释义
🔑 know BrE /nəʊ / NAmE /noʊ / verb present simple - I / you / we / they know BrE /nəʊ / NAmE /noʊ / present simple - he / she / it knows BrE /nəʊz / NAmE /noʊz / past simple knew BrE /njuː / NAmE /nuː / past participle known BrE /nəʊn / NAmE /noʊn / knowing BrE /ˈnəʊ ɪŋ NAmE /ˈnoʊ ɪŋ (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ➤ have information 知悉 🔑 [ T , I ] to have information in your mind as a result of experience or because you have learned or been told it ◆ ~ sth Do you know his address ? ◆ The cause of the fire is not yet known . ◆ All I know is that she used to work in a bank (= I have no other information about her . ◆ ~ (that )… I know (that ) people's handwriting changes as they get older .◆ it is known that… It is widely known that CFCs can damage the ozone layer . ◆ ~ where , what , etc .… I knew where he was hiding . ◆ I didn't know what he was talking about . ◆ ~ (of /about sth )'You've got a flat tyre .' 'I know .' ◆ 'What's the answer ?' 'I don't know .' ◆ 'There's no one in .' ' How do you know ? ' ◆ You know about Amanda's baby , don't you ? ◆ I don't know about you , but I'm ready for something to eat . ◆ I know of at least two people who did the same thing . ◆ 'Is anyone else coming ?' ' Not that I know of . ' ◆ 'Isn't that his car ?' ' I wouldn't know ./How should I know ? ' (= I don't know and I am not the person you should ask . ◆ (informal 'What are you two whispering about ?' ' You don't want to know ' (= because you would be shocked or wouldn't approve . ◆ ~ to do sth Does he know to come here (= that he should come here first ? ◆ ~ sb /sth to be /do sth We know her to be honest . ◆ Two women are known to have died . Saying that you don't know something or giving yourself time to think 表示不知道或需要想一想 There are various ways of telling people that you haven't got the information they are asking for. 告诉别人你不知道他们想要了解的信息，有多种方式 ：
◆ I really don't know. 我确实不知道。 ◆ I'm afraid I don't have the faintest idea. 很抱歉，我一点都不知道。 ◆ Sorry, I have absolutely no idea. 对不起，我完全不知道。 ◆ Has anyone left a message? No, not to my knowledge/not as far as I know. 有谁留过言吗？没有，据我所知没有。 ◆ Well, that's a good question. 嗯，这是一个很好的问题。 ◆ Yes, that's an interesting point/idea. 是的，这观点很有意思。 ◆ Well, let me see… 好吧，让我想一想… ◆ Let me think about that for a moment. 让我想一下。 ➡ see also need-to-know Asking for information 询问信息 When you want to find something out, it sounds more polite if you can phrase your questions in an indirect way. 用间接的方式询问所需的信息听起来更礼貌 ：
◆ Could you tell me the best way to get to Paddington station, please? 您能告诉我去帕丁顿车站的最佳路线吗？ ◆ Do you happen to know whether Amy Brown works here? 你可知道艾米 · 布朗是否在这里工作？ ◆ I wonder whether/if you can help me. I'm trying to find out which number to call for reservations. 不知道您能否帮帮我，我想知道打哪个号码可以预订。 ➤ realize 意识到 🔑 [ T , I ] to realize , understand or be aware of sth ◆ ~ (that )… As soon as I walked in the room I knew (that ) something was wrong .◆ She knew she was dying . ◆ ~ what , how , etc .… I knew perfectly well what she meant . ◆ I know exactly how you feel . ◆ ~ (sth )This case is hopeless and he knows it (= although he will not admit it . ◆ 'Martin was lying all the time .' ' I should have known .' ➤ feel certain 确信 🔑 [ T , I ] to feel certain about sth ◆ ~ (that )… He knew (that ) he could trust her .◆ I know it's here somewhere ! ◆ I don't know that I can finish it by next week . ◆ ~ (sth )'You were right —someone's been spreading rumours about you .' 'I knew it !' ◆ 'She's the worst player in the team .' 'Oh , I don't know (= I am not sure that I agree —she played well yesterday .' ➡ see also don't-know ➤ be familiar 熟悉 🔑 [ T ] ~ sb /sth to be familiar with a person , place , thing , etc . ◆ I've known David for 20 years . ◆ Do you two know each other (= have you met before ? ◆ She's very nice when you get to know her . ◆ Knowing Ben we could be waiting a long time (= it is typical of him to be late . ◆ This man is known to the police (= as a criminal . ◆ I know Paris well . ◆ Do you know the play (= have you seen or read it before ? ◆ The new rules could mean the end of football as we know it (= in the form that we are familiar with . ➤ reputation 名声 🔑 [ T , usually passive ] to think that sb /sth is a particular type of person or thing or has particular characteristics ◆ ~ sb /sth as sth It's known as the most dangerous part of the city . ◆ ~ sb /sth for sth She is best known for her work on the human brain . ◆ ~ sb /sth to be /do sth He's known to be an outstanding physicist . ➤ give name 命名 🔑 [ T ] ~ sb /sth as sth [ usually passive ] to give sb /sth a particular name or title ◆ The drug is commonly known as Ecstasy . ◆ Peter Wilson , also known as 'the Tiger' ➤ recognize 认出 🔑 [ T ] ~ sb /sth to be able to recognize sb /sth ◆ I couldn't see who was speaking , but I knew the voice . ◆ She knows a bargain when she sees one . identify know ⬥ recognize ⬥ name ⬥ make sb/sth out These words all mean to be able to see or hear sb/sth and especially to be able to say who or what they are. 以上各词均含认出、辨别出之义。
identify to be able to say who or what sb/sth is 指确认、认出、鉴定 ： ◆ She was able to identify her attacker. 她认出了袭击她的人。 know to be able to say who or what sth is when you see or hear it because you have seen or heard it before 指能认出、能辨认出 NOTE Know is used especially to talk about sounds that seem familiar and when sb recognizes the quality or opportunity that sb/sth represents. * know 尤指认出熟悉的声音、辨别出人或事物所表现出的特质以及发现机会 ： ◆ I couldn't see who was speaking, but I knew the voice. 我看不到谁在讲话，但我能辨别出声音。 ◆ She knows a bargain when she sees one. 她一看就知道有没有便宜可捡。 recognize to know who sb is or what sth is when you see or hear them/it, because you have seen or heard them/it before 指认识、认出、辨别出 ： ◆ I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. 他一进屋我就认出了他。 name to say the name of sb/sth in order to show that you know who/what they are 指能说出…的名称、叫出…的名字 ： ◆ The victim has not yet been named. 受害人的姓名仍未得知。 make sb/sth out to manage to see or hear sb/sth that is not very clear 指看清、听清、分清、辨认清楚 ： ◆ I could just make out a figure in the darkness. 黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。 Patterns to identify/know/recognize sb/sth by sth to identify/recognize/name sb/sth as sb/sth to identify/know/recognize/make out who/what/how… to easily/barely/just identify/recognize/make out sb/sth ➤ distinguish 区分 [ T ] ~ sb /sth from sb /sth to be able to distinguish one person or thing from another SYN differentiate ◆ I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong . ➤ skill /language 技能；语言 🔑 [ T ] to have learned a skill or language and be able to use it ◆ ~ sth Do you know any Japanese ? ◆ ~ how , what , etc .… Do you know how to use spreadsheets ? ➤ experience 经历 [ T ] (only used in the perfect tenses 仅用于完成时 to have seen , heard or experienced sth ◆ ~ sb /sth (to ) do sth I've never known it (to ) snow in July before .◆ be known to do sth He has been known to spend all morning in the bathroom . [ T ] ~ sth to have personal experience of sth ◆ He has known both poverty and wealth . ◆ She may be successful now , but she has known what it is like to be poor . Silent letters gnarled , gnash , gnat , gnaw , gnome haute cuisine , heir , (NAmE herb) , honour , hors d’oeuvre , hour knack , knee , kneel , knife , knight , knit , knob , knock , knot , know , knuckle psalm , psephology , psychic , ptarmigan , pterodactyl , psychology wrangle , wrap , wreath , wreck , wrench , wrestle , wriggle , wring , write , wrong bomb , climb , crumb , doubt , lamb , limb ascent , fascinate , muscle , scene , scissors height , right , sleigh , weight align , campaign , design , foreign , malign , reign , unfeigned balmy , calm , calf , half , yolk autumn , column , condemn , damn , hymn , solemn bristle , fasten , listen , mortgage , soften , thistle , wrestle biscuit , build , circuit , disguise , guilty , league , rogue , vague yacht answer , sword , two ● before you know where you ˈare very quickly or suddenly ◆ We were whisked off in a taxi before we knew where we were . ● be not to ˈknow to have no way of realizing or being aware that you have done sth wrong ◆ 'I'm sorry , I called when you were in bed .' 'Don't worry —you weren't to know .' ● for all you , I , they , etc . know (informal used to emphasize that you do not know sth and that it is not important to you ◆ She could be dead for all I know . ● God /goodness /Heaven knows (informal 🔑 used to emphasize that you do not know sth ◆ God knows what else they might find . ◆ 'Where are they ?' 'Goodness knows .' HELP Some people may find the use of God knows offensive . 有人可能认为用 God knows 含冒犯意。 used to emphasize the truth of what you are saying ◆ She ought to pass the exam —goodness knows she's been working hard enough . ● I don't know how , why , etc .… (informal used to criticize sb's behaviour ◆ I don't know how you can say things like that . ● I know (informal 🔑 BrE /aɪ ˈnəʊ / NAmE /aɪ ˈnoʊ / used to agree with sb or to show sympathy ◆ 'What a ridiculous situation !' 'I know .' 🔑 BrE /ˈaɪ nəʊ / NAmE /ˈaɪ noʊ / used to introduce a new idea or suggestion ◆ I know , let's see what's on at the theatre . ● know sth as well as ˈI do used to criticize sb by saying that they should realize or understand sth ◆ You know as well as I do that you're being unreasonable . ● know sb /sth ˈbackwards (informal especially BrE to know sb /sth extremely well ◆ She must know the play backwards by now . ● know ˈbest to know what should be done , etc . better than other people ◆ The doctor told you to stay in bed , and she knows best . ● know better (than that /than to do sth )to be sensible enough not to do sth ◆ He knows better than to judge by appearances . ● know sb by ˈsight to recognize sb without knowing them well ● know ˈdifferent /ˈotherwise (informal to have information or evidence that the opposite is true ◆ He says he doesn't care about what the critics write , but I know different . ● know full ˈwell to be very aware of a fact and unable to deny or ignore it ◆ He knew full well what she thought of it . ● know sb /sth inside ˈout ● know sb /sth like the back of your ˈhand (informal to be very familiar with sb /sth ◆ This is where I grew up . I know this area like the back of my hand . ● know your own ˈmind to have very firm ideas about what you want to do ● know your ˈstuff (informal to know a lot about a particular subject or job ● know your way aˈround to be familiar with a place , subject , etc . ● know what you're ˈtalking about (informal to have knowledge about sth from your own experience ● know which side your ˈbread is buttered (informal to know where you can get an advantage for yourself ● let it be known /make it known that… (formal to make sure that people are informed about sth , especially by getting sb else to tell them ◆ The President has let it be known that he does not intend to run for election again . ● let sb ˈknow 🔑 to tell sb about sth ◆ Let me know how I can help . ● make yourself ˈknown to sb to introduce yourself to sb ◆ I made myself known to the hotel manager . ● not know any ˈbetter to behave badly , usually because you have not been taught the correct way to behave ● not know your ˌarse from your ˈelbow (BrE taboo slang to be very stupid or completely lacking in skill ● not know ˈbeans about sth (NAmE informal to know nothing about a subject ● not know the first thing aˈbout sb /sth to know nothing at all about sb /sth ● not know sb from ˈAdam (informal to not know at all who sb is ● not know what ˈhit you (informal to be so surprised by sth that you do not know how to react ● not know where to ˈlook (informal to feel great embarrassment and not know how to react ● not know whether you're ˈcoming or ˈgoing (informal to be so excited or confused that you cannot behave or think in a sensible way ● not know you are ˈborn (BrE informal to have an easy life without realizing how easy it is ◆ You people without kids don't know you're born . ● there's no ˈknowing used to say that it is impossible to say what might happen ◆ There's no knowing how he'll react . ● what does… know ?used to say that sb knows nothing about the subject you are talking about ◆ What does he know about football , anyway ? ● what do you ˈknow ?(informal used to express surprise ◆ Well , what do you know ? Look who's here ! ● ˌyou ˈknow (informal 🔑 used when you are thinking of what to say next ◆ Well , you know , it's difficult to explain . 🔑 used to show that what you are referring to is known or understood by the person you are speaking to ◆ Guess who I've just seen ? Maggie ! You know —Jim's wife . ◆ You know that restaurant round the corner ? It's closed down . 🔑 used to emphasize sth that you are saying ◆ I'm not stupid , you know . ● you ˈknow something /ˈwhat ?(informal used to introduce an interesting or surprising opinion , piece of news , etc . ◆ You know something ? I've never really enjoyed Christmas . ● you know ˈwho /ˈwhat (informal used to refer to sb /sth without mentioning a name ● you never know 🔑 (informal used to say that you can never be certain about what will happen in the future , especially when you are suggesting that sth good might happen ● have /know all the ˈanswers (informal often disapproving to be confident that you know sth , especially when you actually do not ◆ He thinks he knows all the answers . ● know /learn /find sth to your ˈcost to know sth because of sth unpleasant that has happened to you ◆ He's a ruthless businessman , as I know to my cost . ● have seen /known better ˈdays (humorous to be in poor condition ◆ Our car has seen better days ! ● better the ˌdevil you ˈknow (than the ˌdevil you ˈdon't )(saying used to say that it is easier and wiser to stay in a bad situation that you know and can deal with rather than change to a new situation which may be much worse ● as far as I ˈknow 🔑 ● as far as I can reˈmember , ˈsee , ˈtell , etc .🔑 used to say that you think you know , remember , understand , etc . sth but you cannot be completely sure , especially because you do not know all the facts ◆ As far as we knew , there was no cause for concern . ◆ As far as I can see , you've done nothing wrong . ◆ She lived in Chicago , as far as I can remember . ● ˈLord knows… used to emphasize what you are saying ◆ Lord knows , I tried to teach her . ● ˈLord (ˈonly ) knows (what , where , why , etc .)… (informal used to say that you do not know the answer to sth ◆ 'Why did she say that ?' 'Lord knows !' HELP Some people may find the use of Lord in these expressions offensive . 有人可能认为这些表达法用 Lord 含冒犯意。 ● old enough to know ˈbetter old enough to behave in a more sensible way than you actually did ● have /know sth off ˈpat (BrE (NAmE have /know sth down ˈpat to know sth perfectly so that you can repeat it at any time without having to think about it ◆ He had all the answers off pat . ● show sb /know /learn the ˈropes (informal to show sb /know /learn how a particular job should be done ● know /tell sb a ˈthing or two (about sb /sth )(informal to know /tell sb some useful , interesting or surprising information about sb /sth ◆ She's been married five times , so she knows a thing or two about men ! ● not know , etc . the first thing aˈbout sth /sb to know nothing at all about sth /sb ● if (the ) ˌtruth be ˈknown /ˈtold used to tell sb the true facts about a situation , especially when these are not known by other people 🔑 know BrE /nəʊ / NAmE /noʊ / noun ● in the ˈknow (informal having more information about sth than most people ◆ Somebody in the know told me he's going to resign .
