monetary

After all, there was no legal mechanism for a country like Greece to leave the monetary union.

The Monetary Authority of Macao yesterday said the funds would be handled "in accordance with the instructions of the account holders" .

The International Monetary Fund (referred to as IMF) is currently deeped into a very awkward position after after 60 years of development.

The bank-bailout channel will be the only monetary transmission mechanism to function like clockwork.

A second error was that Japan tried to offset the adverse economic effects of a strong yen with over-lax monetary policy.

In addition, the report from Nikkei Business Daily said the Bank of Japan is considering additional steps to ease monetary policy.

It said the company received a tax incentive from the city of Plano, but had not received any "monetary or tax breaks from the state" .

This was at a time when the dollar had been falling in value so fast that the monetary and banking systems were in a state of crisis.

In much of the world, the International Monetary Fund is called in when a country gets into a financial mess.

The point of this thread is recession, especially as it pertains to current government fiscal and monetary policies.

"Europe has set out to complete economic and monetary union, " she said. "Here we are certainly in a race with the markets. "

Then a modicum of peace, monetary stability and open markets was all that was expected.

The Bank of England's monetary policy committee is split on whether to raise interest rates, but it has got more hawkish.

For the purpose of comparing well-being across countries, asking people how they feel might be better than monetary measures.

If fiscal policy as a left- wing economic take -off , then monetary policy is no doubt that it is the right - wing.

Currencies are considered part of a country's monetary sovereignty, to be dealt with, if at all, by the International Monetary Fund.

Central bank is able to control monetary multiplier indirectly by means of using monetary instruments to affect various factors.

inflation : An increase in the general price level, resulting in a decline in the purchasing power of the monetary unit.

For decades, discussions about the international monetary order focused on the way that it appeared to be dominated by the US.

In the long run, such a world would require significant reform of the international monetary system.

That background might predispose the new ECB president to the sort of monetary-policy activism that the Fed has gone in for.

As the central bank has tightened monetary policy, this has made it harder for the bank to win the business of ordinary savers.

He said the bank would pursue "strong monetary easing" and provide liquidity to financial markets.

It may be that in decades to come this will be all that survives of common cursive: our monetary promises, and our names.

Fan said the central bank could continue to loosen monetary policy if loan growth turns out to be sluggish next year.

Equities nearly halved their losses after the Fed stuck with its ultra-loose monetary policy and said the economy was gaining traction.

Youth unemployment needs to be tackled urgently, said David Blanchflower, former member of the Bank of England? s monetary policy committee.

Traders said the markets were pricing in a move to ease -monetary policy further at the Fed's rate-setting meeting on Tuesday.

Much of the inflow in recent years has come from the huge build-up in dollar reserves by foreign monetary authorities, especially China.

It's trying to run its own monetary policy, raising interest rates and ratcheting back bank credit to curb inflation.

As the Times noted, "By his own description, Mr. Geithner's expertise is in matters of currency exchange rates and monetary policy. "

In the past couple of years, to try to keep the economy out of a tailspin, it has more than doubled the size of the so-called monetary base.

Bernanke's plan seems to be to devalue the dollar against gold with huge monetary expansion, causing nominal equity values to rise.

A measure of that restoration lies in the extent to which we apply social value, more noble than mere monetary profits.

Back to monetary rewards, productivity incentive plans should be evaluated to see the bottom line impact on costs and savings.

That, at least, appears to be one finding of a fascinating paper from the International Monetary Fund this month.

The Fed's classic mistake that led to the Great Depression was that it tightened monetary policy when it should have eased.

In a conversation with me on Monday, the congressmansaid that he intends to get into the question of monetary policy itself.

said he wanted reform of the international monetary system to be at the top of the agenda at the group's November summit in Seoul.

Monetary policy, in short, is still determined by the amount of money in the system rather than the price of it.

Tickets have no monetary value and cannot be sold or exchanged for cash or any other items.

In Asia, the Reserve Bank of India sent a signal that it was ready to start tightening monetary policy once more.

Now, as a fierce fiscal retrenchment begins, the bank is expected to cushion the impact by keeping monetary policy looser for longer.

China has flirted with trying to tighten up its monetary policy to tamp down inflation, but it has not really taken decisive action.

Thus, there is, at least in a transition period, scope for the extension of monetary control to offshore deposits in these currencies.

In trying to keep its monetary virginity intact, the bank threatens to destroy the eurozone.

He expanded on this theory, known as monetarism , by studying years of American monetary policy.

As noted, buyers of capital and consumer goods are not buying, even though monetary policy is trying to make it easy.

'With help from monetary-policy steps, I'd like to avoid the economy from falling into a double-dip recession, ' he said.

The International Monetary Fund also said it stands ready to join the support program, including through a multi-year loan.

Here's what happened: the Fed decided to squeeze inflation out of the system through a monetary contraction.

For a start , the US is not the only country that has tried to revive its economy through ultra- loose monetary policy .

Meanwhile, the question remains whether private demand will pick up once fiscal and monetary stimulus measures are withdrawn, he said.

For a start, they have left too much of the task of preventing overheating to monetary policy, pushing up the cost of credit.

It would be a nonsense if the ECB's dogged defence of monetary rigour led, say, to an Italian default and a global depression.

Already, one member of the bank's nine-strong monetary policy committee has been voting for a quarter-point rise in the base rate.

The U. S. central bank in its monetary policy pushes interest rates up or down by moving money in and out of the financial system.

None of this seemed to matter during the first few years of the monetary union.

Consequently, whether monetary policy is transparent or secretive, policy effectiveness is possible to achieve in practical implementation.

And part of the appeal of "one tool, one target" was that it made monetary policy explicitly a technical rather than political affair.

MR. GEITHNER: You're trying to get me to speak about monetary policy, which I won't do.

Chinese stocks extended their winning run to a fourth session yesterday as hopes of looser monetary policy continued to grip the market.

How much further China eases monetary policy is bound to reflect the leaders' views of how deeply the Chinese and global economy may slow.

The contracts, normally signed on an annual basis, specify a formula tying the bank manager's monetary rewards to performance.

While loose monetary policies and availability of easy credit have triggered growth, there has been a flip side to it as well.

The primary remedy is the setting up of a true precious-metals-backed currency alternative to the dark cabal's broken monetary system.

Athens will run out of cash in early October if the next tranche of the eurozone-International Monetary Fund rescue loan is not disbursed.

For Canada to have an independent monetary policy, it had to let its currency float.

The news comes as China continues trying to cool the economy by restricting monetary policy and imposing anti-inflation measures.

The money would be part of a plan with the International Monetary Fund to help control Egypt's budget deficit.

But a host of examples stretching back over the centuries bear witness to the long-term link between monetary growth and inflation.

He was an international affairs fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and a visiting scholar at the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

He said weaknesses of the monetary union, which lacks monitoring and enforcement mechanisms, have contributed to the current fiscal woes.

It was a mistake to put such a hulking creditor second only to the International Monetary Fund in the recovery queue.

It was a big mistake to try to push Italy into an International Monetary Fund programme without being able to deliver such an outcome.

According to the International Monetary Fund, one of every four jobs lost worldwide was lost in the United States.

He said the issue had become "the most important problem to solve in the international monetary system today. "

But he doesn't favor more stimulus now, saying 'lags in monetary and fiscal policy actions' should be allowed to 'work through the system. '

However, this is not really news, as the authorities have been trying to tighten the monetary environment throughout this year.

He thought it better to replace its control over interest rates and the money supply with a mechanical rule for monetary growth.

The dark governance is starting its disappearance act even as a new monetary system readies itself for its swift and auspicious entrance.

Quantitative easing was a tool of monetary policy that the Bank of Japan used to fight deflation in the early 2000s.

The bank's monetary policy risks letting inflation get so far out of control that there won't be any way to gently step on the brake.

He said increased use of SDRs should be thought of as an "evolutionary" step rather than a step towards "global monetary union" .

The crisis and its fiscal and monetary aftermath destroyed the rich old world's credibility as a purveyor of any sort of financial wisdom.

For the Bank's Monetary Policy Committee this is a useful peek at the state of the economy at the moment that it makes its decisions.

Investors seem to prefer the monetary approach of the European Central Bank and the Bank of Japan.

Mr Sarkozy seems to think similarly, calling for a multilateral approach to the monetary system.

A few days earlier, the City had been expecting the monetary-policy committee (MPC) to do nothing this time around.

Monetary policy had been overly tight in the early years of the last decade.

Investors seem to prefer the monetary approach of the European Central Bank and the Bank of Japan.

Mr Sarkozy seems to think similarly, calling for a multilateral approach to the monetary system.

A few days earlier, the City had been expecting the monetary-policy committee (MPC) to do nothing this time around.

Monetary policy had been overly tight in the early years of the last decade.

One of the main reasons for the strength of the European currencies this year is anticipation of a tightening of monetary policy by the ECB.

That consensus is fraying. Just as it has on the wisdom of more fiscal stimulus, opinion is starting to polarise on monetary policy.

"Monetary conditions are likely to see more visible loosening in the rest of the year. "

He said the International Monetary Fund should concentrate on doing a better job of monitoring the build-up of financial risks.

The rouble area did not long outlive the Soviet Union; the monetary union of the Czech Republic and Slovakia lasted only a matter of weeks.

For at least two decades the US has been unable to provide monetary stability, financial regulation and fiscal rectitude.

Monetary policy did not change. Banks were all positioned the same way, he says.

One is that you've mentioned that monetary policies sort of seem to be stuck.

The International Monetary Fund said the softer data pointed to a more subdued recovery.

However, just as there was no universal-bartering standard in the past, there is no global monetary system today.

The inflation control target is at the heart of Canadian monetary policy that the Bank and the Government have established.

On Friday he said he hopes for an even higher figure and noted that the International Monetary Fund forecasts 8. 8 percent.

In the G20 summit, President Hu's speech regarding the reform of international monetary system got to the point.

Is all what's happening actually 'cooperative', 'responsible' and in the interests of a 'well-functioning monetary system'?

That is to say, low interest rates are a symptom of recession, and recession is often a symptom of too-tight monetary policy.

Lord George was a moderniser, and nothing brought the bank up to date better than giving it independence over monetary policy.

Some colleagues on the Bank's independent Monetary Policy Committee thought the governor should keep his nose out of fiscal policy.

It has also promoted reform of international monetary systems and the internationalisation of the renminbi. Sadly, none of these has worked.

The term includes a monetary unit of account established by an intergovernmental organization or by agreement between two or more countries.

Investors may have thought they were acting prudently at a time when the world seemed to be racing towards monetary Armageddon.

Those of a more bullish persuasion might argue that the Fed opened the door to more monetary stimulus by its actions last week.

The combined effect of these actions was that the monetary base more than tripled in size.

Name and telephone number of responsible person who may be contacted by the Monetary Authority in case of any query.

For, just as each nation is wont to reckon by that monetary standard with which it is most familiar, so must we do in other matters.

The most dominant institutions which perpetuate this paralysis seem to be Theistic Religion and The Monetary System.

His view chimes with that of the Obama administration, which is warning against premature fiscal and monetary consolidation.

Monetarists assert that the empirical study of monetary history shows that inflation has always been a monetary phenomenon.

One of the euro's big attractions was that it offered many countries a shortcut to a credible monetary set-up.

"We have to prepare for relatively high inflation in the coming decade and that's why monetary policy has to be relatively tight, " he said.

Then ask yourself what might have happened if there had been no monetary union in Europe.

"Hence, making monetary policy less accommodative would not be inconsistent with maintaining the current monetary policy stance, " he said.

If we were at the beginning of an ordinary cyclical recovery, the combined fiscal and monetary policy response would be reasonable.

Analysts said the move could herald more aggressive monetary policy easing if more signs of a slowing economic recovery emerge.

There will be calls for remedial action from the Bank of Japan, although it has no low-risk way to ease monetary policy much further.

For today, forget about sectors and trying to map economic and monetary policy out of Beijing.

Competitive pressure could then force France to leave the euro as well, bringing the monetary union to an end.

It was the perverse nature of the world monetary system that allowed it to happen in the way it did.

On the face of it, the pact is about bolstering the economic bit of Europe's economic and monetary union (see Charlemagne).

Trying to remedy this imbalance, the author concentrates on what he judges to be the essentials of monetary theory.

Unlike in developed markets, economies seem to have developed real traction after unprecedented fiscal and monetary stimulus.

The FPC is now part of the Bank of England, which is meant somehow to ensure that monetary policy takes into account the financial sector.

Central bankers will find it harder to know how they are affecting monetary conditions or to be clear about what they are doing.

The arrest of the managing director of the International Monetary Fund is likely to be a significant marker in Europe's relative decline.

Particular problems, like the monoline insurers, should be dealt with by particular remedies, not the warm bath of monetary policy.

Uncomfortable as it might be for the West, the next monetary order is more likely to be made in Beijing than in New Hampshire.

For a clue, view the Budget statement next to the latest minutes from the Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee.

We never claimed to have found a solution to the problem of monetary policy and asset prices, but we tried hard.

The U. S. government used to fight inflation with monetary and fiscal policies. But nowadays these two weapons are no longer effective.

The short contract market of modern Ningbo money shops belonged to a monetary far date, but did not develop into futures.

Economists with a more monetary bias , however, are worried by the sluggish growth in some measures of the money supply and bank credit .

"Monetary stimulus alone is not enough - it must be combined with fiscal stimulus if you want more bang for your buck, " he noted.

Sushil Wadhwani, former member of the Bank of England's monetary policy committee and a Khosla family friend, is also a shareholder.

It is true that this result can follow only in the long run and only if monetary and credit policy permit it.

That leaves it to the Bank of England's monetary-policy committee to fire-up the economy.

Public borrowing spiralled so far out of control that in 1976 the International Monetary Fund had to be called in.

Just as monetary easing has not resulted in any surge in lending, the bears also think the fiscal element will run out of steam.

He said: "Fiscal and monetary stimulus together may provide broader support for the economy than monetary policy actions alone. "

Cost is a measurement, in monetary terms, of the amount of resources used for business , , purposes.

'The bank will, while pursuing strong monetary easing, continue to provide ample liquidity to the financial markets, ' Mr. Shirakawa said.

There can be no more pretence that monetary union respects the premise on which it was sold to European citizens, Germans in particular.

While the recession has battered businesses around the world, it has been a boon to the International Monetary Fund's finances.

Adam Posen, a member of the Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee, lamented that fact in a speech in October.

From this perspective, money does not deserve to be central to one of the two "pillars" of the ECB's monetary policy strategy.

For many monetary risk-takers, starting an affair may be another way of satisfying their urges without breaking the bank.

A monetary union may require more than just a eurobond and a small fiscal union.

Bear in mind that this monetary reboot is a stopgap: as the abundance spreads, the need for such forms of wealth will decrease.

This kind of exchange involves little or no monetary assets (namely, monetary assets are referred to as a "boot" ).

Mr Hu's trip comes at a time of growing tensions between the US and China over trade, monetary and strategic issues.

"Japan needs to move forcefully on many fronts, " combining fiscal, structural and monetary policies, to tackle its problems, he said.

All this is at least leading to some accidental reforms as policy makers try to vent monetary pressures.

The economy must be weaned off the exceptional support, both fiscal and monetary, it has received during the recession.

The IMF said the scrapping of the dollar peg would increase the central bank's flexibility to tighten monetary conditions.

Narrow political interference in monetary management has , in most cases , proven to be damaging to the long - term interests of society .

The reversible, self-financing and immediately applicable nature of the above monetary policy plan should reduce these fears.

It's going to be better in fighting inflation, you know, monetary policy will be more effective.

Milton Friedman: Inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon. To control inflation, you need to control the money supply.

The point is fundamental: exceptional monetary and fiscal measures are not the root cause of the danger.

Again, such a valuation approach converts abundle of disparate attributes into a monetary value.

The system tends to accommodate such needs through monetary expansion.

Also, output continued its decline through 1982, when it began to climb at a time when monetary policy remained tight.

The company believes that its new ad network will provide monetary incentive for publishers to have their websites marked up semantically.

At present, the market tends to reasonable valuation levels, with easy monetary policy introduced, the market will inject more liquidity.

Raghuram Rajan, a former International Monetary Fund chief economist, said the missing ingredient was political will.

The unit of account referred to in article 6 of this Convention is the Special Drawing Right as defined by the International Monetary Fund.

Unfortunately, monetary policy seems to be pushing on a string.

The demise of this conventional market wisdom is one of the achievements, for want of a better word, of European Monetary Union.

Inevitably, parts of a complex union are more successful economically than others, and this can undermine the union's monetary management.

It cannot be stated too strongly: US fiscal policy is not exhausted (nor is monetary policy, for that matter).

Over the next two days, the European Central Bank will host a conference to discuss the role of money in monetary policymaking.

The huge expansion in the monetary base will have disguised this, showing up in a spike in loan-to-deposit ratios.

Just as inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon, so is nominal growth.

Mr Guo said the government's monetary tightening had so far had a "neutral" effect on CCB's operations.

So the net effect of all that Fed monetary tightening has not raised mortgage rates at all.

Monetary policy is usually administrated by a Government appointed "Central Bank" .

This is one of many costly facts about monetary union now bursting disagreeably to the surface.

My colleagues and I coined the term sleep debt because accumulated lost sleep is like a monetary debt: it must be paid back.

Countries that benefit from international monetary arrangements should be prepared to invest in preserving them.

Before asking whether foreign exchange interventions are appropriate, we need to first ask what sort of monetary policies are needed.

In countries with floating currencies, looser monetary policy often (though not always) results in a weaker exchange rate.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF), the fireman in previous financial crises, has been a bystander during the credit crunch.

But the global economy seems to be robust, although greater concern now about inflation may lead to more monetary tightening.

For the moment, therefore, ordinary monetary-policy rules do not apply.

Monetary policy is usually administered by a Government appointed "central bank" .

He worries that the Fed has long underestimated the extent to which changes in financial structure complicate the task of monetary policy.

That may well tell us that London remains, as it always has been, a place where monetary entrepreneurs flourish.

Said Li Daokui , an academic economist who sits on the central bank's monetary-policy committee: 'This marks the beginning of a new era. '

WHEN the Federal Reserve put its monetary foot to the floor two years ago, it had plenty of company.

The bank is almost certainly not done with its monetary tightening.

it is a fund established by law for specific purposes , generally referred to as the maintenance of monetary and financial stability.

There is only one possible candidate, the International Monetary Fund, which in recent years appears to have lost its way and its influence.

The essence of the contemporary monetary system is creation of money, out of nothing, by private banks' often foolish lending.

Please provide description of your services in bid, not just a monetary value.

And yet what we actually got was an underpowered response on both the fiscal and the monetary fronts.

Against this background, the Governing Council continued to judge the current stance of monetary policy as appropriate.

At present, the dominant academic view seems to be that monetary aggregates should have no part in monetary policy decisions.

It would far prefer to strike out in a new elite monetary grouping, probably including the Netherlands, Austria and France.

For more than 20 years, Ron Paul, the Texan Republican, has been trying to pass a bill that would audit the Fed's monetary policy decisions.

Central-bank 'independence is lost when monetary policy is tied to the wagon of fiscal policy and then loses control over prices, ' he said.

The money would come from the International Monetary Fund, from financial instruments known as special drawing rights.

Allow freer capital flows in and out, to help normalize monetary policy?

Yet even such a crisis would not entail dissolution of the monetary union.

Morgan Stanley's Global Monetary Analyst report is now seeing possible stagflation around the globe in a manner similar to the 1970s.

First, we eased monetary policy substantially, particularly after indications of economic weakness proliferated around the turn of the year.

Countries with dollar pegs are in effect importing America's looser monetary policy and with it inflationary pressure.

the euro has adopted the single monetary policy , but each country acts of its own free will in terms of banking regulation.

And in a country where new loan data is one of the key determinants of monetary policy, that's a real problem.

"Developed countries must undertake responsible fiscal and monetary policies, " he said.

"Historically, (easier monetary supply) has been constructive for oil, which then is constructive for other commodities, " he said.

And despite clear signs of economic weakness, there is no let-up in the pressure for quick monetary and fiscal tightening.

It would be a fully-fledged financial stability agency as well as a monetary policy agency.

We want lower not higher taxes, said the Canadians. Too hard to enforce, said the International Monetary Fund.

Tightening at this point, with ultra-low interest rates in the US, would be monetary suicide.

The fund's next head must be a genuine economic architect capable of helping to design an entirely new international monetary framework.

Last week, the International Monetary Fund said $675 billion in capital would be needed by big global banks over the next several years.

The lesson drawn was that it was important to avoid an excessively tight monetary policy.

Phase two of a cyclical bull market begins as markets start to anticipate the beginning of a monetary tightening cycle.

That did not stop the Republican leaders in Congress from taking the highly unusual step of calling on Mr Bernanke to end monetary easing.

The monetary system does not always apply known methods that would best serve people and the environment.

With the big exception of the European Central Bank, most have repeatedly postponed the moment at which monetary policy is tightened.

Flows of international capital, large as they may be, are not large enough to undermine monetary and financial stability.

Fiat currencies, backed by nothing more than the monetary authority, do not have an esteemed place in history for holding their value.

But according to an International Monetary Fund report released Thursday, some of the hidden effects may be just as important.

Just a decade ago, Asia, Latin America and Russia were on financial life support from the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.

Has the U. S. forever given up on the dream of a rules-based monetary order for a global economy dedicated to free trade?

The HKMA needs to make it clear whether its ultimate aim is to break with the greenback and head for monetary unification with China's yuan.

But the underlying robustness of the economic recovery, and of the structure of our monetary and financial systems, should not be ignored.

Subordinating monetary policy to exchange rate policy would be painful for institutions like the ECB.

They were able to maintain economic growth without inflation, despite the rise of oil prices, by following an expansionary monetary policy.

But the monetary union itself has no need for China's savings and good reasons to stay away from them.

how to control monetary fund is most significant for a company , but it does not cover the total contents of monetary fund administration.

Monetary restraint Holding down the rate of growth of the money supply.

This rally is the result of gigantic monetary easing, including a doubling of the U. S. monetary base.

Energy is becoming more expensive each day, both in terms of its monetary costs and its environmental costs.

"It should ease some of the concerns that monetary policy has been politicized, " he said.

But as the loosen of capital account control, the independency and effectiveness of its monetary policy will also be greatly affected.

To France's delighted president, Nicolas Sarkozy, this was the birth of a European Monetary Fund.