These words all describe sth that causes you physical pain.以上各词均指使人肉体上疼痛的。
painful causing you physical pain指使人肉体上疼痛的NOTEPainful can describe a part of the body, illness, injury, treatment or death. * painful 可用于描述身体部位、疾病、受伤、治疗或死亡等：◆Is your knee still painful?你的膝盖还疼吗？◆a series of painful injections一次又一次令人痛苦的注射◆a slow and painful death缓慢而痛苦的死亡
sore (of a part of the body) painful and often red, especially because of infection or because a muscle has been used too much指（身体部位）发炎疼痛的、肌肉酸痛的：◆a sore throat咽喉疼◆Their feet were sore after hours of walking.他们走了几小时的路，脚都走疼了。
raw (of a part of the body) red and painful, for example because of an infection or because the skin has been damaged指（身体部位）红肿疼痛的、破损的、擦伤的：◆The skin on her feet had been rubbed raw.她脚上的皮磨破了。
inflamed (of a part of the body) painful, red and hot because of an infection or injury指（身体部位）发炎的、红肿的：◆The wound had become inflamed.伤口发炎了。
excruciating extremely painful指极痛苦的、极苦恼的NOTEExcruciating can describe feelings, treatments or death but not parts of the body. * excruciating 可用于描述情感、治疗或死亡，而非身体部位：◆an excruciating throat/back/knee
burning painful and giving a feeling of being very hot指火辣辣地痛的：◆She felt a burning sensation in her throat.她感到咽喉火辣辣的疼。
itchy giving an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; having this feeling指发痒的：◆an itchy rash发痒的皮疹◆I feel itchy all over.我觉得浑身发痒。