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单词 fight
释义
verb
noun
🔑 fightBrE /faɪt/NAmE /faɪt/ verbpresent simple - I / you / we / they fight BrE /faɪt/ NAmE /faɪt/present simple - he / she / it fights BrE /faɪts/ NAmE /faɪts/past simple fought BrE /fɔːt/ NAmE /fɔːt/past participle fought BrE /fɔːt/ NAmE /fɔːt/ -ing form fighting BrE /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/➤in war/battle 战争；战斗🔑 [I, T] to take part in a war or battle against an enemy 打仗；战斗；作战◆soldiers trained to fight 受过作战训练的士兵◆He fought in Vietnam. 他在越南打过仗。◆~ against sbMy grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain. 我的祖父曾经在西班牙与法西斯分子作战。◆~ sb/sthto fight a war/battle 打仗；作战◆They gathered soldiers to fight the invading army. 他们召集士兵对抗入侵的军队。War and peace 战争与和平

Starting a war 开战

  • declare/make/wage war (on sb/sth) （向…）宣战/挑起战争/发动战争
  • go to war (against/with sb) （向…）开战
  • cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest 引起/平息骚乱
  • incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion 煽动/领导/镇压起义/叛乱
  • launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack 发起/实施突然/恐怖袭击
  • prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict 防止/阻止/表明冲突升级
  • be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war 被内战搞得四分五裂；濒于内战
  • enter/invade/occupy sb's territory 进入/侵略/占领某人的领土
  • lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion 领导/发起/抵制/击退武装入侵

Military operations 军事行动

  • adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy 采用/发展/实施/执行军事战略
  • carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres/ (especially US) maneuvers 执行军事行动/军事演习
  • send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops 派遣/部署/派驻/撤回部队
  • go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission 进行/驾机执行/执行侦察/营救任务
  • train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units 训练/装备/部署陆军/军事/作战分队
  • lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on sb) 领导/发起/实施（对某人的）突然袭击/（空中/空投部队/登陆）攻击
  • employ/use guerrilla tactics 采用游击战术
  • conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare 进行/发动生物战/游击战
  • fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency 设法战胜/镇压/挫败叛乱者/叛乱
  • suffer/inflict a crushing defeat 遭受惨败；大获全胜
  • achieve/win a decisive victory 赢得决定性的胜利
  • halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance 阻止英国/德国/俄罗斯的前进
  • order/force a retreat 命令/强迫撤退

Fighting 作战

  • join/serve in the army/navy/air force 加入陆军/海军/空军；在陆军/海军/空军部队服役
  • be/go/remain/serve on active duty 在服现役
  • serve/complete/return from a tour of duty 在服役；服役完毕；服役归来
  • be sent to the front (line) 被派往前线
  • attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy 袭击/攻击敌人；与敌人交战；击败/杀死/消灭敌人
  • see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting 目睹/报道/参与激战
  • call for/be met with armed resistance 要求/遭遇武装抵抗
  • come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire 冒着激烈的/机关枪的/迫击炮的射击
  • fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at sb/sth) （对…）发射机关枪/迫击炮弹/火箭弹
  • shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles 步枪/手枪射击；发射子弹/导弹
  • launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile 发射巡航/弹道/反坦克导弹
  • use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons 使用生物/化学/核武器
  • inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties 遭受惨重损失/伤亡
  • be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire 被敌军/友军/炮火击中/射死
  • become/be held as a prisoner of war 成为战俘；作为战俘被监禁

Civilians in war 战争中的平民

  • harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians 伤害/杀死/瞄准/保护无辜的/手无寸铁的平民
  • cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage 导致/避免/限制/最大限度减少平民伤亡/附带性破坏
  • impose/enforce/lift a curfew 强制实行/解除宵禁
  • engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing 参与种族清洗；成为种族清洗的受害者
  • be sent to an internment/a concentration camp 被送到俘虏拘留营/集中营
  • accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war 接受/收容/安置战争难民
  • fear/threaten military/violent reprisals 害怕/扬言要军事/暴力报复
  • commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide 犯/被指控犯战争罪/反人类罪/种族灭绝罪

Making peace 和解

  • make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace 促使/带来/赢得/实现/保持/促进和平
  • call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce 要求/商谈/协商/宣布停战/暂时休战
  • sign a ceasefire agreement 签署停战协议
  • call for/bring/put an end to hostilities 要求发动/引发/结束战争
  • demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of sb/sth 强烈要求/商讨/接受…投降
  • establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force 建立/派遣维和部队
  • negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty 商讨/达成/正式批准/签署/接受/拒绝/破坏/违反和平协定
➤struggle/hit 搏斗；打击🔑 [I, T] ~ (sb) to struggle physically with sb 搏斗；打斗；打架◆My little brothers are always fighting. 我的小弟弟们总在打架。◆She'll fight like a tiger to protect her children. 她为了保护孩子，可以凶得像只老虎。➤in contest 竞赛🔑 [T, I] to take part in a contest against sb 参加（竞赛）；竞争◆~ sb/sth (for sth) to fight an election/a campaign 参加竞选/争取权益的运动◆~ for sthShe's fighting for a place in the national team. 她正努力争取加入国家队。➤oppose 反对🔑 [T, I] ~ (sth) to try hard to stop, deal with or oppose sth bad 极力反对；与…作斗争◆to fight racism/corruption/poverty, etc. 与种族主义、腐败、贫困等作斗争◆Workers are fighting the decision to close the factory. 工人在极力反对关闭工厂的决定。◆The fire crews had problems fighting the blaze. 消防队员扑灭那场大火困难重重。◆We will fight for as long as it takes. 我们要一直斗争到底。➤try to get/do sth 争取 [I, T] to try very hard to get sth or to achieve sth 努力争取；为…而斗争◆~ (for sth) He's still fighting for compensation after the accident. 他还在力争事故后的赔偿。◆~ your way…She gradually fought her way to the top of the company. 她努力奋斗，逐渐登上公司的高位。◆~ to do sthDoctors fought for more than six hours to save his life. 医生抢救了六个多小时来拯救他的生命。campaignbattle ⬥ struggle ⬥ drive ⬥ war ⬥ fight

These are all words for an effort made to achieve or prevent sth. 以上各词均指为达到某目的或为阻止某事而作出的努力。

  • campaign a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim 指为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动或运动：◆the campaign for parliamentary reform 要求议会改革的运动◆an advertising campaign 广告宣传活动
  • battle a competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争：◆She finally won the legal battle for compensation. 她终于赢得了这场要求赔偿的法律斗争。◆the endless battle between man and nature 人与大自然永无休止的斗争
  • struggle a competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争：◆the struggle for independence 为独立的斗争◆the struggle between good and evil 正邪之争

battle or struggle? 用 battle 还是 struggle？

A struggle is always about things that seem absolutely necessary, such as life and death or freedom. A battle can also be about things that are not absolutely necessary, just desirable, or about the pleasure of winning. * struggle 总是用于似乎绝对必要的斗争，如关乎生死、自由等。battle 还可用于并非绝对必要的斗争，如仅仅是想得到或者为了获得胜利的满足感：◆the battle/struggle between good and evil 正邪之争◆a legal struggle for compensation◆a struggle of wills/wits

  • drive an organized effort by a group of people to achieve sth 指团体为达到目的而作出的有组织的努力：◆the drive for greater efficiency 为提高效率而作出的努力◆a drive to reduce energy consumption 为减少能源消耗而发起的运动

campaign or drive? 用 campaign 还是 drive？

A campaign is usually aimed at getting other people to do sth; a drive may be an attempt by people to get themselves to do sth. * campaign 通常指发动别人参加的运动；drive 可指让自己作出努力：◆From today, we're going on an economy drive (= we must spend less). 从今天起，我们要展开厉行节约运动。A campaign may be larger, more formal and more organized than a drive. * campaign 所指的运动可能比 drive 更大规模、更正式和更有组织。

  • war [sing.] an effort over a long period of time to get rid of or stop sth bad 指为消灭或阻止有害事物而进行的长期斗争：◆the war against crime 反犯罪活动的斗争
  • fight [sing.] the work of trying to stop or prevent sth bad or achieve sth good; an act of competing, especially in a sport 指为制止或防止坏事物或为达到好目的而进行的斗争，或指竞赛，尤指体育竞赛：◆Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies. 工人赢得了阻止强制裁员的斗争。

war or fight? 用 war 还是 fight？

  • A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself. * war 用于制止人人摒弃的事物（如毒品和犯罪）而进行的斗争；fight 可用于为自己伸张正义而进行的斗争。

Patterns

  • a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight against sth
  • a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight for sth
  • a one-man/one-woman/personal campaign/battle/struggle/war
  • a bitter campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight
  • to launch/embark on a campaign/battle/drive
  • to lead/continue the campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight
  • to win/lose a battle/struggle/war/fight
➤argue 争辩 [I] ~ (with sb) (about/over sth) to have an argument with sb about sth 争辩◆It's a trivial matter and not worth fighting about. 这是一桩小事，不值得为之争辩。➤in boxing 拳击 [I, T] ~ (sb) to take part in a boxing match 参加拳击比赛◆Doctors fear he may never fight again. 医生认为他可能再也不能重返拳坛了。➤law 法律 [T, I] to try to get what you want in court （为…）和某人打官司◆~ (sb) for sthHe fought his wife for custody of the children. 他和妻子打官司争取孩子的监护权。◆~ sthI'm determined to fight the case. 我决意要打这场官司。▸ fight·ing🔑 BrE /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/NAmE /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/ noun [U] ◆Fighting broke out in three districts of the city last night. 昨夜这座城市有三个区发生了战斗。◆outbreaks of street fighting 巷战的爆发●fight your/sb's ˈcorner(BrE) to defend your/sb's position against other people 维护地位、立场等●fight ˌfire with ˈfireto use similar methods in a fight or an argument to those your opponent is using 以眼还眼，以牙还牙●ˌfight for (your) ˈlifeto make a great effort to stay alive, especially when you are badly injured or seriously ill （尤指严重伤病时）与死亡作斗争●a ˌfighting ˈchancea small chance of being successful if a great effort is made 要努力奋斗才有的一线成功机会●fighting ˈfitextremely fit or healthy 十分健壮；彪悍●fighting ˈspirita feeling that you are ready to fight very hard for sth or to try sth difficult 斗志；战斗精神●fighting ˈtalkcomments or remarks that show that you are ready to fight very hard for sth 战斗性的言论◆What we want from the management is fighting talk. 我们要求资方的是发表战斗宣言。●fight a ˌlosing ˈbattleto try to do sth that you will probably never succeed in doing 打一场无望取胜的仗；虽必败无疑犹作奋斗●fight your own battlesto be able to win an argument or get what you want without anyone's help 独力战胜；独自奋斗成功◆I wouldn't get involved—he's old enough to fight his own battles. 我不想参与。他已经长大，能独自应付了。●fight ˈshy of sth/of doing sthto be unwilling to accept sth or do sth, and to try to avoid it 不愿接受（或做）某事；回避；躲避◆Successive governments have fought shy of such measures. 一届接一届政府均不愿采取这些措施。●fight to the ˈdeath/ˈfinishto fight until one of the two people or groups is dead, or until one person or group defeats the other 打到有一方倒下；一决雌雄●fight ˌtooth and ˈnailto fight in a very determined way for what you want 坚决斗争；全力以赴地斗争◆The residents are fighting tooth and nail to stop the new development. 居民为制止新的建房开发计划正在全力以赴进行斗争。●ˌlive to fight another ˈday(saying) used to say that although you have failed or had a bad experience, you will continue （虽已失败或经历很糟但仍要）改日再战，卷土重来 ●ˌfight ˈback (against sb/sth)to resist strongly or attack sb who has attacked you 奋力抵抗；还击◆Don't let them bully you. Fight back! 别让他们欺侮你。要还击！◆It is time to fight back against street crime. 现在是打击街头犯罪行为的时候了。●ˌfight sth↔ˈback/ˈdownto try hard not to do or show sth, especially not to show your feelings 忍住，抑制住（尤指情感）◆I was fighting back the tears. 我强忍住眼泪。◆He fought down his disgust. 他强忍住心里的厌恶。●ˌfight sb/sth↔ˈoffto resist sb/sth by fighting against them/it 抵抗；击退◆The jeweller was stabbed as he tried to fight the robbers off. 珠宝商在试图抵抗强盗时被刺伤了。●ˌfight ˈout sth●ˌfight it ˈoutto fight or argue until an argument has been settled 以斗争方式解决；辩论出结果◆The conflict is still being fought out. 仍在通过战斗解决这次冲突。◆They hadn't reached any agreement so we left them to fight it out. 他们未能取得一致意见，所以我们让他们争出个结果。
🔑 fightBrE /faɪt/NAmE /faɪt/ noun➤struggle 搏斗🔑 [C] a struggle against sb/sth using physical force 搏斗；打斗；打架◆~ (with sb/sth) He got into a fight with a man in the bar. 他在酒吧里和一个男人斗殴。◆a street/gang fight 街头/帮派打斗◆~ (between A and B) A fight broke out between rival groups of fans. 比赛双方球迷打了起来。◆a world title fight (= fighting as a sport, especially boxing) 一场世界冠军争夺战（尤指拳击）fightclash ⬥ brawl ⬥ struggle ⬥ scuffle

These are all words for a situation in which people try to defeat each other using physical force. 以上各词均指搏斗、打斗、打架。

  • fight a situation in which two or more people try to defeat each other using physical force 指搏斗、打斗、打架：◆He got into a fight with a man in the bar. 他在酒吧里和一个男人斗殴。
  • clash (journalism 新闻) a short fight between two groups of people （新闻用语）指两群人之间短暂的打斗、打架、冲突：◆Clashes broke out between police and demonstrators. 警方与示威者发生了冲突。
  • brawl a noisy and violent fight involving a group of people, usually in a public place 通常指一群人在公共场合喧闹、斗殴、闹事：◆a drunken brawl in a bar 在酒吧里酒后闹事
  • struggle a fight between two people or groups of people, especially when one of them is trying to escape, or to get sth from the other 指搏斗、扭打，尤指抢夺、挣扎脱身：◆There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene. 在谋杀现场没有打斗痕迹。
  • scuffle a short and not very violent fight or struggle 指短暂而不太激烈的扭打、冲突：◆He was involved in a scuffle with a photographer. 他和一名摄影记者发生了肢体冲撞。

Patterns

  • a fight/clash/brawl/struggle/scuffle over sth
  • in a fight/brawl/struggle/scuffle
  • a violent fight/clash/struggle
  • to be in/get into/be involved in a fight/clash/brawl/scuffle
  • a fight/clash/brawl/scuffle breaks out
➤trying to get/do sth 争取🔑 [sing.] the work of trying to destroy, prevent or achieve sth 斗争◆~ (against sth) the fight against crime 打击犯罪◆~ (for sth) a fight for survival 为生存而奋斗◆~ (to do sth) Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies. 工人在阻止强制性裁员的斗争中取得了胜利。➤competition 竞赛 [sing.] a competition or an act of competing, especially in a sport （尤指体育运动）比赛，竞赛◆The team put up a good fight (= they played well) but were finally beaten. 这个队打得不错，但最后还是输了。◆She now has a fight on her hands (= will have to play very well) to make it through to the next round. 现在她得表现突出才能进入下一轮比赛。campaignbattle ⬥ struggle ⬥ drive ⬥ war ⬥ fight

These are all words for an effort made to achieve or prevent sth. 以上各词均指为达到某目的或为阻止某事而作出的努力。

  • campaign a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim 指为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动或运动：◆the campaign for parliamentary reform 要求议会改革的运动◆an advertising campaign 广告宣传活动
  • battle a competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争：◆She finally won the legal battle for compensation. 她终于赢得了这场要求赔偿的法律斗争。◆the endless battle between man and nature 人与大自然永无休止的斗争
  • struggle a competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争：◆the struggle for independence 为独立的斗争◆the struggle between good and evil 正邪之争

battle or struggle? 用 battle 还是 struggle？

A struggle is always about things that seem absolutely necessary, such as life and death or freedom. A battle can also be about things that are not absolutely necessary, just desirable, or about the pleasure of winning. * struggle 总是用于似乎绝对必要的斗争，如关乎生死、自由等。battle 还可用于并非绝对必要的斗争，如仅仅是想得到或者为了获得胜利的满足感：◆the battle/struggle between good and evil 正邪之争◆a legal struggle for compensation◆a struggle of wills/wits

  • drive an organized effort by a group of people to achieve sth 指团体为达到目的而作出的有组织的努力：◆the drive for greater efficiency 为提高效率而作出的努力◆a drive to reduce energy consumption 为减少能源消耗而发起的运动

campaign or drive? 用 campaign 还是 drive？

A campaign is usually aimed at getting other people to do sth; a drive may be an attempt by people to get themselves to do sth. * campaign 通常指发动别人参加的运动；drive 可指让自己作出努力：◆From today, we're going on an economy drive (= we must spend less). 从今天起，我们要展开厉行节约运动。A campaign may be larger, more formal and more organized than a drive. * campaign 所指的运动可能比 drive 更大规模、更正式和更有组织。

  • war [sing.] an effort over a long period of time to get rid of or stop sth bad 指为消灭或阻止有害事物而进行的长期斗争：◆the war against crime 反犯罪活动的斗争
  • fight [sing.] the work of trying to stop or prevent sth bad or achieve sth good; an act of competing, especially in a sport 指为制止或防止坏事物或为达到好目的而进行的斗争，或指竞赛，尤指体育竞赛：◆Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies. 工人赢得了阻止强制裁员的斗争。

war or fight? 用 war 还是 fight？

  • A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself. * war 用于制止人人摒弃的事物（如毒品和犯罪）而进行的斗争；fight 可用于为自己伸张正义而进行的斗争。

Patterns

  • a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight against sth
  • a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight for sth
  • a one-man/one-woman/personal campaign/battle/struggle/war
  • a bitter campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight
  • to launch/embark on a campaign/battle/drive
  • to lead/continue the campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight
  • to win/lose a battle/struggle/war/fight
➤argument 争论🔑 [C] ~ (with sb) (over/about sth)(especially NAmE) an argument about sth 争论；争吵◆Did you have a fight with him? 你和他争辩了？◆We had a fight over money. 我们为钱吵了一架。➤battle/war 战斗；战争 [C] a battle, especially for a particular place or position 战斗（尤指为夺取某一地方或位置）◆In the fight for Lemburg, the Austrians were defeated. 在争夺伦贝格的战斗中，奥地利人战败了。➤desire to fight 斗志 [U] the desire or ability to keep fighting for sth 斗志；战斗力◆In spite of many defeats, they still had plenty of fight left in them. 他们尽管多次失败，但仍然斗志昂扬。●a fight to the ˈfinisha sports competition, election, etc. between sides that are so equal in ability that they continue fighting very hard until the end （体育比赛、选举等的）直到最后才能决出胜负的斗争●pick a ˈfight/ˈquarrel (with sb)to deliberately start a fight or an argument with sb 找茬儿；找麻烦；挑衅●be ˈspoiling for a fightto want to fight with sb very much 按捺不住想打架
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