Being a writer 当作家

• write/publish literature/poetry/fiction/a book/a story/a poem/a novel/a review/an autobiography 写/发表文学作品/诗集/小说/书/故事/诗歌/长篇小说/评论/自传
• become a writer/novelist/playwright 成为作家/小说家/剧作家
• find/have a publisher/an agent 找到/有出版商/代理人
• have a new book out 出版一部新书
• edit/revise/proofread a book/text/manuscript 编辑/修订/校对书/文章/原稿
• dedicate a book/poem to… 把一本书/一首诗献给…

Plot, character and atmosphere 情节、人物和氛围

• construct/create/weave/weave sth into a complex narrative 构思/创作/编写/把某事编成一部复杂的叙事小说
• advance/drive the plot 推进故事情节的发展
• introduce/present the protagonist/a character 介绍主人公/一个人物
• describe/depict/portray a character (as…)/(sb as) a hero/villain 描述人物/英雄/坏蛋；把一个人物描绘成…；把某人描绘成英雄/坏蛋
• create an exciting/a tense atmosphere 营造一种令人兴奋/紧张的气氛
• build/heighten the suspense/tension 制造/增加悬念/紧张气氛
• evoke/capture the pathos of the situation 唤起对这种状况的同情
• convey emotion/an idea/an impression/a sense of… 传达…情感/思想；给人…印象/感觉
• engage the reader 吸引读者
• seize/capture/grip the (reader's) imagination 抓住（读者的）想象力
• arouse/elicit emotion/sympathy (in the reader) 唤起（读者的）情感/同情
• lack imagination/emotion/structure/rhythm 缺乏想象力/情感/精心组织/节奏感

Language, style and imagery 语言、风格和形象语言

• use/employ language/imagery/humour/ (especially US) humor/an image/a symbol/a metaphor/a device 使用语言/形象语言/幽默/意象/象征/暗喻/手段
• use/adopt/develop a style/technique 使用/采用/形成一种风格/技巧
• be rich in/be full of symbolism 富含象征意义
• evoke images of…/a sense of…/a feeling of… 唤起…的形象/感觉
• create/achieve an effect 创造/取得效果
• maintain/lighten the tone 维持/缓和基调
• introduce/develop an idea/a theme 引入/发展一种思想/一个主题
• inspire a novel/a poet/sb's work/sb's imagination 促成小说的创作；给诗人以灵感；促成某人作品的诞生；激发某人的想象力

Reading and criticism 阅读与评论

• read an author/sb's work/fiction/poetry/a text/a poem/a novel/a chapter/a passage 读一个作家的作品/某人的著作/小说/诗集/一篇文章/一首诗/一部小说/一个章节/一段文章
• review a book/a novel/sb's work 评论一本书/一部小说/某人的作品
• give sth/get/have/receive a good/bad review 给予/得到好评/恶评
• be hailed (as)/be recognized as a masterpiece 被誉为一部杰作
• quote a phrase/line/stanza/passage/author 引用一个短语/一行诗/一节诗/一段文章/作者的话
• provoke/spark discussion/criticism 引发讨论/评论
• study/interpret/understand a text/passage 研读/解读/理解一篇文章/一段文章
• translate sb's work/a text/a passage/a novel/a poem 翻译某人的作品/一篇文章/一段文章/一部小说/一首诗

These are all words for a written or spoken account of events. 以上各词均指对所发生事情的记述、讲述。

• report a written or spoken account of an event, especially one that is published or broadcast 尤指刊登或广播的报道：◆Are these newspaper reports true? 报纸上这些报道属实吗？
• story an account, often spoken, of what happened to sb or of how sth happened; a report of events in a newspaper, magazine or news broadcast 常指对所发生事情的口头叙述、描述、（新闻）报道：◆It was many years before the full story was made public. 许多年之后，事情的全貌才公之于众。◆the front-page story 头版报道
• account a written or spoken description of sth that has happened 指对所发生事情的书面或口头描述、叙述、报告：◆She gave the police a full account of the incident. 她向警方详尽地叙述了所发生的事情。

report or account? 用 report 还是 account？

A report is always of recent events, especially news. An account may be of recent or past events. * report 总是指对最新事情的报道，尤指新闻报道。account 可指对最近的或过去的事情的叙述。

• version a description of an event from the point of view of a particular person or group of people 指特定的人或群体对某事的描述、说法：◆She gave us her version of what had happened that day. 她从她的角度向我们描述了那天发生的事情。

Patterns

• a report/story about sth
• a brief/short report/story/account
• a full report/story/account/version
• a news report/story
• to give a(n) report/account/version