molecule

Research from Spitzer has revealed that this outer red zone lacks organic molecules present in the rest of the galaxy.

They get surrounded by soap molecules and, because air is lighter than water, the bubbles want to get back up to the surface.

Scientists think the molecules making up the primordial ooze of life on Earth might have formed in such a disk.

Still another kind of force, which seems to make the layers or molecules of a material slide or slip on one another, is a shearing force.

By testing those chemicals against disease-causing bacteria, drugmakers look for individual molecules that might have therapeutic potential.

Meanwhile, many metal nanoparticles have been used to catalyze the reaction of small organic molecules and enhance the reaction efficiency.

The number of molecules is often small so that large fluctuations can occur.

Hoping to understand obesity, brain researchers continued to hunt for molecules that, like leptin, control food intake.

Infrared observations indicate that this nebula may contain complex carbon molecules known as PAHs.

That powder is able to soak up gases, which combine with the water molecules to produce a hydrate.

Early Earth seems to have been covered in a soup of organic molecules with no chiral preference.

The molecules of living things are made, not of two or three atoms, but of hundreds or thousands in different complicated patterns.

By using lasers, says Kuznetsova, they were able to break down the molecules without compromising the data encoded in them.

hemoglobin is a protein consisting of multiple molecules, and such a molecule can interact with a non-protein compound called heme.

And chemicals that seem either to prevent the misfolding, or to help the body clear away misfolded molecules, do, indeed, exist.

Nitric oxide(NO) is one of the ten smallest chemical molecules found so far in nature and is a small highly diffusible bioactive molecule.

The methodologies have been used in the total syntheses of several biologically interesting molecules, such as estrone analogous.

Some researchers think comets might have originally brought some of the water and organic molecules to Earth that now make up life here.

the brightness of the sky depends on the amount of air molecules along the line of sight . more molecules mean a brighter sky.

It learns early on which biological molecules are "self" , in the sense that they are routine parts of the body it is protecting.

Yaghi's lab has made thousands of different versions of the molecules, testing to see which had the proper shape to selectively admit CO2.

The aim is to have at least one of these molecules complete the journey by 2010.

And out of that field campaign we'll probably get a few dozen papers on a few dozen processes or molecules.

But quantum dots make it possible to tag a variety of biological molecules, each with a crystal of a different size (and hence color).

And what our strategy is going to be, is to determine what are the probabilities that molecules are in certain states with certain energies.

Stoichiometry: Determination of the proportions (by weight or number of molecules) in which elements or compounds react with one another.

Starch is due to the nature of the starch molecules contains easy-to-reactions of hydroxyl, starch many substances reactions.

So these molecules are going to look around and say hey, you know, I'm much happier here.

The number of these circular DNA molecules - known as signal joint TCR excision circles (sjTRECs) - declines at a constant rate with age.

Compound: Any substance composed of identical molecules consisting of atoms of two or more elements.

It refers to a system state where the energy, the state of every one of those atoms or molecules is specified.

To say that molecules are conceived by analogy to motes or other observed particles is evidently to depart from that sense of analogy.

Aggregates of molecules do not grow into crystals of a size large enough to settle or be filtered out.

Strano said the sensors are made up of thin filaments of carbon molecules known as carbon nanotubes.

And then these two molecules will fly apart with high velocity. And that tends to be much more highly probable then the first process.

Generally the active site cavity is defined by comparing the superposition of active to that of inactive molecules.

It was found that the oxidation rate of the azo dye molecules is related to its adsorption amount on the surface of composite electrode.

The latest study, published in Nature, links a group of small molecules produced by the body to the aggressive form of the disease.

Like the ball occasionally moving up a step, the rotor is sometimes buffeted enough by other molecules to move against the gentle torque.

And these molecules, especially methane and ethane, can be liquids at the surface temperatures of Titan.

A laser beam can be made narrow enough to focus on a single cell, on part of a cell, or even on individual atoms and molecules.

All the heat and light of a fire comes from big, carbon-based molecules combining with oxygen.

So just from the point of view the number of molecules, water vapor greenhouse effect will far more than carbon dioxide.

The number of molecules in this chain(length of chain|)is known as the molecular weight.

It has nothing to do with resistance, water molecules, and other pseudo-academic concepts that are discussed out of context or incorrectly.

The general concept of biotechnological use of soil micro-organisms to degrade recalcitrant molecules is much older and widely exploited.

Cellular membranes do not block the movement of alcohol molecules throughout the body.

Research into the receptors that attract unique molecules into the cells is beginning to unlock the secrets of several diseases.

And a little later some other pair of molecules happen to crash into each other and maybe react or maybe don't.

Changes to any of these molecules can result in uncontrolled cell growth.

Also surprising was the cornucopia of other elements and molecules that Lcross scooped out of the Cabeus crater, near the Moon's south pole.

Close to absolute zero, some atoms and molecules have been made to form a quantum material called a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).

Enzymes are protein molecules that act as catalysts for all chemical reactions within the body and are necessary to sustain life.

Since the Bradyrhizobium strains still form nodules to establish symbiosis, they must be using different signalling molecules to do so.

Despite intense research, however, the exact molecular mechanisms of action of these molecules remain, to a wide extent, unclear.

"The patients with disease recurrence had these immunosuppressive molecules in their tumors, " he said.

His calculations regarding the internal motion of molecules did not agree with measurements of specific heats, for instance.

As two rough surfaces slide over each other, some of the projections wear off, possibly a few molecules at a time.

This is because the long-chain molecules of the material always remain as separate entities and do not form chemical bonds to one another.

Each growth factor binds to its own specific receptor, which activates a unique set of signaling molecules.

There are many ways these long-chain molecules might be turned into fuel, but all of these processes are more complex than for algae.

The non-wetting monolayer may include molecules which include at least one atom of each of carbon and fluorine.

Helical structures retain a unique place in life since biological recognition is encoded within helical DNA molecules.

When a warm substance comes in contact with a cold substance, giving some of its energy to the cold molecules.

But we found two or three molecules, one of which was very good, which was able to induce immunity against all the variants of the molecule.

can see many molecules flying in the air when a sunbeam penetrated the dark room.

The recipe for life, at least as we know it, calls for liquid water, carbon-based molecules and a source for energy.

Calibration kit for the measurement of platelet glycoprotein expression level or any other human platelet surface molecules.

Inorganic molecular nano materials are the materials composed of molecules of nano size in at least one dimension.

The molecules of a gas behave as though they were perfectly elastic bodies.

And just a few months ago in my lab, we were able to take these very same molecules and make cells with them.

Temperatures in the parts of the solar atmosphere are high enough to decompose nearly all molecules into atoms.

Methane molecules are easily blown apart by ultraviolet light from the Sun, so any methane around must have been released recently.

Cell signaling Cells communicate with one another in multicellular organisms using extracellular signaling molecules or hormones .

Molecules of carbon dioxide are continuously being exchanged between the atmosphere and water through a process called diffusion.

A bond forms between the enamel molecules so they link up to become giant molecules, much larger than lacquer molecules.

Instead, it matches the ratio found when organic molecules have been through a few rounds of biochemical processing.

As Nowak has shown, all that's necessary for life to emerge are molecules subject to forces of selection and mutation.

Further a sensor system comprising such a field-effect transistor and the use of a sensor system for detecting molecules is disclosed.

Blocking these genes using RNA molecules, known as RNA interference, could be a potential treatment for alcoholism, they say.

These organic molecules have been illuminated by the Trapezium's stars, and are shown in the composite as wisps of red and orange.

The enzymatic generation of lipids serves as an amplification mechanism through which a wide variety of effector molecules can be recruited.

Air Ionization* -- use of an ionizer, to charge molecules in the air, can be an effective complement to a sound grounding system.

The phase of metabolism , in which large, complex molecules are built up from smaller, simpler ones, is called anabolism .

Bacteria communicate using chemical signals, releasing and receiving signalling molecules in a process known as quorum sensing.

EXAMPLE: Researchers are interested in theories about nano computers which would have switching components made of molecules.

The migration process is always regulated by the signal molecules in a complicated network.

That means each of its molecules contains an oxygen atom as well as the carbon and hydrogen found in an alkane.

the oxide layer seems to adsorb solvent molecules, which might improve the stability of droplets in solvent.

And these molecules would interact with these very small and light particles and so the light particles would never make it to the bottom.

Scientists at JIC and elsewhere had also previously managed to decorate the surface of virus particles with useful molecules.

So molecules might generally still be in the ground vibrational levels, thermal energy isn't enough to raise them in many cases.

You know, normally, always, there are interactions between the molecules and the liquid.

Nuclear experts say that radiation from the core of a reactor can split water molecules in two, releasing hydrogen.

And then the system energy would simply be the total number of molecules times that.

But that money used to have possession is not the real molecules of the real economy.

Inflammatory molecules can even cause nociceptors to begin generating signals in the absence of any environmental input.

Up to this moment, scientists have successfully synthesized an organism from molecules.

However, it is usually difficult to confirm the binding site and ability of the clusters and small molecules in the experiments.

We must recall that this reaction involves not just the encounter of two molecules and constituent atoms.

Epicatechin is a flavonol, a class of molecules that are thought to have widespread effects on the body.

Molecules are generated by an iterative growing procedure in which atoms are added to existing fragments.

The average separation between molecules in the surface are then slightly greater than those inside.

But the scientists found that pre-incubation with EGCG was capable of inhibiting the production of these molecules.

The cellulose fiber we call wood is made of thousands of glucose molecules linked into giant chains that no longer taste sweet.

Their discovery helps scientists understand how they someday may be able to attach therapeutic drugs to molecules.

Light hitting the proteins produces a pair of free radicals, highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons.

Plexiglass draws its strength from the nature of its polymers, long chains of molecules that become entangled with one another.

Within the Golgi complex molecules are modified and packaged for export out of the cell or for delivery else where in the cytoplasm.

These can be analysed by a technique that uses fluorescence to read the sequences of the letters that compose the molecules.

It is possible that the hydrogen is combining with carbon in molecules on Titan's surface to make methane.

Furthermore the cement that humans pour over the land makes it impossible for the molecules to do anything but slow down.

were magnified to the size of the earth the molecules composing it would be about as big as a large orange .

(Air molecules do not pass heat along by jostling their close neighbor. ) Rather, they move along in a group when heated.

This pushes molecules off the sample surface as gaseous ions, which can be detected and identified by the mass spectrometer.

The molecular state-selectivity has been widely used for studying collision dynamics, spectrum of molecules and laser chemistry.

pairs of sugar molecules by the two simple sugars off part of the condensation of water made of sugar, soluble in water.

With the help of specially designed antibody molecules, the team was able to determine the level of various proteins within these tissues.

PDs are involved extensively in a plants life by mediating symplastic transport of a wide range of ions and molecules.

The fungus, Gliocladium roseum, produces various molecules made of hydrogen and carbon that are found in diesel, the researchers said.

The molecules exert forces upon each other, which depend upon the distance between them.

Condensation reaction A chemical reaction in which two molecules are joined together with the elimination of a simpler molecule or group.

Another possibility is that bacteria are unable to make essential new RNA molecules, since the supply of raw material is not available.

On the surface of the cloud, these by-products react with each other and release "aggressive" chlorine atoms that attack ozone molecules.

The orientational order is an important concept of the materials composed of large molecules or clusters.

New candidate drug molecules that are advanced into preclinical testing by the research arm of a drug discovery company or organization.

Molecules at the hot end of a rod vibrate faster and faster as the temperature there increases.

Wisps of green are organic molecules called Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) that have been illuminated by the nearby star formation.

As fat-soluble molecules, they do not diffuse over great distances in the watery extracellular environment of the brain.

However, the body has a "backup plan" which involves molecules known as ketone bodies.

"Oxygen molecules at the time were unheard of in the environment, " he said.

Polyclonal antibody preparations contain multiple antibody molecules recognizing different epitopes on an antigen molecule.

More specifically, databases where potential new molecules could be accessed to be used in virtual screening initiatives.

The results of bound rubber indicate the higher molecule weight SBR molecules first absorb on the surface of silica particles.

polysaccharide is composed of many simple sugar molecules made of polymers, non-sweet, not soluble in water.

So once the fibre is drawn the researchers apply a very high electric field to it, causing the molecules to align as the fibre cools.

So now there's stronger attraction between them than there is between molecules in either of the pure liquid cases.

Proteins or polypeptides (up to 70 amino acids)are ubiquitous molecules that are essential to all forms of life.

The test result of IR spectrum showed that the structure of bipyridine was not destroyed during the synthesis of probe molecules.

So far, scientists have found three different ways for atoms or molecules to reach such an escape velocity.

A new algorithm for identifying three-dimensional configurations of chemical features common to a set of molecules is described.

Molecules move so rapidly that within a tenth of a second the molecules around a bacteria have all been replaced by new ones.

And when they arrive at the Earth's surface they react with the air - converting air molecules into charged particles known as ions.

The bulk of the molecule is a carbon backbone, with a small number of nitrogen and sulfur molecules thrown in.

The components were scrambled; pores were no longer built, and the wrong molecules were able to get access to DNA.

If the system is at constant pressure then there must exist a counter gradient of air molecules .

Heating makes the molecules of a material move faster, increasing the rate of evaporation.

When the water boils, water vapor forces a portion of the air molecules out of the flask. As the flask.

Since the molecules are in motion, a very small volume will contain a variable number of molecules.

Eating foods that contain these molecules, which neutralize harmful free radicals, may be especially good for your brain too.

Now, since the molecules are completely independent, this should just be the product of the separate probabilities.

is basically the force of these molecules hitting that membrane per unit time, times the number of molecules hitting.

An evaluation of permeability in varying molecules was a key factor to determine input of nutritive materials and output of metabolic waste.

The viruses range down in size to the dimensions of large protein molecules.

Bacteria also release, detect and respond to organic signaling molecules in a process known as quorum sensing.

When a hurricane forms, it tends, initially, to rain water molecules containing the heavier isotope. At that point it is still over the sea.

For the other one, for B, most molecules of B are just going to see themselves.

The molecules continue to stay close together, but do not continue retain a regular fixed arrangement.

For a further improvement of the storage capacity, materials with even higher surface areas accessible for hydrogen molecules are needed.

Hybridomas or other cell lines expressing such immunoglobulin molecules and monoclonal antibodies are also disclosed.

They disassemble sugar molecules and turn the energy thus liberated into a form that biochemical machinery can use.

The test looks at the small molecules involved in metabolism that are in the serum, known as metabolites.

Be careful to avoid the bigger and red molecules as you feed your nucleus smaller ones to thrive and survive.

Researchers used computer models to probe how water molecules form structures, a phenomenon that has resisted visual examination so far.

Buckyballs, as they became known colloquially, are football-shaped molecules made of 60 carbon atoms linked by single and double bonds.

In classical physics, the energy can only work its way across the molecules randomly.

The Golden Triangle Partnership is not, however, looking for new molecules to turn into chemically pure drugs.

They cannot see air molecules directly, but they are able to track aerosol particles that are tossed around by the currents.

Bernstein says that the microfluidic channels could also be useful for looking at molecules besides DNA.

New drug-delivery particles could release therapeutic molecules in the body only after they reached their targeted diseased tissues.

the molecules can be repeatedly broken down and then reassembled quickly, just by adding or removing an additional solution.

The molecules of gas behave as though they were perfectly elastic bodies .

Over the past few years, investigators have discovered small molecules that normally stimulate or inhibit these responses in the body.

So when all the molecules are here, none of them has enough thermal energy to be up here.

Cellulose A long carbon- chain polymer of glucose found in plants . Cellulose molecules bind together to form a strong structure .

resonance of electrons or atoms or molecules or nuclei to radiation frequencies as a result of space quantization in a magnetic field.

The energy in light photon in the visible part of the spectrum can be captured by biological molecules to do constructive work.

The force due to the motion of molecules tends to keep them apart.

Antioxidants provide the missing electron, thereby reducing the potential of these unstable molecules to damage to body cells.

In school, you probably learned that materials like wood, glass, and water are made of atoms that stick together to make molecules.

In a completely smooth glass with no dust molecules in it, champagne would be completely still.

naturally occurring or synthetic; consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers.

One has one that actually walks with a surprisingly human-like gait, that's built out of molecules.

It is easy to compress gas, it is just a matter of reducing the space between the molecules.

The simple equation does very well in predicting the total entropy of melting for the complex set of molecules with an average error of 21%.

Wherever the beam makes contact with air, the air molecules interact in a way that isolates the original audible sound.

The researchers believe that SFRP1 works in concert with other molecules to respond to the availability, or not, of energy.

So we made molecules that look kind of like the real molecules -- which you saw -- but they're a little bit different.

When infused into the body, a hemoglobin molecule breaks down into potentially toxic half molecules, or dimmers.

In other words, they actually do start behaving like molecules in a fluid, bouncing off one another at random.

It can test the small molecules in samples of blood and urine to see how an individual responds to a drug or disease in real time.

Angiogenesis is driven by a balance between different positive and negative effector molecules influencing the growth rate of capillaries.

Since there are now fewer liquid water molecules to be captured and frozen by the ice, the rate of freezing drops.

In other words, the fact that you don't really have the molecules sitting in sites on a lattice but there's disorder.

During evaporation, the left- and right-handed molecules mate up and fall out of solution, leaving a left-handed excess.

The methanol molecule has the best catalytic effect among the three molecules followed by the water and ammonia molecules.

Glucose molecules are thus the monomers out of which each of these polymers is constructed .

Scientists have shown that an applied electric field can drive the DNA molecules through a nanopore, a tiny hole in a membrane.

But even the larger molecules with several hundred atoms are too small to be seen with the best optical microscope.

In the case of biomolecules, these pairs of molecules could be protein-protein, protein-ligand or protein-nucleic acid.

rather we want to develop molecules that will release it in a sort of slow trickle feed.

the number of ways of arranging the molecules on the lattice. And let's say that we have N molecules that are in the gas phase.

Because of the iron atoms, ferritin molecules are able to scatter a beam of electrons and thus can be visualized in electron microscope.

Oxalic acid is two carbon dioxide molecules joined together. So fungi and mycelium sequester carbon dioxide in the form of calcium oxalates.

Of the four nucleotides that comprise DNA molecules, adenine, turns out to have a particularly high affinity for gold.

Biochemists may skillfully create intricate molecules and substances, as the synthesis of the substance that is called a gene .

The thing that's changed is simply the interchanging A That's introduced a new kind of disorder that didn't used to be present.

More investigations are required for understanding mechanisms of the phosphorylation -induced stabilization of nucleolin molecules.

GAGs are molecules that serve as the building blocks of cartilage and are involved in numerous vital functions in the human body.

A maser is a collection of molecules -- in this case, water -- that amplifies light into a powerful beam.

It's the only thing that will protect your nucleus from the dreaded red molecules that are closing in to cause harm.

The particular nature and the unique properties of these molecules make their use a promising procedure for in situ hybridization assays.

Some molecules are large enough to be seen in the electronic microscope.

It's kind of like considering the molecules in the solution to act like an ideal gas.

From the above results, the selective adsorption of organic solvent molecules was more effective in the MOF508.

War(warm? )air is frequently lighter as the molecules bump around, excited by the heat.

a high speed centrifuge used to determine the relative molecular masses of large molecules in high polymers and proteins.

Such molecules are referred to by immunologists as antigens.

The invention relates to a nanoparticle film comprising a nanoparticle network formed of nanoparticles interlinked by linker molecules.

Gels can also be imbued with a number of signaling molecules to promote tissue growth or differentiation.

Conversely, high-throughput and automated systems are currently being used to identify targets of orphan small molecules.

and as the love resounds then the molecules that are dense or toxic will change leading to a release of our global density.

The only constraint is the mutual attraction between the molecules.

One route might be to go for yet-larger (and thus energy-richer) alcohol molecules.

a nucleic acid consisting of large molecules shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information.

When neutrinos interact with electrons or nuclei of those water or oil molecules, they give off a flash of light that sensors can detect.

They start out as tiny molecules (called monomers) that are small enough to penetrate into your hair shafts.

Immunoconjugates, bispecific molecules and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibodies of this disclosure are also provided.

Electromagnetic radiation used to raise atoms or molecules to a higher energy level.

Some ionic compounds form crystals that in-corporate a definite proportion of molecules of water as well as the ions of the compound itself.

Overall, the organisms responded similarly to the same synthetic molecules, despite the dramatic differences between the species.

This need for adjunct sugar molecules is one reason why making protein-based drugs is not as simple as it looks.

and elaborate, Tinkertoy-like molecules that form massive skeletons capable of trapping and holding specific chemicals.

But it may be that metabolic syndrome involves the production of growth-stimulating molecules that help cancers along.

Nile red and nile blue derivatives with carboxyl or amino or hydroxyl group were synthesized, which were used to tag biological molecules.

Production of such nanoscale wires need to be a kind of organic molecules and gallium salt mixture placed in a super-clean silver foil.

Biochemists can replicate their experiments because molecules do not learn.

And, if you try to think about it as molecules moving in random directions, you will see it makes actually complete sense.

The theory can be generalized to deal with many-electron atoms, diatomic molecules, and artificial atoms and diatomic molecule.

Flavonoid The largest group of plant polyphenols. These compounds usually occur bound to sugar molecules.

These molecules sit on the surface of cells and present a protein to the outside environment.

Whenever two monomer molecules react, the product must contain a functional group capable of reacting with another molecule of monomer.

Serotonin is one of the messenger molecules that carry signals between nerve cells in the brain.

As long as the atmosphere has molecules of hydrogen and molecules of oxygen, why should we ever run out of water?

The hydrogen bond length between the soap molecules and molecular bulk modulus of the soap in lubricating greases were also calculated.

The result is a fine powder that can slurp up gases, which chemically combine with the water molecules to form what chemists term a hydrate.

In contrast, the vapor above the liquid surface becomes denser as the evaporated molecules are added to it.

They are large molecules that are able to maintain stability even if they are in a free radical form.

The algae capture the Sun's energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules.

Hydroxyl is HO, as opposed to water's H2O, and it is usually the result of water molecules decomposing.