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单词 make
释义
verb
noun
🔑 makeBrE /meɪk/NAmE /meɪk/   see also made verbpresent simple - I / you / we / they make BrE /meɪk/ NAmE /meɪk/present simple - he / she / it makes BrE /meɪks/ NAmE /meɪks/past simple made BrE /meɪd/ NAmE /meɪd/past participle made BrE /meɪd/ NAmE /meɪd/ -ing form making BrE /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/create 制造🔑 to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together 制造;做;组装~ sthto make a table/dress/cake 做桌子/连衣裙/蛋糕to make bread/cement/paper 制作面包;生产水泥/纸张She makes her own clothes. 她自己做衣服。made in France (= on a label) 法国制造~ sth (out) of sthWhat's your shirt made of? 你的衬衣是用什么做的?~ sth from sthWine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是用葡萄做的。~ sth into sthThe grapes are made into wine. 这些葡萄用来做酒。~ sth for sbShe made coffee for us all. 她给我们大家冲了咖啡。~ sb sthShe made us all coffee. 她给我们大家冲了咖啡。Household jobs: do or make? 家务活:用 do 还是 make?
  • To talk about jobs in the home you can use such phrases as wash the dishes, clean the kitchen floor, set the table, etc. In conversation the verb do is often used instead. 做家务活可用下列短语表示:wash the dishes(洗餐具)、clean the kitchen floor(擦洗厨房地板)、set the table(摆餐具)等,在口语中常用动词 do 取代Let me do the dishes. 我来洗碗吧。Michael said he would do the kitchen floor. 迈克尔说他来擦洗厨房地板。It's your turn to do the table. 轮到你摆餐具了。 Do is often used with nouns ending in -ing. * do 常与以 -ing 结尾的名词连用to do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/vacuuming 买东西;打扫卫生;熨衣服;用吸尘器吸尘
  • The verb make is used especially in the phrase make the beds and when you are talking about preparing or cooking food. 动词 make 尤用于短语 make the beds(铺床)以及谈论烹调He makes a great lasagne. 他做的宽面条真好吃。I'll make breakfast while you're having a shower. 你淋浴时我就做早餐。 You can also say get, get ready and, especially in NAmE, fix for preparing meals. 做饭亦可用 get、get ready 和 fix(尤用于美式英语)等词Can you get dinner while I put the kids to bed? 我照料孩子们上床睡觉时你做饭行吗?Sit down—I'll fix supper for you. 坐下吧,我给你做晚饭。
🔑 ~ sthto write, create or prepare sth 写;出产;制定These regulations were made to protect children. 这些规章制度是为了保护儿童而制定的。My lawyer has been urging me to make a will. 我的律师一直在催促我立遗嘱。She has made (= directed or acted in) several movies. 她已经出了好几部电影。
a bed 🔑 ~ a bedto arrange a bed so that it is neat and ready for use 铺床cause to appear/happen/become/do 使出现/发生/成为/做🔑 ~ sth (+ adv./prep.) to cause sth to appear as a result of breaking, tearing, hitting or removing material 造成(破坏、破损等)The stone made a dent in the roof of the car. 石头把车顶砸了个坑。The holes in the cloth were made by moths. 布上的窟窿是虫子蛀的。🔑 ~ sthto cause sth to exist, happen or be done 使出现;引发;使产生to make a noise/mess/fuss 产生噪音;弄得一团糟;小题大做She tried to make a good impression on the interviewer. 她努力给主持面试者留个好印象。I keep making the same mistakes. 我总是犯同样的错误。makedocreatedevelopproducegenerateform

These words all mean to make sth from parts or materials, or to cause sth to exist or happen. 以上各词均含制造、使产生之义。

  • make to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen 指制造、做、组装、使产生She makes her own clothes. 她自己做衣服。She made a good impression on the interviewer. 她给主持面试者留下了很好的印象。
  • do (rather informal) to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eat 指制作、准备(尤指艺术品或食品)He did a beautiful drawing of a house. 他画了一栋漂亮的房子。Who's doing the food for the party? 谁准备聚会的食物?
  • create to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before 指创造、创作、创建Scientists disagree about how the universe was created. 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。

make or create? 用 make 还是 create?

Make is a more general word and is more often used for physical things: you would usually make a table/dress/cake but create jobs/wealth. You can use create for sth physical in order to emphasize how original or unusual the object is. * make 较通用,较常用以指物质的东西,如制造桌子、做衣服、做蛋糕通常用 make,但创造就业机会/财富用 create。要强调某物品或实体事物是原创的或不同寻常,也可用 createTry this new dish, created by our head chef. 品尝一下这道新菜吧,是我们厨师长首创的。

  • develop (used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product (尤用于商务语境)指开发、研制(产品)to develop new software 开发新软件
  • produce to make things to be sold; to create sth using skill 指生产、制造(商品),(运用技巧)制作、造出a factory that produces microchips 微芯片制造厂
  • generate to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas 指创造、产生(电、财富或主意)to generate electricity 发电Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas. 集思广益是出主意的好办法。
  • form [often passive] to make sth from sth else; to make sth into sth else 指制作、组成、制成Rearrange the letters to form a new word. 重新排列字母,组成另一单词。The chain is formed from 136 links. 这根链条由 136 个链节组成。

Patterns

  • to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form sth from/out of sth
  • to make/form sth into sth
  • to make/produce wine
  • to create/develop a new product
  • to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth
  • to produce/generate electricity/heat/power
🔑 ~ sb/sth/yourself + adj. to cause sb/sth to be or become sth 使变得;使成为The news made him very happy. 这则消息使他非常高兴。She made her objections clear. 她明确表示反对。He made it clear that he objected. 他明确表示反对。The full story was never made public. 全部情况从未公之于世。Can you make yourself understood in Russian? 你能用俄语表达你的意思吗?She couldn't make herself heard above the noise of the traffic. 车辆噪音很大,她无法让人听到她的声音。The terrorists made it known that tourists would be targeted. 恐怖分子宣称游客将成为他们袭击的目标。🔑 ~ sb/sth do sthto cause sb/sth to do sth 促使;使得She always makes me laugh. 她总是让我发笑。This dress makes me look fat. 这衣服我穿着显胖。What makes you say that (= why do you think so)? 你为什么这么说?Nothing will make me change my mind. 什么也改变不了我的主意。🔑 to cause sb/sth to be or become sth 使变得;使成为~ sth of sb/sthThis isn't very importantI don't want to make an issue of it. 这不太重要,我不想把它当回事儿。Don't make a habit of it. 别养成习惯。You've made a terrible mess of this job. 你把这件事儿搞得一团糟。It's important to try and make something of (= achieve sth in) your life. 在一生中有所成就是很重要的。We'll make a tennis player of you yet. 早晚有一天,我们会让你成为一名网球选手的。~ sth + nounI made painting the house my project for the summer. 把房子粉刷了一遍,这就是我的夏季工程。She made it her business to find out who was responsible. 她一定要查清楚到底是谁干的。
a decision/guess/comment, etc. 决定、猜测、评论等🔑 ~ a decision, guess, comment, etc. to decide, guess, etc. sth 做,作出(决定、估计等)Come on! It's time we made a start. 快点!我们该开始了。 HELP Make can be used in this way with a number of different nouns. These expressions are included at the entry for each noun. * make 可以和许多名词这样搭配使用,表达方式列在各有关名词词条下。force 迫使🔑 to force sb to do sth 迫使;强迫~ sb do sthThey made me repeat the whole story. 他们非让我把整个事件再说一遍。be made to do sthShe must be made to comply with the rules. 必须让她遵守规则。~ sbHe never cleans his room and his mother never tries to make him. 他从不收拾自己的房间,而他妈也从不要求他收拾。represent 表现🔑 to represent sb/sth as being or doing sth 表现;表示;描绘~ sb/sth + adj. You've made my nose too big (= for example in a drawing). 你把我的鼻子画得太大了。~ sb/sth + nounHe makes King Lear a truly tragic figure. 他把李尔王刻画成一个真正的悲剧人物。appoint 任命🔑 ~ sb + nounto elect or choose sb as sth 选举;挑选;任命She made him her assistant. 她挑选他做她的助手。be suitable 适合🔑 linking verb ~ sb/sth + nounto become or develop into sth; to be suitable for sth 成为;适合She would have made an excellent teacher. 她本可以成为一位出色的教师。This room would make a nice office. 这间屋子做办公室挺不错。equal 等于🔑 linking verb + nounto add up to or equal sth 合计;等于5 and 7 make 12.5 加 7 等于 12。A hundred cents make one euro. 一百分等于一欧元。 linking verb + nounto be a total of sth 成为总数;是…的总和That makes the third time he's failed his driving test! 他这已经是第三次驾驶考试不及格了!money 🔑 ~ sthto earn or gain money 挣钱;赚钱She makes $100 000 a year. 她一年赚 10 万美元。to make a profit/loss 获利;赔钱We need to think of ways to make money. 我们需要想办法挣钱。He made a fortune on the stock market. 他在股票市场发了大财。He makes a living as a stand-up comic. 他靠说单口相声为生。calculate 计算 [no passive] ~ sth + nounto think or calculate sth to be sth 估计;计算What time do you make it? 你估计现在几点了?I make that exactly $50. 我算出正好是 50 美元。reach 达到 [no passive] ~ sthto manage to reach or go to a place or position (尽力)赶往,到达,达到Do you think we'll make Dover by 12? 你觉得我们 12 点前能到多佛吗?I'm sorry I couldn't make your party last night. 很抱歉,昨晚没能参加你们的聚会。He'll never make (= get a place in) the team. 他绝不可能成为该队的队员。The story made (= appeared on) the front pages of the national newspapers. 这件事登在了全国性报纸的头版。We just managed to make the deadline (= to finish sth in time). 我们总算勉强按期完成。sth successful 成功~ sthto cause sth to be a success 使成功;使圆满Good wine can make a meal. 酒美饭亦香。The news really made my day. 这消息确实使我一天都很愉快。 Verbs with two objects bet, bring, build, buy, cost, get, give, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, post, promise, read, refuse, sell, send, show, sing, take, teach, tell, throw, wish, write HELP Most idioms containing make are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms, for example make merry is at merry. 大多数含 make 的习语,都可在该等习语中的名词及形容词相关词条找到,如 make merry 在词条 merry 下。make as if to do sthto make a movement that makes it seem as if you are just going to do sth 似乎;假装He made as if to speak. 他似乎要说点什么。make ˈdo (with sth)to manage with sth that is not really good enough 凑合;将就We were in a hurry so we had to make do with a quick snack. 我们很匆忙,只好将就着来了点小吃。make ˈgoodto become rich and successful 变得富有;获得成功make sth ˈgoodto pay for, replace or repair sth that has been lost or damaged 赔偿;替换;修理She promised to make good the damage. 她答应赔偿损失。to do sth that you have promised, threatened, etc. to do 履行,执行(曾承诺、威胁等的事) SYN fulfil ˈmake it🔑 to be successful in your career 获得成功He never really made it as an actor. 他从来就不是一个成功的演员。🔑 to succeed in reaching a place in time, especially when this is difficult (尤指在困难情况下)准时到达The flight leaves in twenty minuteswe'll never make it. 再过二十分钟飞机就起飞了,咱们无论如何也赶不上了。🔑 to be able to be present at a place 能够出席(或到场)I'm sorry I won't be able to make it (= for example, to a party) on Saturday. 很抱歉,星期六我出席不了。🔑 to survive after a serious illness or accident; to deal successfully with a difficult experience 幸免于难;渡过难关The doctors think he's going to make it. 医生认为他能挺过去。I don't know how I made it through the week. 我不知道自己是怎么熬过那个星期的。ˈmake it with sb(NAmE, slang) to have sex with sb (与某人)发生性关系make like…(NAmE, informal) to pretend to be, know or have sth in order to impress people (为给别人留下印象)假装,装出…样子He makes like he's the greatest actor of all time. 他装模作样,仿佛自己是有史以来最棒的演员。make the ˈmost of sth/sb/yourselfto gain as much advantage, enjoyment, etc. as you can from sb/sth 充分利用;尽情享受It's my first trip abroad so I'm going to make the most of it. 这是我第一次出国,我要充分利用这个机会。She doesn't know how to make the most of herself (= make herself appear in the best possible way). 她不知道如何充分表现自己。make ˈmuch of sth/sbto treat sth/sb as very important 重视;认为很重要He always makes much of his humble origins. 他总是非常在意他卑微的出身。ˌmake or ˈbreak sb/sthto be the thing that makes sb/sth either a success or a failure 为…成败的关键This movie will make or break him as a director. 这部电影将要决定他当导演是行还是不行。It's make-or-break time for the company. 这是公司盛衰的关键时刻。ˈmake something of yourselfto be successful in your life 获得成功;事业有成 ˈmake for sthto move towards sth 向…移动to help to make sth possible 促成Constant arguing doesn't make for a happy marriage. 不断争吵不可能使婚姻幸福。   see also (be) made for sb/each other at made ˈmake sb/sth into sb/sth 🔑to change sb/sth into sb/sth 把…变成 SYN turn into We're making our attic into an extra bedroom. 我们要把阁楼改装一下,增加一间卧室。ˈmake sth of sb/sthto understand the meaning or character of sb/sth 领会;理解;懂得What do you make of it all? 你明白那都是什么意思吗?I can't make anything of this note. 我根本不懂这封短信的意思。I don't know what to make of (= think of) the new manager. 这位新经理,我不知道怎么说他才好。ˌmake ˈoffto hurry away, especially in order to escape 匆忙离开;(尤指)仓惶逃跑ˌmake ˈoff with sthto steal sth and hurry away with it 偷走某物;顺手牵羊ˌmake ˈout(informal) used to ask if sb managed well or was successful in a particular situation (询问是否处理得当)应付,过How did he make out while his wife was away? 他妻子不在家时他是怎么过的?make out (with sb)(NAmE, informal) to kiss and touch sb in a sexual way; to have sex with sb 亲吻抚摸(某人);(与某人)性交ˌmake sb ˈoutto understand sb's character 看透,弄懂(某人)ˌmake sb/sth↔ˈoutto manage to see sb/sth or read or hear sth 看清;听清;分清;辨认清楚 SYN distinguish I could just make out a figure in the darkness. 黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。make out what, who, etc.I could hear voices but I couldn't make out what they were saying. 我能听到说话的声音,却听不清他们在说什么。identifyknowrecognizenamemake sb/sth out

These words all mean to be able to see or hear sb/sth and especially to be able to say who or what they are. 以上各词均含认出、辨别出之义。

  • identify to be able to say who or what sb/sth is 指确认、认出、鉴定She was able to identify her attacker. 她认出了袭击她的人。
  • know to be able to say who or what sth is when you see or hear it because you have seen or heard it before 指能认出、能辨认出 NOTE Know is used especially to talk about sounds that seem familiar and when sb recognizes the quality or opportunity that sb/sth represents. * know 尤指认出熟悉的声音、辨别出人或事物所表现出的特质以及发现机会I couldn't see who was speaking, but I knew the voice. 我看不到谁在讲话,但我能辨别出声音。She knows a bargain when she sees one. 她一看就知道有没有便宜可捡。
  • recognize to know who sb is or what sth is when you see or hear them/it, because you have seen or heard them/it before 指认识、认出、辨别出I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. 他一进屋我就认出了他。
  • name to say the name of sb/sth in order to show that you know who/what they are 指能说出…的名称、叫出…的名字The victim has not yet been named. 受害人的姓名仍未得知。
  • make sb/sth out to manage to see or hear sb/sth that is not very clear 指看清、听清、分清、辨认清楚I could just make out a figure in the darkness. 黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。

Patterns

  • to identify/know/recognize sb/sth by sth
  • to identify/recognize/name sb/sth as sb/sth
  • to identify/know/recognize/make out who/what/how…
  • to easily/barely/just identify/recognize/make out sb/sth
to say that sth is true when it may not be 声称;把…说成 SYN claim She's not as rich as people make out. 她并不像人们说的那样富有。make out that…He made out that he had been robbed. 他说他被人抢劫了。make sb/sth out to be/do sthShe makes herself out to be smarter than she really is. 她说自己多么聪明,未免言过其实。
ˌmake sth↔ˈoutto write out or complete a form or document 开具,填写(表格或文件)He made out a cheque for €100. 他开了一张 100 欧元的支票。The doctor made out a prescription for me. 医生给我开了一张处方。 (used in negative sentences and questions 用于否定句和疑问句) to understand sth; to see the reasons for sth 理解;明白(事理)How do you make that out (= what are your reasons for thinking that)? 你为什么这么想?make out what, why, etc.I can't make out what she wants. 我不明白她想要什么。
ˌmake sth↔ˈover (to sb/sth)to legally give sth to sb (合法地)给予,转让He made over the property to his eldest son. 他把财产传给了他的长子。to change sth in order to make it look different or use it for a different purpose; to give sb a different appearance by changing their clothes, hair, etc. 改造;修饰;彻底改变形象 SYN transform   related noun makeover ˈmake towards sthto start moving towards sth 向…移动;朝…走去He made towards the door. 他向门口走去。ˌmake ˈupˌmake yourself/sb↔ˈupto put powder, lipstick, etc. on your/sb's face to make it more attractive or to prepare for an appearance in the theatre, on television, etc. 化妆;上妆  related noun make-up (1) ˌmake sth↔ˈup🔑 to form sth 形成;构成 SYN constitute Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的 56%。  related noun make-up (3) consist of sb/sthcomprisemake up sthconstitutebe composed of sb/sth

These words all mean to be formed from the things or people mentioned, or to be the parts that form sth. 以上各词均表示由某些人或事物组成、构成某事物。

  • consist of sb/sth to be formed from the people, things or activities mentioned 指由人、事物或活动组成、构成Their diet consists largely of vegetables. 他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。
  • comprise (rather formal) to be formed from the things or people mentioned 指由…组成、构成The collection comprises 327 paintings. 这组收藏有 327 幅画。 NOTE Comprise can also be used to refer to the parts or members of sth. * comprise 亦可指组成、构成Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty. 在那些生活贫困的人中,老年人占很大的比例。However, this is less frequent. 不过这种用法不常见。
  • make up sth (rather informal) to be the parts or people that form sth 指组成、构成Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的 56%。
  • constitute (formal) to be the parts or people that form sth 指组成、构成People under the age of 40 constitute the majority of the labour force. * 40 岁以下的人占劳动力的大多数。
  • be composed of sb/sth (rather formal) to be formed from the things or people mentioned 指由…组成、构成Around 15% of our diet is composed of protein. 我们的饮食中大约 15% 是蛋白质。

which word? 词语辨析

Consist of sb/sth is the most general of these words and the only one that can be used for activities with the -ing form of a verb. * consist of 是这组词中最通用、也是唯一可与动词 -ing 形式连用、表示包含…活动的词My work at that time just consisted of typing letters. 我那时的工作就是打印信件。The other main difference is between those verbs that take the whole as the subject and the parts as the object 另一主要区别在于有些词是将整体作为主语,部分作为宾语The group consists of/comprises/is made up of/is composed of ten people. 这个小组由十个人组成。and those that take the parts as the subject and the whole as the object. 另一些词则是将部分作为主语,整体作为宾语Ten people make up/constitute/comprise the group. 这个小组由十个人组成。It is not correct to use 'comprises of' or 'is composed by/from'. 用 comprise of 或 is composed by/from 均不正确。

proportion

Describing fractions and proportions 描述分数和份额

  • According to this pie chart, a third of students' leisure time is spent watching TV. 如饼分图所示,学生的闲暇时间有三分之一都花在看电视上。
  • One in five hours is/are spent socializing. 每五个小时中有一个小时花在社交活动上。
  • Socializing accounts for / makes up / comprises about 20% of leisure time. 社交活动占去大约百分之二十的闲暇时间。
  • Students spend twice as much time playing computer games as doing sport. 学生们玩电脑游戏的时间是做运动时间的两倍。
  • Three times as many hours are spent playing computer games as reading. 玩电脑游戏的时间是阅读时间的三倍。
  • The figure for playing computer games is three times higher than the figure for reading. 玩电脑游戏的时间比阅读时间多两倍。
  • The largest proportion of time is spent playing computer games. 大部分时间都花在玩电脑游戏上。
 note at halfsynonyms at consistlanguage bank at expect, fall, illustrate, increase
to put sth together from several different things 拼装;组成  related noun make-up (3) 🔑 to invent a story, etc., especially in order to trick or entertain sb 编造(故事、谎言等)He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick. 他编了个借口,说他的女儿病了。I told the kids a story, making it up as I went along. 我给孩子们讲了个故事,是现编的。You made that up! 你瞎编!to complete a number or an amount required 凑数We need one more person to make up a team. 我们还需要一个人才能组成一个队。to replace sth that has been lost; to compensate for sth 补上(失去的东西);作出补偿Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow? 我今天下午早点儿走,明天补上这段时间,可以吗?to prepare a medicine by mixing different things together 配药to prepare a bed for use; to create a temporary bed 铺床;临时搭床We made up the bed in the spare room. 我们在空着没用的房间里搭了张床。They made up a bed for me on the sofa. 他们给我在沙发上铺了个床。(especially NAmE) to clean a hotel room and make the bed 打扫(酒店房间)The maid asked if she could make up the room. 清洁女工问她是不是可以整理房间。
ˌmake ˈup for sth 🔑to do sth that corrects a bad situation 弥补;补偿 SYN compensate Nothing can make up for the loss of a child. 失去一个孩子是任何东西都无法弥补的。After all the delays, we were anxious to make up for lost time. 耽搁了这么久,我们急着想弥补失去的时间。Her enthusiasm makes up for her lack of experience. 她的热情弥补了她经验的不足。ˌmake ˈup (to sb) for sth 🔑to do sth for sb or give them sth because you have caused them trouble, suffering or disappointment and wish to show that you are sorry (对某人)表示歉意,给以补偿 SYN compensate How can I make up for the way I've treated you? 我这样对你,该怎么向你表示歉意呢?(informal) I'll make it up to you, I promise. 我保证我一定会补偿你的。ˌmake ˈup to sb(BrE, informal, disapproving) to be pleasant to sb, praise them, etc., especially in order to get an advantage for yourself 献媚;奉承;讨好ˌmake ˈup (with sb)(BrE also ˌmake it ˈup) to end a disagreement with sb and become friends again (与某人)言归于好Why don't you two kiss and make up? 你们两个干吗不和好算了?Has he made it up with her yet? 他跟她和好了吗?Have they made it up yet? 他们和解了吗?
🔑 makeBrE /meɪk/NAmE /meɪk/   see also made noun~ (of sth) the name or type of a machine, piece of equipment, etc. that is made by a particular company (机器、设备等的)品牌,型号What make of car does he drive? 他开的是什么品牌的车?There are so many different makes to choose from. 有很多不同的型号可供选择。a Swiss make of watch 一块瑞士表on the ˈmake(informal, disapproving) trying to get money or an advantage for yourself 谋取利益
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