1. 5 mm.

Achenes blackish brown, dull, broadly ovoid, 6-8 mm, trigonous, sometimes narrowly winged, angles smooth to repandous, apex acute.

Achenes dark brown, shiny, broadly ovoid, sharply trigonous, ca. 2. 5 mm, base narrow, apex acute.

Achenes smooth, usually with 1 row of small apical tubercles.

Achenes included in persistent perianth, shiny, ellipsoid, biconvex, ca. 2. 5 mm.

Fruit ovoid; achenes ellipsoid, with 2 rows of bristles per rib.

Styles 2; stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, narrowly ovoid, biconvex, ca. 2. 5 mm.

stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, ovoid, trigonous, 2. 5-3 mm.

Achenes ellipsoidal, ca. 6-ribbed.

stigmas capitate. Achenes black-brown, opaque, broadly ovoid, trigonous, 2-2. 5 mm, punctate.

Achenes included in persistent perianth, opaque, ovoid, trigonous, 2. 5-3 mm, glandular.

stigmas capitate. Achenes black, opaque, ovoid, trigonous, 2-2. 5 mm, densely punctate.

Achenes obovoid, ca. 1 mm in diam. , smooth.

Achenes nearly ovoid, 7-ribbed. Fl. Apr.

Mature achenes subreniform, ca. 1 mm in diam. , rugose.

Achenes brown, shiny, ellipsoid, 2. 5-3 mm, sharply trigonous, base narrow, apex acute.

Achenes brown, shiny, ellipsoid, sharply trigonous, 2. 5-3 mm, base narrow, apex acute.

Perianth 5-6 mm, glandular dotted; achenes opaque.

Achenes ellipsoid or ovoid, ca. 1 mm.

Styles 3; stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black, shiny, ovoid, trigonous, 2. 5-3 mm.

Achenes subreniform, ca. 1 mm wide, smooth.

Achenes subreniform or ovoid, ca. 1 mm, smooth.

Achenes yellow-brown, shiny, ellipsoid, sharply trigonous, 1. 5-2 mm.

Leaf blade 2-lobed at base, rarely entire; achenes biconvex or trigonous, 1. 8-2 mm, finely pitted.

Achenes gray-brown, ovoid or subellipsoid, slightly compressed, 1-1. 2 mm.

stigmas capitate. Achenes black, dull, subglobose, 2. 5-3 mm.

Achenes subglobose, flattened on 1 side, ca. 0. 5 mm in diam. , rugose.

Achenes narrow and long obconical, 1-seeded, base usually with a tuft of villous hairs, apex with persistent style;

stigmas capitate. Achenes trigonous, ellipsoid or oblong-ovoid, woody;

Comparison of mucilage produced by achenes of 5 Artemisia species under different rainfall treatments

Syncarp with achenes enclosed by enlarged and succulent calyx;

Stigmas capitate. Achenes broadly ovoid, nearly orbicular, 4-5 mm in diam. , trigonous, winged along angles, apex acute;

achenes with bristles and wings at base of ribs, unarmed at apex;

achenes 10 to numerous, spirally attached to elongated receptacle, with 2 hard hollow protuberances at base;

bristles ca. as long as or shorter than width of achenes;

achenes bilaterally compressed, with 2 or 3 longitudinal thin ribs on each side;